BACKGROUND: Disuse osteoporosis is bone mass loss caused by muscular inactivity and reduced weight bearing. OBJECTIVE: To observe bone structure and mineral matter content as well as bone biomechanicai performance change at different time points during the development of disuse osteoporosis. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The present randomized, controlled, and self-controlled animal experimental was performed in the General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University between September and November 2003. MATERIALS: A total of 55 male Japanese rabbits, aged 8 months, weighing 2.5-3.0 kg were enrolled for this study. METHODS: The right hind limbs of 50 randomly selected rabbits were immobilized by cast (experimental sides). The corresponding left hind limbs were untouched (control sides). The remaining 5 rabbits were raised for 3 months, and their bilateral hind limbs were used for controls. Ten rabbits were sacrificed by intravenous injection of air at each time point (2, 4, 6, 8, and 12 weeks after immobilization). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Mechanical test was performed on bilateral tibiofibula for determination of calcium content. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and Masson staining of bilateral metatarsal bones were performed for histological observation. RESULTS: There was significant difference in indices of tibiofibula on the experimental sides, including maximum loading, elastic modulus, and calcium content among different time points, while significant difference also existed between the experimental side and the blank controls (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in above-mentioned indices between the control side and blank controls as well as between control sides (P＞0.05). The experimental side limbs exhibited thinned cortical bone, increased pores, sparse and fine trabecular bone with several fragmentations, expanded medullary cavity, and increased osteoblasts. Masson staining results demonstrated that with disuse time going, collagen was decreasingly formed. The control side and blank control limbs showed thickened metatarsal bone and cortical bone, a few pores, and compactly arranged trabecular bone with normal structure. CONCLUSION: During the development of disuse osteoporosis, calcium content and the entire biomechanical performance are gradually and slowly decreased to accommodate the stress environment and functional status.

China Food and Drug Administration didn't issue any guideline on the pre-clinical study of drug-eluting coronary stent system, the basic requirement of the authorized administration was summarized to help manufacture prepare the document during the registration process.
China ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; methods ; Drug-Eluting Stents ; Guidelines as Topic

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of Cigu Xiaozhi pills on expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in rat with nonalcoholic steatoheptatitis (NASH).

METHODFifty male SD rats were divided randomly into five groups: the normal group (n = 10), the model group (n = 10), the high dosage group (n = 10) and the little dosage group of the treatment (n = 10), Dongbao Gantai group (n = 10). Rats in normal control group were fed with standard diet. Rats in other four groups were established models of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and were treated simultaneously with traditional Chinese medicine and positive medicine. Histopathological changes in the liver were observed. The serum ALT, AST, TG, TC and hepatic MDA, SOD, GPX were detected histologically. The expression of TNF-alpha in the liver was determined using the immunohistochemical technique and RT-PCR.

RESULTIn model group, extensive adipose degeneration and inflammatory cell infiltration were found in the liver. In treatment groups steatohepatitis were markedly alleviated. Compared with model group, TG, TC, ALT, AST of the serum and MDA of liver tissue were reduced significantly, and SOD, GPX were increased significantly in treatment groups and positive control group (P < 0.05). TNF-alpha was not expressed almost in normal rat liver and was expressed highly in model rat liver. Compared with model group, the TNF-alpha mRNA and protein expression were significantly lower in liver of treatment groups and positive control group (P < 0.05). And the effects of high dosage group surpass than those of Dongbao Gantai group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONTNF-alpha plays an important role in NASH pathogenesis. Cigu Xiaozhi pills can effectively treat experimental nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in rats, and its mechanism may be associated with ameliorating hepatocellular steatosis, removing the free radicals and enhancing the capability of anti-oxidation and anti-inflammatory.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Fatty Liver ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; Humans ; Lipid Peroxidation ; drug effects ; Liver ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; genetics ; metabolism

During the past years transcatheter aortic valve replacement has evolved to a promising technique for the treatment of the patients who suffered from severe aortic stenosis, the progress and basic consideration on clinical study have been summarized in the article.
Aortic Valve ; physiopathology ; Aortic Valve Stenosis ; therapy ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Heart Valve Prosthesis ; Humans ; Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement

Objective To collect domestic and foreign literatures on mini-invasive total hiparthroplasty (THA) and conventional THA so as to assay the clinical outcomes of the two treatments usingMeta analysis.Methods Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of mini-invasive THA and conventionalTHA that met the inclusion criteria were collected in the computer-based retrieval combined with manualretrieval of databases such as MEDLINE,EMBASE,OVID,and ScienceDirect.Methodological qualityassessment of the included literatures was performed using Cochrane risk evaluation tool and Meta analysisof those literatures was made by employing RevMan 5.1 software.Two surgical approaches were comparedin regard of indices including postoperative Harris hip score,operation time,intraoperative blood loss andcomplications.Results The study involved 17 related articles (18 RCTs containing 1 560 patients),including 774 patients treated by mini-invasive THA and 786 by conventional THA.The study showedsignificant differences between mini-invasive THA and conventional THA in aspects of incision length[WMD=-5.93,95％ CI (-7.29,-4.57)],blood loss [SMD =-0.45,95％ CI (-0.77,-0.13)] and postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) [MD =-19.58,95％ CI (-26.38,-12.78)],whereas there were no significant differences regarding the postoperative Harris score [WMD =0.85,95％ CI (-3.50,5.20)],operation time [WMD=-0.99,95％ CI (-5.36,3.39)],blood transfusion volume [WMD =-66.29,95％ CI (-241.31,108.72)] and complication incidence rate [RR =1.01,95％ CI (0.61,1.66)].Conclusions Mini-invasive THA offers advantages of smaller incision,less intraoperative blood loss and milder postoperative pain over conventional THA but has similar effect with conventional THA in aspects of Harris hip score,operation duration,blood transfusion volume and complications.Moreover,high quality,multicenter and large scale RCTs are required to confirm the outcomes.

Objective: To analyze clinical features and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (cHCC) patients after liver resection, so as to clarify the prognostic risk factors. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of patients who underwent mesohepatectomy for cHCC at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Cancer Hospital between October 2006 and December 2014. The patients were assigned into three subgroups according to disease-free survival (DFS): high risk (DFS≤1 year), middle risk (1 year3 years). Clinicopathological characteristics were compared and prognostic factors were evaluated using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: In total, 173 patients were reviewed. The median overall survival (OS) in the high-risk group was 13.5 months compared with 24.0 months in the middle-risk group and 45.5 months in the low-risk group. Univariate analysis showed that liver capsule invasion (P=0.022), tumors adjacent to major vascular vessels (<1 cm) (P<0.01), HCC size>50 mm (P=0.012), presence of microvascular invasion (P<0.001), tumor invasive growth (P<0.001), and preoperative transarterial chemoembolization (TACE; P=0.028) were significant risk factors for recurrence. The main risk factors for OS were male gender (P=0.013), alpha-fetoprotein >200 ng/mL (P=0.005), tumor size >50 mm (P=0.013), adjacent to major vascular vessels (P<0.001), high Edmondson-Steiner differentiation grade (P=0.003), preoperative TACE (P=0.010), and tumor invasive growth (P=0.001). Cox multivariate analysis demonstrated that tumors adjacent (<1 cm) to major vascular trunks and tumor invasive growth were inde-pendent prognostic factors for both DFS and OS. In total, 40.5% patients in the high-risk group had both risk factors; this percentage was 13.4% in the middle-risk group and 3.1% in the low-risk group (P=0.001). A prognostic model including the above 9 factors were created based on Logistic regression to predict the percentage of patients belonging to the high-risk group. The results showed that the prediction accuracy continued to increase with the number of more factors added. When all the 9 factors were included, the pre-dictive percentage was 82.1%. Conclusions: cHCC patients in the high-risk group had more risk factors than those in the middle-and low-risk groups. A prognostic model containing these factors may provide accurate prediction of survival or risk stratification, and cHCC patients with these risk factors should be candidates for aggressive following-up and adjuvant therapy.

Objective To establish a prognosis prediction scale for aspirin combined with clopidogrel in treatment of acute cerebral infarction (ACI) and evaluate its prediction effectiveness. MethodsA retrospective analysis of clinical features of 202 ACI patients, admitted to and accepted aspirin combined with clopidogrel in our hospital from October 2017 to April 2019, was performed. According to the differences of National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores before and after treatment, the patients were divided into good prognosis group and poor prognosis group; univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were used to screen the independent risk factors for prognoses of acute cerebral infarction; assignment of these factors was performed, respectively, to establish prediction scale; and finally the prediction scale was applied to the patients for verification.ResultsOf the 202 patients, 167 had a good prognosis and 35 had a poor prognosis. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that age≥50 years, hypertension, homocysteine, and carotid stenosis≥50％ were independent risk factors for prognoses 14 d after onset in patients with ACI (P< 0.05); the assigned values of age≥50 years, hypertension grading I, hypertension grading II, hypertension grading III, homocysteine, and 中华神经医学杂志2019年11月第18卷第11期Chin J Neuromed, November 2019, Vol.18, No.11 carotid stenosis≥50％ were 1, 1, 2, 3, 1, and 1, respectively; the total pridiction scale scores were 0-6. Validation results showed that the poor prognosis rate of patients with predictive scale scores≥3 was 91.3％ (157/172) and that of patients with predictive scale scores<3 was 33.3％ (10/30).Conclusion The predictive scale established in this study can be used to quickly and accurately identify patients with acute cerebral infarction who are suitable for aspirin combined with clopidogrel.

ObjectiveTo investigate the Character of Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) in detoxification addicts in reeducation center.Methods100 detoxification addicts in reeducation center were evaluated.ResultsThe results showed that the mean scores of all factors in detoxification addicts were higher than those of normal population, and there was difference between different drug dependence addicts.ConclusionThe detoxification addicts shows serious psychological disorders.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of synthesized rehabilitation on detoxification addicts.Methods100 detoxification addicts were randomly divided into the rehabilitation group and control group with 50 cases in each group. Cases of the rehabilitation group were treated with "ten-step" rehabilitation treatment, but that of the control group did not. The rehabilitating treatment included cognitive psychotherapy, behavioral therapy, family treatment, social skill training and etc. The effects of two groups were evaluate with Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) scale.ResultsExcept hostility, other factorial scores of the rehabilitation group including positive items, somatization, obsession, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, phobia, paranoid and psychotic factors were significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05～0.01).ConclusionThe synthesized rehabilitation can obviously improve the psychology of detoxification addicts.

Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of ultrasound-guided hydrostatic reduction for pediatric acute intussusception.Methods:One thousand eight hundred and thirty patients with acute intussusception diagnosed by ultrasound in Shenzhen Children′s Hospital from September 2017 to July 2020 were treated with ultrasound-guided hydrostatic reduction method. The therapeutic effects, complications and ultrasonic features were observed.Results:Among 1 830 cases, 1 791 cases were diagnosed as primary intussusception, and 39 cases were secondary intussusception. The overall rate of successful ultrasound enema reduction were 1 780/1 830(93.7%) patients. All 50/1 830(2.7%) patients underwent surgery after unsuccessful enema reduction, including 42 cases of primary intussusception, and 8 cases of secondary intussusception. The complication of intestinal perforation occurred in 3 cases (0.16%), and there were no deaths.Conclusions:Ultrasound-guided enema reduction for pediatric acute intussusception is an effective and safe method without radiation exposure, and can be used as the preferred method for non-operative treatment of intussusception.