Objective: To observe the effects of reliving cancerous pain with mitomycin C(MMC). Method:Sixteen patients with terminal cancerous pain received epidural, sacral or neuroplexus administration of MMC 4-8mg (concentration:1-2mg/ml) once a day or every other day, lasting 3-4times and degree of pain relief was evaluated. In different concentration solutions of MMC and normal saline, the pathologic changes of separated nerve of live body in sharp dissection, immersed for 1-24hours (37℃), was observed under microscope. Result: All patients got a good pain relief for 2-6 weeks, nine of them did not required any narcotic analgesic, the other cases needed analgesics, but the dosage required was reduced by 1/2-1/3 and adverse effects did not occur. Pathologic results showed that nerve fiber atrophy appeared with range disturbance, neurilemma changes were dominated by fatty degeneration. Conclusion: MMC can relive cancerous pain,through producing fatty degeneration of neurilemma to reduce excitatory transmission and alleviating nervous constriction of tumor.

Objective To analyze the MR signs of primary subdural extramedullary tumors so as to improve the correct diagnostic rate.Methods MR signs of 40 cases with primary neoplasms of extramedullary were studied retrospectively.All cases were verified by surgery. Results Neurinoma,neurofibroma,meningioma,lipoma and teratoman had specific MR features in location,size,shape,edge,signal and enhancement change. Conclusion Primary subdural extramedullary tumors can be correctly diagnosised.

Objective To analyse MRI findings of multicentric craniopharyngioma and improve knowledge to it. Methods MRI and Gd-DTPA enhanced SE T 1WI scaning were performed in 4 cases of multicentric craniopharyngioma proved by surgery and pathology before operation, PDWI scaning were performed in 2 cases.Results MRI manifestations of multicentric Craniopharyngioma is the tumors of Parenchymal -predominant mixed in the sella turcica region or Suprasellar region as the center focus in 4 cases, and different cystic focus were also found in the di-temporal lobe,the basis of anterior cranium fossa,the anterior part of third ventricle,the pontine cistern, the caudate nucleus.Cystic-Parenchymal focus has low-iso mixed signal on T 1WI and high-low mixed signal on T 2WI;cystic focus of the tumors had different signal,signal ranges form low up to high on T 1WI,while high signal on T 2WI and from iso-signal to high on PDWI. After Gd-DTPA enhanced,annular wall enhancement were seen on cystic focus,Parenchymal focus appeared as uniform enhancement.Conclusion The multicentric craniopharyngioma growth performance is multi-origination growth with the sella turcica region or suprasellar region center, the MRI signal specialty of craniopharyngioma is related to ratio of cystic-consolidated and the contents of the cystic fluid.

Objective To optimize the preparation technology of ?-cyclodextrin inclusion complex of Oleum Viticis Negundo.Methods Orthogonal test was applied.With the inclusion rate and the content of 1,8-Cineole as the parame ters,L9(34) table was used to examine the effects of 4 factors:the proportion of Oleum Viticis Negundo and ?-cyclodextrin,inclusion temperature,inclusion time and the proportion of Oleum Viticis Negundo and water.Results The best condition was∶oil ∶ ?-cyclodextrin∶ water=1∶8∶70(ml∶g∶ml),stirring for 1.5 hour at 50 ℃.Conclusion Under the optimized condition,inclusion rate of Oleum Viticis Negundo is over 80%.

Objective: To establish the checking method for ginsenoside Rg 1 content in Radix Notoginseng and Qianliexiankang Capsules. Methods: Radix Notoginseng, Fructus Psoraleae and Fructus Forsythlae in Qianliexiankang Capsule were identified by TLC. The ginsenoside Rg 1 content in Qianliexiankang Capsules was determined by HPLC on HP Eclipse XDB C 18 column (4.6mm?150mm,3.5?m); using methanol water (55∶45) as a mobile phase; flow rate at 0.4ml/min; detection wavelength at 205nm. Results: The average recovery is 97.12% and RSD is 0.9% (n=5).Conclusion: The method is simple, sensitive, accurate and reproducible.

Objective To establish the reference range of serum human serum insulin levels in our laboratory and investigate measurement stability, Methods The automated Architect i2000 chemiluminescence immunoassay, calibrator and quality control materials were used to measure concentration of serum insulin. Totally 413 cases of healthy adults were enrolled. The physiologic characteristics and the influence of laboratory markers on insulin levels were analyzed. Then the reference range in our laboratory was established. The thermal stability of insulin at different temperatures was investigated. Results Within-run imprecision and between-day imprecision of the automated Architect i2000 insulin assay were 1.67% and 2. 6%, which indicated that this system had good analytical performance. The subjects were classified into 4 groups according to age range ( 10 years). There was no significant difference among four age groups (the median is 5. 6, 5.2, 5.3 and 5. 7 mU/L) (X<'2> = 1. 929,P >0.05). However, the insulin levels were higher in female ( median = 5.7 mU/L) than male ( median = 5.0 mU/L) ( Z = 3.696, P < 0.01 ). The reference range was established based on the 2. 5 and 97.5 percentile values. The reference range of insulin for female was 2. 6-11.8 mU/L and 2. 3-11.6 mU/L for men, which differed from that of other insulin assay. Insulin had a positive correlation with BMI (r =0. 115 ,P =0. 019) and triglyeeride (r =0.143 ,P = 0. 004), and a negative correlation with high density lipoprotein (r = -0.179, P = 0.000). Insulin was stable at 25 ℃ for at least 4 hours or 4 ℃ for 24 hours or could be extended to at least 7 days when stored at -20 ℃. Conclusion Gender is an important physiologic characteristic which has an impact on human serum insuhn level. Insulin reference range should be established according to gender. Insulin immunoreactivity was not very stable at different temperatures.

Objective To investigate variant types and the image features of MRA of intracranial branch of vertebral artery so that to improve the ability in understanding and diagnosing pons and medulla oblongata diseases.Methods Twenty one cases with the intracranial branch of anomaly vertebral artery were comfirmed by MRA.The anomaly types and MRA features,as well as the clincal symptoms were retrospeetively analyzed.Results MRA features of the intracranial branch of vertebral artery in one sides were as follows:Hypoplasia(n=7),Obliteration of some paragraphes(n=2),Sclerosis or increased tortuous and dilatation(n=9);brain stem compressed by the sclerotic vessel (n=3),angioma(n=3).All paticnts had dysfunction of cranionerves of brain stem in different degree and form.Conclusion MRA was a ideal and no tranmatic method to show the anomaly of the intracranial branch of vertebral artery

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of iohexol contrast agent in patients with malignant tumor by spiral CT scan combined with endoscopy.Methods 100 patients with pathologically confirmed malignancies were selected and randomly divided into two groups, with 50 cases in each group, the experimental group received iodohexanol contrast agent combined with spiral CT scan and endoscopy , the osmotic pressure of iohexol at 37℃600 mOsm/kg, 5 minutes before the injection of intravenous injection of 10 mg prophylaxis of dexamethasone, and then spiral CT scan was performed.The control group were treated with diatrizoate contrast agent combined with spiral CT scan and endoscopy.The osmotic pressure of diatrizoate was 1500 mOsm/kg at 37℃, and 10 mg of prophylactic drug dexamethasone was injected intravenously 5 minutes before the injection.And then a spiral CT scan was performed.Results The adverse reaction in experimental group was 4%, which was mild compared with 12% in control group ( P<0.05 ) .The tolerance and spiral CT image quality of experimental group were better than those of control group ( P<0.05 ) .Conclusion Iohexol contrast agent, whether adverse reaction or image quality than the effect of diatrizoate contrast agent , in the spiral CT scan combined with endoscopy in patients with malignant tumors of higher clinical value, can be more accurate diagnosis of malignant tumors.

Objective To investigate the effect of secondary transurethral electrocision for recurrent superficial bladder cancer.Methods One hundred and twenty patients with recurrent superficial bladder cancer were divided into experiment group and control group by random mechanical sampling method with 60 cases of each.Experiment group underwent secondary transurethral electrocision at 4 weeks after initial transurethral electrocision and received mitomycin bladder perfusion chemotherapy,control group patients underwent initial transurethral electrocision and received mitomycin bladder perfusion chemotherapy.The two groups' follow-up cystoscopy at 3-month intervals,the follow-up time was 6-34 (18.6 ± 6.5) months,the recurrence was compared between each other.Results Within the follow-up period,the recurrence rate in experiment group was significantly lower than that in control group [21.7％(13/60) vs.63.3％(38/60),P＜0.01].Of all the recurrent patients,high grade rumor (G2 and G3 grade) was mainly,the recurrence rate of high grade tumor in experiment group was significantly lower than that in control group [26.2％ (11/42) vs.70.0％(35/50),P ＜ 0.01].Conclusions Secondary transurethral electrocision can reduce the recurrence rate of superficial bladder cancer (especially for the high grade tumor),it can exactly make the classification of malignant tumors and find residual tumor.So it is valuable in the clinical treatment.

BACKGROUND:Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging can display the dispersion changes of peripheral nerve injury and be used to conduct quantitative research, so it has good application prospects in displaying the nerve injury and regeneration. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the possibility of magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging of rabbit acute sciatic nerve traction injury, and to figure out the value of diffusion tensor parameters in the diagnosis of peripheral nerve injuries and to reveal the pathologic basis. METHODS:The right hind limb sciatic nerves of 32 New Zealand white rabbits were selected to make the regeneration and repair models, the left hind limb nerves as the sham-operation side. Diffusion tensor imaging examination of sciatic nerves were performed at 1 and 3 days, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8 weeks after operation with 1.5 T MRI. Fractional anisotropy and apparent diffusion coefficient were measured through diffusion tensor tracing
reconstruction, and then the pathological examination was performed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Diffusion tensor imaging revealed only the proximal nerve, injured nerve as wel as the middle of the distal nerve at 1 day after traction injury. At 1 week, the nerve of distal portion appeared thinner and shorter fiber bundle. At 2-6 weeks after operation, the fiber bundle was increased and thickened. At 8 weeks after operation, the distal nerve fibers had nearly restored to the level before injury. There was significant difference in the fractional anisotropy value of traction portion and distal portions between traction injury and sham-operation group at 1 day-8 weeks after operation (P<0.05). While there was significant difference in the fractional anisotropy value of proximal traction portion between traction injury and sham-operation group 1 day-1 week after operation (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the apparent diffusion coefficient values between traction injury and sham-operation group at 1 day-8 weeks after operation. Fal of fractional anisotropy value in the early stage of nerve traction injury was the result of myelin sheath broke down and axonal disintegrated;recovery of fractional anisotropy value resulted from myelin sheath proliferated and myelin sheath grew slowly to mature. Diffusion tensor tracing can show the abnormal change of the sciatic nerve with traction injury in rabbit clearly and early, and the measurement of fractional anisotropy value can be used as the sensitive method to monitor the degeneration and regeneration after nerve traction injury.