Objective To study the selection of the follow-up care and related factors in stroke patients after acute treatment in general hospital. Methods A total of 230 acute stroke patients discharged from January to December, 2015, were reviewed. They were classified with age, modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score, referral options, etc., and the key consideration in the selection were compared. Results There were 125 patients needing referral. Referral increased while mRS worsening (P<0.05). The demand for the continuation of rehabilita-tion was higher in the patients with mRS scores of 0-1 and 2-3 than that of 4-5 (F=4.300, P<0.05), but the latter cared more about medical quality (F=3.464, P<0.05) and hospitalization length (F=3.692, P<0.05). The patients more than 80 years old cared more about medical qual-ity (F=4.630, P<0.05). The patients selecting continuous treatment in our hospital paid more attention on continuation (F=7.590, P<0.001), while those selecting rehabilitation institutions cared more about rehabilitation capacity (F=32.156, P<0.001), and those selecting communi-ty hospitals or nursing home cared more about hospitalization length (F=18.823, P<0.001), easy to visit (F=14.070, P<0.001), etc. Referral information mainly came from the doctors (72.0%), only 28.0% from the patients. Conclusion Severity of disability, age and the prognosis may impact the choice for the following rehabilitation in acute stroke patients. Doctors can do more for reasonable referral recommendations to the patients.

Objective To study the feasibility, safety, tolerance and the effectiveness of constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) in early cerebral infarction, and the long-term outcome.Methods 2 weeks after cerebral infarction, 22 patients with upper extremity weakness were divided into treatment group (11 cases, accepted CIMT) and control group (11 cases, accepted routine rehabilitation). They were assessed with Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT), Motor Activity Log (MAL) and Barthel Index (BI) before and 2 weeks, 3 months after treatment. Results The scores of FMA, WMFT, MAL and BI improved in both group (P<0.05), but more in the treatment group (P<0.05). 3 months after treatment, the score of MAL quality was no different between two group.Conclusion CIMT is safe and effective for early cerebral infarction, and more effective than routine immediately, but it is similar 3 months later.

Background The pollution of agricultural products and the health risks caused by metals have become a hot spot of social concern. As China's main economic agricultural products, peppers are essential for health risk assessment. Objective By exploring the enrichment of common metals in different varieties of peppers in major growing areas of China, a bioavailability-based approach is used to assess dietary health risks of common metals in groups with different characteristics. Methods Through random sampling method, dried pepper samples from major pepper growing areas of China were purchased from the market, and were divided into Hippophae, Capsicum annuum, Magnoliopsida, Capsicum frutescens var, and Capsicum by morphological taxonomy, and a total of 667 batches of peppers were collected. Six common metals arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) were evaluated; physiologically based extraction test was designed to estimate the bioavailability of the metals in peppers and their associated dietary health risks were assessed. Results The concentrations of metals Cd and Ni in pepper exceeded the limits of China, and the disqualification rates were 6.1% and 22.7% respectively. The other metals were within the safe range; there were differences in the concentrations of As, Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn among different pepper varieties (P<0.05). The order of bioavailability of the six metals in pepper from high to low was As (57.9%)>Cd (43.07%)>Zn (42.74%)>Pb (38.04%)>Ni (31.97%)>Cu (31.4%). Based on bioavailability, when the metal concentration in pepper was at the median level, the order of hazard quotient of metals in pepper was Cu>Cd>As>Ni>Zn>Pb, and at the 90th quantile level, the order was Cd>As>Cu>Ni>Zn>Pb; the hazard quotient of single metal element and the total target hazard quotient of combined metal elements were both less than 1, and these indicators of adults were higher than those of children. Conclusion In the collected pepper samples, the non-carcinogenic health risks of single metal elements and multiple metal elements are in the safe range. Based on gastrointestinal bioavailability, the dietary health risk of pepper is further reduced.

Objective To investigate the expressions of platelet activation-dependent granule membrane protein and platelet-derived growth factor receptor-αB, and the ultra-microstructure changes of platelets in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI). Method The expressions of platelet activationdependent granule of glycoprotein (CD62P)and platelet derived growth factor receptor αβ subtype (PDGFR-αβ)of platelets in peripheral blood in 36 patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI) hospitalized and another 34 healthy subjects over the same period (control group) were investigated by flow cytometry and data were analyzed. The changes of ultra microstructure and activity of blood platelets in those patients and control group were observed under the scanning electron microscope. Results The expressions of CD62P and PDGFR-αβin patients with STEMI group before treatment were (3.65 ± 1.87) % and (0.43 ± 0.39) %, respectively, and those after treatment were (0.96 ± 0.79) % and (0.28 ± 0. 24) %, respectively, whereas those in control group were (0.67 ± 0.35) % and (0.27 ± 0.22) %, respectively, which were much lower in control than those in patients with STEMI before treatment (P ＜ 0.01 or P ＜ 0.05) respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the expressions of CD62P and PDGFR-αβ in patients group between pre-treatment and posttreatment (P ＜0.01 or P ＜0.05), respectively. Obvious ultra-microstructure changes of platelet surface in patients with STEMI group were observed. Conclusions Due to platelet activation in AMI, the expressions of CD62P can be used as effective indicators for monitoring coronary heart disease, and the PDGFR-αβ can be used as a reference indicator. The platelet surface ultra-microstructure changes during platelet activation in patients with AMI can be found by scanning electron microscopy.

Objective:To study the relationship between the relevant chemical elements in the original surface drinking water sources and the prevalence of dental fluorosis in Bijie City, Guizhou Province, and to provide a scientific basis for further studying the distribution of dental fluorosis patients, clarifying the mechanism of endemic fluorosis, and scientifically adjusting relevant prevention and treatment policies.Methods:From August 2021 to March 2022, based on the local census data of endemic fluorosis in Guizhou Province, 385 samples of original surface drinking water sources were collected in 214 townships (towns) of Bijie City. The pH value, and contents of fluorine (F), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), arsenic (As), molybdenum (Mo), cadmium (Cd), barium (Ba), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), and selenium (Se) in the drinking water were determined. Taking the dental fluorosis index representing the prevalence of dental fluorosis as the dependent variable, a principal component multiple regression model was constructed based on the above chemical elements of drinking water to study the related factors affecting the prevalence of dental fluorosis, and its contribution rate was calculated.Results:The median of dental fluorosis index in 214 townships (towns) of Bijie City was 1.460. The average of pH values and contents of F, Ca, Mg, Al, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Mo, Cd, Ba and Pb of 385 drinking water samples were 6.369, and 0.209, 179.706, 16.198, 0.163, 0.987, 0.015, 0.073, 0.176, 0.027, 0.014, 0.191, 0.007, 0.005, 0.003, 0.001, 0.155, 0.005 mg/L, respectively. Six principal components ( F1 - F6) were extracted by principal component regression analysis, and the cumulative contribution rate was 72.05%. After multiple linear regression analysis, the chemical elements in drinking water were positively correlated with the prevalence of dental fluorosis in the order of Se, Fe, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cd and Cu, and negatively correlated with the prevalence of dental fluorosis in the order of Ba, F, Ti, Mo, Zn, Al, Pb, Ca, As and Mg. Conclusions:The chemical properties in drinking water of endemic fluorosis areas in Bijie City have obvious synergistic or antagonistic effects on the occurrence and prevalence of dental fluorosis in this area. The F in the drinking water may not play a decisive role in the occurrence and prevalence of local dental fluorosis.