Aim To study whether or not the green tea catechins(EGCG)has physiological benefits and the underling protective mechanism.Methods The subunit protein levels of ?4、?7 of nAChR were detected by BCA protein assay,Dot Blot assay and MTT assay.Results The results showed that the green tea catechins can significantly reduce the subunit protein levels of nAChR and decrease the cell activity induced by A?1-40.Conclusions EGCG can provide neuroprotection in vitro by up-regulating nAChR sununit levels and inhibiting the neurotoxin of A?1-40.

Aim To observe the protective effects of epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG)on cortical neurons of embryonic mice the injury by FeSO4/H2O2 in vitro.Methods The cell injury model was established with FeSO4/H2O2 for 24 h.The process of the growth and morphology of the neurons were observed under phase contrast microscope in vitro.The cell survival was analyzed using colormetric neutral red assay.The cortical neuronal viability was analyzed using MTT assay.TBARS method was performed to detect the levels of Malondialdehyde(MDA).The composing capacity of total protein was measured by BCA method.Results As compared with FeSO4/H2O2,EGCG enhanced the mouse cortical neuronal survivality and viability,decreased the levels of MDA and increased the composing capacity of total protein.Conclusion EGCG exerted protective effects on cortical neurons the injury induced by FeSO4/H2O2,which may be related to free radial scavenging activity and lipid peroxidation process being inhabited.

Objective To investigate tbe pharmacodynamics of different local anesthetics administered intrathecally for caesarean section. Methods Ninety-six parturients with singleton term pregnancies undergoing caesarean section under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia were enrolled in this study. The patients were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 32 each ) and received intrathecal (IT) 0.5 % bupivacaine, 0.5 %levobupivacaine and 0.5% ropivacaine respectively. The initial doses was 9 mg in all 3 groups. The ratio of two successive doses was 0.9. If the upper sensory block reached T7 or above and there was no need for additional dose in the 45 min after the initial dose, the IT analgesia was considered to be effective. The median effective dose ( ED50 ), the 95 % effective dose( ED95) and 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI )were calculated by Dixon. Results The ED50 and ED95 and 95%CI of bupivacaine were 6.15 (95%CI 5.48-6.68) mg and 7.62 (95%CI 6.91-11.82) mg; of levobupivacaine were 8.06 (95%CI 7.46-8.62) mg and 9.59 (95%CI 8.86-13.42) mg;of ropivacaine were 10.55 (95%CI 9.73-11.49) mg and 12.80 (95%CI 11.66-21.42) mg. The relative potency potency ratio between bupivacaine, levobupivacaine and rupivacaine is 1.00:0.76:0.58.

ObjectiveTo explore and establish pre-hospital scoring system (respiration, pulse,motor and burn, RPMB) for evaluation of coal mine gas explosion injury. MethodsAfter analysis of characteristics of blast injury caused by coal mine gas explosion, a new pre-hospital scoring system,RPMB, for evaluation of blast injury was established on the basis of pre-hospital evaluation of coal mine injuries (respiration, pulse and motor, RPM). From January 2003 to December 2009, 251 patients with blast injury caused by coal mine gas explosion were collected in this study for a retrospective study. ISS≥16 points was set as the gold standard for severe wound. All the injuries were assessed by RPMB, RMP,pre-hospital index (PHI) and trauma triage rule (TTR). The consistency and detection rate of severe wounds were compared. The sensitivity and specificity were also calculated. ResultsOf 251 patients,41 patients were evaluated as severe, with high consistency rate between AIS-ISS and RPMB (kappa =0.985). The sensitivity of RPMB, RPM, PHI and TTR was 97.6％, 26.8％ , 22.0％ and 17.1％ respectively and the specificity of those was 88. 1 ％ , 97.6％ , 87.6％ and 95.7％ respectively. ConclusionRPMB is a simple and easy scoring method, with high detection rate of severe wound and potential of clinical applications.

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanism of huoxuexiaoying tablet on experimental goiter of rats. Methods The rats were randomly divided into six groups: the control, the model control group, huoxuexiaoying tablet at different doses,and the sodium levothyroxine group ( Euthyrox group) . Except for the rats in the control,the rats in other groups were given with propylthiouracil (20 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 ) by intragastric ( i. g. ) administration every day for 60 days. Meanwhile, some rats were treated with huoxuexiaoying tablet at low (4. 4 g·kg-1·d-1),middle (8. 8 g·kg-1·d-1) and high dose (17. 6 g·kg-1 ·d-1 ) orally,and those in the Euthyrox group were given with 7. 8μg·kg-1 ·d-1 Euthyrox by i. g. administration. The rats in the control group were administrated with the same volume of saline (N. S). After 60 days of treatment,the rats were sacrificed,the organ indexes of thyroid and pituitary and the levels of free triiodothyronine ( FT3 )、free thyroxin ( FT4 ) and thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH) in serum,were tested. The expression of basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF),transforming growth factor-β( TGF-β) and B-cell lymphoma 2 gene ( Bcl-2 ) were examined by immunofluorescence. Results Compared with the model,organ indexes of thyroid were significantly reduced by huoxuexiaoying tablet at three doses (P<0. 05),but not for the pituitary (P>0. 05). The levels of FT3 and FT4 were in a elevating trend,but TSH decreased with no significance (P>0. 05). The morphological structure of thyroid was greatly improved by huoxuexiaoying tablet in comparison with the model. In which the gland dilated,thyroid follicular restored to moderate size,epithelia were cubic or flattened and follicular cavity filled with abundant glial. The expression of bFGF and Bcl-2 decreased significantly (P<0. 01) while TGF-β expression increased notably (P<0. 01). Conclusion Huoxuexiaoying tablet has a great anti-goiter effect,the mechanism of which may be related to promoting thyroid cells apoptosis and inhibiting thyroid cells proliferation.

Objective:To apply the best evidence for prevention and management of enteral nutrition feeding intolerance in patients after upper gastrointestinal surgery to clinical practice and to evaluate its clinical effects.Methods:Guided by the clinical evidence practice application model of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Evidence-based Healthcare Centre in Australia, the best appropriate evidence was selected based on expert advice and evidence-based practice protocols were developed. The convenient sampling method was adopted to select 84 patients and 21 nurses who were admitted to the Department of General Surgery in a Class Ⅲ Grade A hospital in Taiyuan from September to December 2020 as the research objects. A baseline review of 42 patients and 21 nurses admitted from September to October 2020 was conducted, and education, training and quality supervision were conducted to promote practice change. A total of 42 patients and 21 nurses (same as before) admitted from November and December 2020 were reviewed. Incidence of enteral feeding intolerance, the time to recovery of intestinal function, the knowledge, attitude and practice of nurses towards prevention and management of enteral feeding intolerance and implementation of audit indicators among nurses were compared before and after the application of the program.Results:The incidence of abdominal distension, diarrhea and feeding intolerance in patients after the application of the evidence was lower than that in patients before the application of the evidence, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) . The first anal exhaust time and first anal defecation time of patients after the application of the evidence were (59.02±17.19) and (68.10±19.98) h, which were shorter than those before the application of evidence (78.79±22.34) and (82.76±22.35) h, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.01) . After the application of the evidence, the scores of all dimensions of nurses' knowledge, belief and practice questionnaire for the prevention and management of feeding intolerance were higher than those before the application of evidence, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . The implementation rates of the 11 audit indicators were improved from 0-78.57% to 80.95%-100%. Conclusions:The best-evidence based prevention and management strategies of enteral nutrition intolerance in patients after upper gastrointestinal surgery can be applied to clinical practice to standardize the work behavior of nurses in implementing enteral nutrition and reduce the incidence of feeding intolerance in patients.

OBJECTIVETo study the growth characteristics of different germplasm and analyze the correlation between morphologic and individual yield of Isatis indigotica.

METHODThe planting samples were collected during the growth period, morphological characteristics and root yield per plant in 13 germplasm of I. indigotica from all over the country were determined by correlation and path analysis.

RESULTThe growth characteristics of various I. indigotica germplasm were consistent. The difference of morphological characteristics and root yield with various germplasm were significant. The root yield per plant was positively correlated to the main root length and the number of individual plant leaves.

CONCLUSIONThe number of leaves per plant and root length are selected for high-yield lines, meanwhile, leaf length and leaf diameter are important factors for breeding high-yield lines as well.

Biomass ; China ; Isatis ; anatomy & histology ; genetics ; growth & development ; Plant Leaves ; anatomy & histology ; genetics ; growth & development ; Plant Roots ; anatomy & histology ; genetics ; growth & development

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of sowing date on morphologic characteristics, yield and quality of Radix Isatidis, in order to provide a basis for selection of the suitable sowing date.

METHODThe experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design arranged in split plot, the phonological period of Isatis indigotica was investigated and the morphological indexes, yield and quality at harvest were measured and determined by correlation and variance analysis.

RESULTThe different sowing dates showed a great effect on phonological period of I. indigotica. The biological characteristics, yield and active components of Radix Isatidis were negatively correlated with the sowing date, and the difference of morphological characteristics, yield and active compositions with sowing date was significant.

CONCLUSIONThe suitable sowing date of I. indigotica was during the period of time from late March to beginning of the April in Fuyang area, and considering the factors of rational rotation, the time cloud delayed until late May to the beginning of June.

Agriculture ; methods ; Biomass ; Isatis ; anatomy & histology ; growth & development ; Plant Roots ; anatomy & histology ; growth & development ; Seasons ; Time Factors

Objective To study the chemical components in the leaves of Lyciu mbarbarum(Barbary Wolfberry,Gouqi).Methods Aftersuspensionofthecrudeextractfromleavesby70%alcohol,the extraction was performed with petroleum ether,ethyl acetate and n-butanol successively.Then repeated silica gel column chromatography,Sephadex LH-20 chromatography,preparative HPLC and thin layer chromatography were applied for isolation and purification of the compounds in ethyl acetate and n-buta-nol extracts.Chemical structures of the compounds were identified by physical properties and spectra a-nalysisincluding NMRand ESI-MS.Results Atotal10 componentswereidentified:4-methoxybenzoic acid (1),4-methoxycinnamic acid (2),scopoletin (3),4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (4),4′-hydroxyaceto-phenone (5 ),(Z)-2-ethylidene-3-methylsuccinic acid (6 ),quercetin (7 ),adenosine (8 ),scopolin (9),rutin(10).Conclusion 1,2,4,6,8wereisolatedforthefirsttimefromLyciumL.,and3,5, 9 were isolated from Lycium barbarum L.for the first time.

Objective To analyze the anxiety level of parents and influencing factors in patients with phenylketonuria ( PKU) , in order to provide references for providing good psychological intervention methods for patients′parents.Methods Totally 122 parents of patients with PKU in China-Japan Frieadship hospital from March 2014 to March 2015 were selected and investigated. The anxiety level of patients and the proper influencing factors were surveyed by self-designed questionnaires and self-rating anxiety scale ( SAS ) . The influencing factors were analyzed by Logistic regression analysis. Results The results showed that the mean score of anxiety level of the PKU parents was (61.3±12.4) points, in which 66.4% were beyond 50 points, while 2. 5% was beyond 75 points. The proper influencing factors included the children′ recent clinical manifestation, parents′ understanding of disease and the social support degree. Conclusions The parents′anxiety level is significantly higher than normal people, and their anxiety level is associated with many influencing factors. So the health nursing workers should pay more attention to the parents′mental states and give necessary interventions to encourage their actively cooperation with doctors to achieve the common goals.