Objective To explore the effect of out-hospital health education on quality of life of heart failure patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Methods 60 cases of heart failure patients with dilated cardiomyopathy were selected and divided into follow-up group and control group with 30 cases in each group. The follow-up group accepted out-hospital health education, while the control group only accepted conventional in-hospital health education. Then World Health Organization Quality Of Life-Brief (WHOQOF-BRIEF) was used to evaluate their quality of life 6 months after discharge. Results The score of WHOQOF-BRIEF was higher in the follow-up group than in the control group (P<0.05). The satisfactory degree of nurse-patient relationship was better in the follow-up group than in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Out-hospital health education can improve the quality of life of heart failure patients with dilated cardiomyopathy.

The incidence of liver cancer has been increasing year by year.In China,the incidence of liver cancer is 25.7/10 million.However,when the important organs have been involved or when the malignant liver tumors are located adjacent to the hepatic portal vital organs,the lesions are usually difficult to be surgically removed,and the curative results of chemotherapy and radiotherapy for such lesions are often poor.In recent years,along with the gradual rise of ablation techniques,the irreversible electroporation (IRE),regarded as a new ablation method that uses non-thermal energy,has been widely employed in clinical practice.Through generating instantaneous high voltage electrical pulses,IRE produces irreversible nanoscale damage to the cell membrane.Both domestic and foreign researches have indicated that for the treatment of inoperable primary or metastatic liver tumors IRE can effectively inactivate the tumor tissue while the lumen architecture of the vessels can be preserved and large vessel or bile duct will not be damaged.This paper aims to make a comprehensive review about IRE device structure,mechanism of therapeutic action,preclinical studies,clinical application methods and clinical efficacy in order to provide reference for the application of this technology in clinical practice.(J Intervent Radiol,2017,26:285-289)

Objective To study the mechanism of FTY720 on type Ι diabetic rats. Methods The typeⅠdiabetes rat model was established by feeding male SD rats with high energy urea and injecting into the abdominal cavity with low dose cephalosporins (STZ, 30 mg/kg). In the following, the treated rats were divided into two groups: model group and FTY720 group. Another group of untreated rats was assigned as normal control group. FTY720 group was given 1 mg/kg FTY720, the normal control group and model group was given the equal amount of water. Results The cardiac function of FTY720 group was recovered markeyly. FTY720 activated the expression of vascular endothelial cells S1P1 , diabetes and reduced the expessions of S1P3 and PKCβ Ⅱand it restored the migration ability of diabetes cardiovascular endothelial cell , as well as the abnormally elevated cardiovascular endothelial cells induced by high sugar permeability. Conclusion The S1P1 and S1P3 cut is an important reaction pathway to the complications of diabetes and cardiovascular dysfunction. FTY720 may reduce the damage to core blood vessels caused by diabetes , and pathological angiogenesis which functionally depends on the PKCβⅡ signaling pathways. Therefore, FTY720 may provide a potential therapy for cardiovascular function impaired by diabetes.

Objective To determine the effects of dose reduction on multi-slice spiral CT(MSCT) of neonatal head and assess the lowest possible radiation for acceptable clinical images.Methods Fifty-seven newborns suspected intracranial hemorrhage were entered into the study and underwent MSCT scans.Original images at three anatomic levels (posterior fossa, basal ganglia, centrum semiovale) were collected and synthetic noise was added so as to simulate dose reductions of 25%, 40%, 50% and 70%, respectively by using the noise addition tool.A total of 855 image data sets were obtained for the 57 patients.Original and simulated dose-reduction scan images were analyzed.Image noise and image quality were assessed by two independent experienced pediatric radiologists using diagnostic acceptability score, subjective image noise score on a 5-peint scale and objective noise index.Image noise was measured by respectively placing region of interest (ROI) at cerebellum, thalamus and corona radiata of 3 different slices.And the noise index and mean value was calculated.The degree of inter-observer concordance was determined by Kappa statistical analysis.The Spearman statistical correlations between the noise index and diagnostic acceptability score were performed.Results On the images of original dose and simulated dose reductions of 25%, 40%, 50% and 70%, the diagnostic acceptability was 4.47±0.51, 3.96±0.33, 3.21±0.45, 2.92±0.32, and 1.85±0.57, respectively,the subjective image scores were 1.62±0.48, 1.99±0.48, 2.76±0.81, 3.19±0.67, and 4.27±0.54, respectively, the noise index were 1.90±0.19, 2.17±0.20.2.44± 0.25, 2.68±0.28, and 3.37±0.39, respectively.The two radiologists had good intembserver agreement for diagnostic acceptability (K=0.860, P=0.017) and for image noise scoff ng (K=0.630, P=0.022).There was significant statistical correlation between image noise index and diagnostic acceptability (r= 0.826,P=0.001).At 40% dose reduction to the standard protocol, the noise index was 2.44 and the image quality score was 3.21 which were considered clinically acceptable.Conclusion The study revealed that acceptable imagos could be obtained with mean noise index of 2.44 and 40% dose reduction.

Objective To investigate the effects of UVB irradiation and calciu m at different concentrations on the expression of pemphigus antigens by culture d human keratinocytes. Methods Human keratinocyte cultures were treated with eit her 2 mmol/L calcium added to the serum free media, or exposure to UVB irradiat ion. Immunofluorescence staining was performed with sera from patients with pemp higus vulgaris (PV) or pemphigus foliaceus (PF) as the first antigen. Extracts f rom both epidermis and keratinocytes were run on SDS-PAGE according to Laemmli ′s method and transferred to nitrocellulose membrane for immunoblot with PV and PF sera. Results Specific staining with PV sera was always detectable on kerati nocyte culture by immunofluorescence assay with or without high concentrations o f calcium while PF antigen was detected on stratified cells only. However, expos ure to UVB irradiation could not evoke keratinocyte culture express PF antigen. The reactivities were found at 160 kd band with PF sera while at both 160 kd and 130 kd bands with PV sera. Conclusions Monolayer or stratified keratinocytes ca n produce PV antigen, by increasing the concentration of calcium in the culture media, the human cultured kera tinocytes can be induced to stratify and express PFA. Human keratinocytes can not express PF antigen after exposure to UVB in intro.

Objective To study the action and mechanism of staphylococcal exfoliative toxin A(E-TA)on pemphigus foliaceus antigen(PFA)and pemphigus vulgaris antigen(PVA)expressed on cultured human keratinocytes.Methods Stratified human keratinocytes were incubated with ETA and then stained with sera from patients with pemphigus foliaceus or pemphigus vulgaris as the first antibodies and FITC-la-beled sheep anti-human IgG as the second antibody.Total protein was harvested from the cells pretreated with ETA and run on SDS-PAGE for Western blot with the same antibodies.Simultaneously,supernatants of the keratinocytes before and after ETA treatment were collected for detection of the levels of IL-1?,IL-6with ELISA kits.The caseinolytic activities of the supernatants were tested by spectrometry in which casein was used as a non-specific substrate.Results Down-expression of PFA was shown after ETA treatment while no change of PVA expression was found.The high intensity and continuous linear appearance of fluo-rescent staining before ETA treatment became weak and discontinuous after ETA treatment,which were re-covered gradually in24hours.The degradation of proteins recognized by PF sera after ETV treatment was revealed by Western blot.The decreasing tendency of IL-1?concentration was found in the supernatants of cell culture after ETA treatment,but IL-6level was too low to be detected.Increased caseinolytic activities were found in the supernatants,and declined36hours after ETA treatment.Conclusions ETA acts on PFA expressed on keratinocytes in vitro,which is reversible along with withdrawal of ETA.The mechanism of E-TA act on PFA may be related to proteolytic action instead of promoting cytokine secretion.

Objective To assess the feasibility of using an automatic tube current modulation (ATCM)method to obtmn consistent image quality with reduced radiation dose for young children undergoing chest scans with a set of 64-slice spiral CT.Methods Fifry young children underwent chest scans on a GE 64-slice VCT with automatic tube current modulation.The noise index(NI)for this study group was set to 8 or 9 based on the proposed reference for pediatric chest imaging in our hospital.We compared image quality and radiation dose for the study group with the age-matched control group of 50 young children acquired with standard protocol of fixed-mAs(120 and 150 mAs for under 1 and above 1 year old,respectively).The volume CT dose index(CTDIvol)values were recorded for beth groups.Two experienced pediatric radiologists assessed image quality on a 5-point scale with 5 being the best.Scores greater than or equal to 3 were considered clinically acceptable.The degree of interobserver concordance was determined by Kappa statistics.Results The average objective image noise and CTDIvol for control group was(4.78±0.58)and(6.68±0.62)mGy,respectively.For the study group the mean value of objective mAs wag(41.6±11.6)(20-79 mAs)with mean CTDIvol of(2.34 4±0.71)mGy,and the use of ATCM produced mean noise of(7.84±0.66).The average CTDIvol with the use of NI of 8-9 was about 65% lower than that with the fixed mAs setting.The mean image quality score for the study group and control group was(3.46±0.40)and(4.65±0.46)respectively.All studies had acceptable image quality,and there was good inter-observer agreement in diagnostic acceptability(Kappa=0.474 and 0.536).Conclusion The automatic tube current modulation method could be used to obtain consistent image qualityfor young children undergoing 64-slice MSCT chest scans.With proper noise level setting(NI=8 or 9),one may obtmn clinically acceptable images with much reduced radiation dose.

Objective To prospectively evaluate the correlation between a single breath-hold three-dimensional (3 D) and several breath-hold two-dimensional (2D) delayed enhancement MR imaging sequences in the assessment of myocardial infarction size and the differences on image quality. Methods Fifteen patients with myocardial infarction underwent MR scan by using a single breath-hold 3D inversion-recovery fast low-angle shot (FLASH) sequence and several breath-hold 2D turbo-FLASH as the reference standard. Paired-samples t test was used to compare the ratio of the infarction areas in two sequences. Two-way ANOVA was used to assess the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) on 3D,2D magnitude-reconstructed and 2D phase-sensitive (PS) images. P value less than 0.05 was considered to indicate a significant difference. Meanwhile subjective visual evaluation was also performed to compare the image quality. Results The infarction ratio determined by 3D MR imaging 31.28% was no significant difference with that of 2D MR imaging 30.91% and had a good correlation (t = -0.505,P =0.621,r =0.990). The CNR was significantly higher in 3D and 2D magnitude-reconstructed groups than in 2D-PS group (3D and 2D magnitude-reconstructed images, 2D P5 image, 43.43±20.67 and 34.10±14.29, 7.59±2.59, respectively) (F = 24.376, P < 0.01). However, the contrast between normal and infracted myocardium was the highest in 2D-PS group with subjective visual evaluation (scores of 3D, 2D magnitude-reconstructed and 2D-PS images, 2.33, 2.13 and 2.73, respectively). On the other hand, the background noise on 2D-PS images was the highest in 3 groups (scores of 3 D, 2 D magnitude-reconstructed and 2 D-PS images, 2.67, 2.53 and 1.20, respectively). Conclusion The myocardial infarction ratio obtained with 3D MR imaging sequence is accurate, and the image quality is good.

Objective To assess the MR characterization of coronary microembolization (CME)in an animal model as well as the evolution using MR cardiac cine,first-pass perfusion,and delay enhancement imaging.Methods Coronary microembolization models were established through intracoronary infusion of 120 000 microspheres (42 μm)into the left anterior descending artery in 1 1 pigs. Coronary angiography was performed at baseline and immediately after the injection of microspheres.MR imaging was carried out at baseline,6 hours,and 1 week after microembolization.Then,postmortem evaluation was performed using NBT and HE staining.Re-sults Coronary angiography after the injection of microspheres showed normal-appearing epicardial arteries in all animals.Coronary microembolization caused a significant decline in systolic wall thickening of the microembolized myocardial segments on cine MR ima-ges [from (42.6±2.0)% at baseline to (20.3±2.3)% at 6 hours and (31.5±2.1)% at 1 week after CME;P < 0.001 for both]. First-pass perfusion deficit was visualized at 6 hours after microembolization,and was less pronounced at 1 week.Hyperenhanced myocardium was found on delay enhancement MRI at 6 hours after microembolization in microembolized segments,but was not shown at 1 week. The microinfarcts were detectable microscopically through HE staining but invisible for the naked eye on gross NBT specimen.Con-clusion Coronary microembolization may cause a persistent decline in myocardial contraction and its MR characterization may vary with different stages.A combined use of different cardiac MRI techniques and follow-up examinations may be helpful for evaluating myocardial impairment due to coronary microembolization.

Objective To isolate and culture the spontaneous ascites cells from Microtus fortis under artificial conditions, so as to investigate the molecular mechanism at the cell level. Methods The cells were isolated from spontaneous ascites of M. fortis artificially bred for 90 d,and were cultured and observed under a microscope. The differences of ascites cells among nor?mal,spontaneous ascites and schistosomiasis infected samples of M. fortis were compared. The lesion of tissue was observed si?multaneously. Results There were no obvious organ tissue lesions in M. fortis with spontaneous ascites,and the number and types of cells in peritoneal fluid were irregular and significantly changed. With the extension of culture time ,the colonies ap?peared and there were a large number of vacuole?like cells in the cultured medium and sequentially presenting proliferation ,de?formation,disintegration and the fiber?like changes and could be passaged 3-4 d only. Conclusion The cells from M. fortis with spontaneous ascites are similar to its abdominal cavity cells after infection of Schistosoma japonica.