Objective To evaluate the safety of CT guided percutaneous lung biopsy in the elderly,and to analyze the risk factors for its complications.Methods Totally 204 elderly patients aged ≥65 years underwent transthoracic needle biopsy under CT guidance.Clinical data,complication and its risk factors were analyzed retrospectively.Results The complications included pneumothorax accounting for 15.2％ (31/204),hemoptysis 21.6％ (44/204),and no mortality was found.Logistic regression analysis showed that needle path ≥5.00 cm,lesion size ≤2.00 cm and emphysema around the lesion were the independent risk factors for postoperative pneumothorax (OR=4.05,2.54 and 3.97,all P＜0.05).Meanwhile,the enhancement degree by CT ＞40 HU,needle path ≥5.00 cm and lesion size ≤2.00 cm were the independent risk factors for postoperative bleeding (OR=2.27,2.82 and 2.33,all P＜0.05) in elderly patients undergoing lung biopsy.The sensitivity and specificity for postoperative pneumothorax and bleeding obtained by forecasting equation were 87.1％ and 49.1％,54.5％ and 80.8％ respectively.Conclusions The length of needle path,lesion size and emphysema around the lesion are correlated with pneumothroax,and length of needle path,lesion size and the CT enhancement degree are correlated with bleeding after percutaneous lung biopsy in the elderly.

In this study, the implementation methods for the several functions are explored on RayStation 4.0 Platform. Those functions are passing the information such as ROI names to a plan prescription Word file. passing the file to RayStation for plan evaluation; passing the evaluation result to form an evaluated report file. The result shows the RayStation scripts can exchange data with Word, as well as control the running of Word and the content of a Word file. Consequently, it's feasible for scripts to inactive with third party softwares upgrade the performance of RayStation itself.
Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted ; Software

Objectives: To study the executive function (EF) profiles in children with ADHD. Methods: 1.We used some neuropsychological tests,including Stroop test, visual and auditory Go/No-Go tasks, digits reciting inverse, delayed spacial position memory span test, tower of London (TOL), tail making test (TMT),to evaluate the capacity of response inhibition, phonological working memory, visual-spacial working memory, planning and set-shifting of subjects. Results: 1.The ADHD children spent more time to accomplish color naming when the word color was inconsistent with the word meaning than normal control (NC) in Stroop test(p﹤0.05). 2.The ADHD children made more errors than NC in both visual and auditory Go/No-Go test(p﹤0.01). 3.The scores of digits reciting inverse was lower in ADHD than NC(p﹤0.01). 4.The representation of ADHD was poorer than NC in delayed spacial position memory span test(p﹤0.01). 5. In TOL test, the ADHD children spent more time in all of two-move, four-move and five-move tasks than NC, and broke rules more frequently than NC(p﹤0.05). 6.In TMT, the ADHD children spent more time and made more errors on part B than NC(p﹤0.05), and there was no significant difference on part A (p﹥0.05). Conclusions: The obvious impaired executive functions are found in children with ADHD, involving poor response inhibition,impaired working memory, dysfunction of planning and set-shifting.

Objective:To assess the life quality of the patients with tongue cancer after operation.Methods:80 cases of tongue cancer following surgery during 1994 to 1998 were reviewed with questionaire.Scords of University of Washington Quality o f Life (UW-QOL) were analysed to evaluate their life quality.Results:(1) 3-year survival rate was 72.5%,higher survival rate was observed in the patients with I and II stage lesion than those with Ⅲ and Ⅳ stages.(2) 58 cases of survivers had UW-QOL average score of 618. Some patients had serious disability in mastication, swallowing,speaking and shoulder movement.(3)Patients retaining mandible or with skin flap repair had higher quality of life than the others.Conclusion:Following surgery,tongue cancer patients still maintain comparatively high quality of life.Reconstruction of mandibular or tongue is very importent for the life quality of the patients.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinicopathological features and the differential diagnosis of poroma and porocarcinoma.

METHODSHistopathological characteristics and clinical data of 35 cases of poroma and 10 cases of porocarcinoma were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSThe average age of 35 patients of poroma was 48 years. The average age of 10 patients of porocarcinoma was 65 years. Both poroma and porocarcinoma occured most frequently on the scalp and face,as well as the extremities. Histologically, cases of poroma were divided into three subtypes, including classic poroma (23 cases), hidroacanthoma simplex (3 cases) and dermal duct tumor (9 cases). Residual foci of benign poroma were found in all cases of porocarcinoma, most of which were classic poroma. The malignant components showed severe dysplasia and/or stromal infiltration.

CONCLUSIONThe diagnosis of poroma and porocarcinoma is mainly based on the microscopic characteristics. An invasive architectural pattern and/or significant cytologic pleomorphism are the most important clues for the diagnosis of porocarcinoma. Neither focal mitotic activity nor the presence of necrosis was the diagnostic feature of porocarcinoma. Malignant transformation can occur in some cases of long existing poroma with recent, rapid tumor enlargement.

Aged ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Eccrine Porocarcinoma ; pathology ; Extremities ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; pathology ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Poroma ; pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Scalp ; Skin Neoplasms ; pathology ; Sweat Gland Neoplasms ; pathology

Objective To control the image quality and to optimize the scan protocols of 64 multi-slice CT coronary imaging by analyzing factors that influence the image quality.Methods Seventy-eight patients with known or suspected CAD underwent CT coronary angiography using 64 multi-slice CT.The image quality in those cases was analyzed retrospectively to derive the optimized scan protocols.The application value of the override function was discussed.The dependency of cardiac reconstruction algorithms and corresponding image quality on patient heart rates was analyzed.In addition,the relationship between heart rate and the contrast-enhancement effect was studied.Results(1)Correct use of override function could improve the quality of cardiac images.(2)For patients with heart rates below 70 beats per minute,the image quality of single-segment reconstruction was satisfactory.For patients with heart rates between 70 and 79 beats per minute,the scores of images reconstructed with two-segments were better than that of single-segment reconstruction.(3)In the group with averaged heart rate of 60.7 beats per minute,the forecast contrast quantity of 70 ml was judged insufficient in 65.7%(23/35)cases;while for the group with averaged heart of 71.1 beats per minute,52.9%(18/34)cases were enhanced well.Conclusion The use of override function,correct segment mode and appropriate contrast quantity could be selected according to the heart rate,which could improve the image quality and reliability.

Objective To investigate the expression of angiotensinⅡ (Ang Ⅱ ) and its type 1 receptor (AT1) in circulation, placenta and kidney of the rots preeclampsia. Methods Preedampsia rat model was developed by inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (L-NAME). The systolic blood pressure (SBP), 24 h urine protein, hepatic and renal function were compared among the precelampsia group, the normal pregnant group and nonpregnant control group. The kidney tissue was observed by light microscopy. ELISA and radioimmunoassay were used to detect Ang Ⅱ in rat plasma and kidney homogenate respectively. Placental AT1 was measured by Westem blot. The level of kidney AT1 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Results In preeclampsia rats, SBP and 24 h urine protein were significantly higher compared with control groups. Compared to normal pregnant group, plasma Ang Ⅱ of preeclampsia rats was much higher [(0.706±0.086) ng/L vs (0.540±0.085) ng/L, P＜0.05]; placental AT1 was increased by 46%(P＜ 0.05); kidney Ang Ⅱ was decreased signigicantly [(65.543±40.634) ng/g vs (165.543±33.078) ng/g, P＜0.05]. The expression of ATI in kidney of preeclampsia rats was reduced evidently,which was only 33% of normal pregnancy group and 59% of nonpregnant control greup,respeetively (P＜0.05). Conclusions In preeclampsia rat model, the circulating Ang Ⅱ is increased, the placental RAS isactivated, while the kidney BAS is suppressed. The underlying mechanism of proteinuria and kidney damage associated with this phenomenon in preeclampsia needs further research.

Objective To analyze clinicopathologic features and malignant transformation of spiradenoma (SA).Methods Clinicopathologic data on 25 cases of SA were retrospectively analyzed.An immunohistochemical study was conducted on 5 of the 25 patients.Clinicopathologic features of SA were summarized based on clinicopathologic data,immunohistochemical results and relevant literature.Results The average age of these patients was 40 years.Lesions were acquired and solitary in 24 cases (96％,24/25),and occurred most frequently in the extremities.The diameter of tumors was less than 2 cm in 20 cases (87％,20/23).Twenty-three cases were benign SA with various histological manifestations,including 15 cases (65％,15/23) of typical SA,8 cases (35％,8/23) of cylindroma.VarTing numbers of mitotic figures were observed in different cases.The immunohistochemical study showed epithelial and myoepithelial differentiation.Two cases of SA experienced malignant transformation into poorlydifferentiated basal cell adenocarcinoma and well-differentiated adenocarcinoma respectively.Lymphocytes decreased significantly in number or disappeared in the malignant area,and both the malignant tumors exceeded 2 cm in diameter.Conclusions SA is a kind of neoplasm with distinct histological characteristics and nonspecific clinical manifestations.Most SA cases have a benign clinical course,but malignant transformation should be considered in some cases with longterm clinical course and large size.

Objective To explore the feasibility ,effectiveness ,recurrence rate and complications ,etc .of endoscopic retrograde stenting in treating acute appendicitis .Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on seven patients with the clinical diagnosis of acute appendicitis ,complying with the following treatment steps :(1) normal saline for high cleansing enema in 2-3 times ;(2) en-doscopically douching ileocecal junction and observing the opening of appendix ;(3) placing the guide wire into the opening of appen-dix under the guidance of imaging tube ,and then conducting angiography imaging ;(4) repeatedly douching with metronidazole;(5) implant the appendix stent ,draining the inflammatory secretions out and then douching ;(6 ) observing postoperative abdominal pain ,fever ,bowel and other conditions;(7) reviewing with the enteroscopy and removing the stent 2 weeks later .At 2 before the surgery and 48 after it ,all patients were administrated with antibiotics for anti-infective treatment .The follow-up was made from 8-15 months after the surgery .Results Among these 7 patients ,4 patients had successful appendix stenting :the abdominal pain sig-nificantly alleviated after the surgery ;the proportional level of white blood cells(WBC)recovered during 24-48 after the surgery .15 after discharge ,two patients returned to hospital and their appendix stent removal was successful;during the operation ,smooth mu-cosa at the opening of appendix was observed .The stents of two patients spontaneously fell off ,and normal morphology of the ap-pendix opening was observed at review .During the postoperative follow-up of 8-15 months ,one patient relapsed and underwent sur-gical treatment in the general surgery department .The other three patients did not undergo appendix stenting due to the unsuccess-ful intubation .Conclusion The treatment of acute appendicitis with endoscopic stenting has the advantages of little trauma ,high safety and significant efficacy .However ,this method still requires large-scale and multicenter randomized controlled clinical trials to evaluate its feasibility and long-term efficacy .

Objective To investigate the changes of CD4+ CD25+ CD127low regulatory T cells (Treg) in peripheral blood samples collected from the patients with cervical cancer and its clinical signifi -cance , and to evaluate the correlations between Treg cells and the infection of high-risk human papillomavir-us ( HR-HPV) .Methods Flow cytometry analysis was performed to measure the percentages of CD4+ CD25+ CD127low Treg cells among CD4+T cells in peripheral blood samples collected from 249 patients with cervical cancer , 30 patients with cervix intraepithelial neoplasia ( CIN) and 60 healthy subjects .The corre-lations between the levels of Treg cells and the clinicopathological features of cervical cancer were analyzed . Flow-through hybridization and gene chip technology ( HybriMax) were used to analyze the genotypes of HPV strains isolated from the 339 subjects.The correlations between Treg cells and HR-HPV infection were ana-lyzed.Results Compared with the healthy subjects , the patients with cervical cancer or CIN showed higher percentages of CD4+ CD25+ CD127low Treg cells and rates of HR-HPV infection (P<0.01).The percentages of CD4+ CD25+ CD127low Treg cells in patients with cervical cancer were significantly correlated with the sta-ges of cervical cancer , which was staged by the Federation International of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging system,and the degrees of differentiation (P<0.05).The percentages of CD4+ CD25+ CD127low Treg cells in the peripheral blood of patients with positive HR-HPV were significantly higher than those in patients without HR-HPV infection (P<0.01).Conclusion The CD4+ CD25+ CD127low Treg cells in peripheral blood might play an important role in the oncogenesis and development of cervical carcinoma , thus it could be used as a potential marker for the evaluation of disease progression .Moreover , the CD4+ CD25+ CD127low Treg cells were closely related to the HR-HPV infection.