OBJECTIVE: To analyze the characteristics of respiration events of sleep disordered breathing in children. METHOD: Thirty-two guide polysomnography was monitored in 203 snoring children. According to AHI and AI, they were divided into five groups and the results were analyzed by polysmith. RESULT: The mean value of REM was higher than that of NREM. The mean value between apnea and hypopnea have significant differences (P<0.01). CONCLUSION 1) Respiration events of children mostly happen in REM. 2) The mean value of hypopnea is higher than that of apnea. 3) Diagnosing obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome in children as AI > or = 1 need research.
Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Polysomnography ; Respiration ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes ; physiopathology ; Sleep, REM ; Snoring ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of the obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome on children's growth and to discuss operative standards. METHOD: Five hundred and eighty-two children who were 2.5 to 10 years old were monitored with polysomnography(PSG). The index included apnea and hypopnea index (AHI) and computed body mass index (BMI) which was measured with heights and weights. RESULT: Comparing with the normal children in the same age period and the same sex, boys' BMI had distinguished differences (P < 0.01) when AHI > or =2 and girls BMI had distinguished differences (P < 0.01) when AHI > or =1. CONCLUSION We Suggests to define the diagnosis and operative standards of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome at AHI > or =2.
Body Mass Index ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Polysomnography ; Severity of Illness Index ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; diagnosis ; physiopathology

Objective To observe the expression changes ofmiR-34a and its related target genes sirtuin 1 (Sirtl) and nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in subependymal zone (SVZ) of rats after cerebral ischemia,and to explore the effect of miR-34a on proliferation of endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) after cerebral ischemia.Methods Forty SD rats were randomly divided into control group,cerebral ischemia one d group,cerebral ischemia three d group and cerebral ischemia 7 d group (n=10).Middle cerebral artery occlusion models were established by thread embolization in the latter three groups,and the SVZs were taken one,three and 7 d after model making,respectively.Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the expression of nestin,real-time PCR was used to detect the mRNA expressions ofmiR-34a,Sirtl and Nrf2,and Western blotting was used to detect the protein expressions of Sirt1 and Nrf2.Results (1) In SVZs of cerebral ischemia one d group,cerebral ischemia three d group and cerebral ischemia 7 d group,the number of nestin positive cells increased gradually ([2.013±0.526],[4.821 ±1.154],and [6.394±1.027]) cells/filed,with statistical differences (P＜0.05).(2) In SVZs of cerebral ischemia one d group,cerebral ischemia three d group and cerebral ischemia 7 d group,the expression levels of miR-34a mRNA increased gradually (0.295±0.145,0.701 ±0.075,and 1.136±0.018),the Sirt1 mRNA expression levels showed a downward trend (0.835±0.024,0.620±0.133,and 0.278±0.110),the Nrf2 mRNA expression levels obviously decreased (1.032±0.256,0.833±0.187,and 0.630±0.123),the Sirt1 protein expression levels showed a downward trend (0.832±0.018,0.731±0.156,and 0.454±0.132),and the Nrf2 protein expression levels obviously decreased (1.003±0.133,0.813±0.111,and 0.671 ±0.071),with statistically significant differences (P＜0.05).(3)Statistical correlation analysis showed that the number of nestin positive cells was positively correlated with miR-34a mRNA expression level and negatively correlated with Sirt1 and Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression levels after cerebral ischemia (r=0.887,P=0.003;r=-0.746,P=0.005;r=-0.521,P=0.013;r=-0.344,P=0.025;r=-0.863,P=0.000).Conclusions MiR-34a may regulate the proliferation of NSCs through Sirt1/Nrf2 pathway after cerebral ischemia.