Objective To introduce direct digital dual energy subtraction radiography and explore it's clinical application.Methods The cases acquired separately by direct digital conventional radiography and direct digital dual energy subtraction radiography were compared.Results The detection rate,sensitivity and accuracy of calcifications in lungs,pulmonary nodules,stones in urinary system,calcifications of coronary artery and cardiovalvular were improved by using direct digital dual energy subtraction radiography.Conclusion Direct digital dual energy subtraction radiography is more valuable in clinical applications.

The paper gives an account of the new ideas in trauma care and the transition of emergency care of trauma from the traditional model to the modern model,viz.the transition of emergency care of trauma by the emergency department from a paradigm of general practice to a paradigm of specialized care;the transition of trauma physicians training from a paradigm of general practitioners to a paradigm of specialists;and the transition of the flow of emergency care of trauma from a paradigm of "links" to a paradigm of "whole course".Based on the practice of the emergency department of the hospital the authors work with in setting up a quick clinical response mechanism of emergency care of trauma,a mechanism of priority to emergency care of trauma,a hospital-wide linking and coordinating mechanism of emergency care of trauma,a standardized management mechanism of wards for emergency care of trauma,and an operational mechanism of the team of emergency care of trauma,the paper discusses building an integrated model of emergency care of trauma on the basis of the "three links theory" by the emergency department.

Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) is considered as the standard treatment for acid-related disorders. However, its long-term use, especially in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease, would cause potential risks, such as hypergastrinemia along with reduced gastric acidity, hyperplasia of enterochromaffin cells (ECL), gastric neoplasms, rebound gastric acid hypersecretion when PPI treatment is stopped, increased oxyntic gastritis in patients with H. pylori infection, and the possible stimulation of growth of non-gastric tumours due to hypergastrinaemia. Each of these trends has led to numerous studies and evaluations on the potential risk-benefit ratio of the long-term use of PPIs, and countermeasures are being proposed for these problems.

The three links theory" refers to the three key links in an emergency medical services system, viz. pre-hospital first-aid system, hospital emergency care system, and the ICU system. The construction of an emergency medical services system in China ought to be guided by the three links theory so as to set up a practical and highly efficient emergency medical services system, an instantly operating monitoring system, a smooth and real-time information system, a rational and long-lasting system of laws and contingency plans, and a system for cultivating universalists. The goal is to build an emergency green passage in the hospital.

Objective To analyze the specific peptide of cystatin C (CysC) and its characteristics by bioinformatics technology,and verify the predicted results by mass spectrometry.Methods Online software was applied to analyze the physicochemical properties and homology of CysC peptides hydrolyzed by trypsin and predict the associated parameters of ionized fragmentation of specific peptide by mass spectrometry.Precursor ion scan and product ion scan were conducted on the samples of synthetic specific peptide.The recombinant human CysC and serum samples were analyzed by mass spectrometry after trypsin digestion.The results of analysis were compared with the outcomes predicted by bioinformatics.Results T3 (ALDFAVGEYNK) was considered as the specific peptide of CysC by software analysis.When selecting[M + 2H] 2 + for product ion scan,almost all the y and b ions of fragmentation were observed using tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS),showing consistency with Skyline predictions.Moreover,both the peptides from the human recombinant CysC and serum sample following the trypsin digestion were eluted at the same time with the isotope-labeled T3 * under the fixed conditions.Conclusion Bioinformatics technology could be available for picking out the specific peptides of target protein quickly and efficiently and predicting the ionized fragmentation precisely by mass spectrometry scanning.

Based on the experience in providing emergency medical relief during the occurrence of the disastrous “Yunna” typhoon, the paper discusses the necessity of establishing a medical emergency relief system for regional disasters and ways of perfection. It is thus necessary to set up a multi level response mechanism for medical emergency relief; enhance the overall emergency response ability of the emergency medical service systems in case of disastrous events; work out the strategic layout of networks of medical emergency relief for regional disasters; optimize and rehearse in a planned way the crash programs for medical emergency relief for disasters; reinforce the role of the government in organizing and directing medical emergency relief for disasters; make overall arrangements of emergency relief manpower; and improve relief personnels personal sense and ability of self protection.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of milrinone on serum myocardial enzymes and malondialdehyed (MDA), a lipid peroxidation product, in the perioperative patients undergoing valve replacement. Methods: Twenty patients, scheduled for valve replacement were randomly divided into 2 groups: group A and group B. Before induction of general anesthesia , milrinone was administrated at a 30 ?g/kg bolus dose progressively in 10 min, followed by a continuous infusion of 0.5 ?g/(kg?min) in group A and the same volume of saline was administrated in group B. The mixed venous blood samples were obtained from pulmonary artery at the following time points: before induction of anesthesia (T 1), 30 min after anesthesia (T 2), 30 min after the cross clamping of aorta (T 3 ), 10 and 30 min after the removal of the aorta clamping (T 4,5 ), 30 min and 8 h after CPB(T 6,7 ), 24 and 72 h after operation (T 8,9 ). Creatine phosphokinase (CK) and creatine phosphokinase isoenzyme (CK MB) were measured with the auto biochemical analytical machine. MDA level in serum was estimated by the method of thiobarbituric acid. Results: The values of CK and CK MB were increased significantly in 2 groups from the point T 4 to T 9 ( P

AIM: To study the dissolution of ginsenoside Rb1,cinnamic acid and borneol in traditional Chinese medicine Shexiang Baoxin Pill(Moschus,extract of Radix et Rhizoma ginseng,Calculus Bovis artifactus,Cortex Cinnamomi,Styrax,Venenum Bufonis and Borneolum syntheticum). METHODS: The in vitro dissolution of active components in Shexiang Baoxin Pill was performed with paddle method. HPLC was used for determination of ginsenoside Rb1 and cinnamic acid,and GC for borneol. RESULTS: The analytic method above was easy to carry out,the requirement of the specificity,accuracy,precision and stability could meet the needs of experiment well; the dissolution time T50 and Td of ginsenoside Rb1,cinnamic acid and borneol were 30. 90,33. 79 min,29. 73, 37. 11 min and 42. 38,48. 51 min respectively. CONCLUSION: The dissolution rate of three active components from Shexiang Baoxin Pills was fast and the analytic methods established in this study could be used to evaluate the quality of the preparation.

A bacterial strain capable of utilizing p-nitroaniline as sole carbon source to growth was isolated from sewage sludge. This strain was identified as Microbacterium sp. PNA8 based on its morphology, physiological, biochemical properties and 16S rRNA sequence analysis. Results indicated that the optimal temperature and pH for cell growth and for p-nitroaniline degradation was 30?C and 7.0. Strain PNA8 growth and p-nitroaniline degradation was considerably faster in the presence of yeast extract. Optimum conditions, in the culture medium added to 0.4 g/L yeast extract, 0.3 mmol/L p-nitroaniline degradation rate to 100% in 4 days.

Objective: To discuss the way of early nutritional support in the patients after the liver transplantation. Methods: The nutritional support was used in 28 patients who had suffered the orthopetic liver transplantation (OLT).Parenteral nutrition was started as soon as possible after the operation. On the fourth day after the operation, enteral nutrition was also used. Results: 5 patients died from the postoperative complications. 23 patients survived and had been in better nutrition. Conclusion: The early nutrition support can play an important role in the patients recovery after OLT. EN should be administrated immediately when the gut functions.