Objective To evaluate the difference of adaptive exposure dose in two digital X-ray imaging systems. Methods Resin phantom and contrast-detail test phantom were used on Cesium iodide and Gadolinium oxide sulfide plate imaging detector DR systems using difference exposure parameters. All entrance surface dose were recorded, Image quality index (IQFinv ) was calculated by CDRAD analysis software. The optimal exposure radiation dose was determined according to the sensitivity and IQFinv. Results There were no significant differences of entrance surface dose between two digital X-ray systems on two different exposure parameters with 70 kV ( P > 0. 05) , while there were significant differences with 125 kV(P < 0.05) . The maximum difference was 28. 57% . The mean IQFinv value of Cesium iodide detector DR and Gadolinium oxide sulfide detector DR with 125 kV and 70 kV were 4. 89 ±1. 01 and 2.47 ±0.25, 5. 10 ±1.05 and 2.38 ±0.43, respectively. There were significant diferences between the two systems under the same exposure parameters (t = 6. 509,10. 158, P < 0. 05). The optimal exposure dose ratio between Cesium iodide and Gadolinium oxide sulfide detector DR system was 1:2. Conclusion According to the IQFinv value, the adaptive exposure parameter can be adjusted to achieve good image quality with low radiation dose on different digital radiography systems.

AIM:To investigate whether KCNE 2 participates in the development of pathological hypertrophy .METHODS:Bidirectional ma-nipulations of KCNE2 expression were performed by adenoviral overexpression of KCNE 2 or knockdown of KCNE2 with RNA interfer-ence in PE-induced neonatal rat ventricular myocytes .Then overexpression of KCNE 2 in mouse model of left ventricular hypertrophy in-duced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) by ultrasound microbubble-mediated gene transfer were used to detect the therapeutic function of KCNE2 in the development of hypertrophy .RESULTS:KCNE2 expression was significantly decreased in PE-induced hy-pertrophic cardiomyocytes and in hypertrophic hearts produced by TAC .Knockdown of KCNE2 in cardiomyocytes reproduced hypertro-phy, whereas overexpression of KCNE2 attenuated PE-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy .Knockdown of KCNE2 increased calcineurin activity and nuclear NFAT protein level , and pretreatment with nifedipine or FK 506 attenuated decreased KCNE 2-induced cardiomyo-cyte hypertrophy .Overexpression of KCNE 2 in heart by ultrasound microbubble-mediated gene transfer suppressed the development of hypertrophy and activation of calcineurin-NFAT and MAPK pathways in TAC mice .CONCLUSION:These findings demonstrate that cardiac KCNE2 expression is decreased and contributes to the development of hypertrophy via activation of calcineurin -NFAT and
MAPK pathways .

Theory of Chinese materia medica (CMM) nature was an important part in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theoretical system. During the long term practice, based on TCM theories of yin and yang, five elements, zang-fu, meridian and treatment principle, herbal features and patients' reactions were highly summarized into recognition and understanding. Since ancient time, theory of CMM nature has always guided the accurate syndrome differentiation and medication in TCM clinical practice. It contributed to the healthcare and reproduction of Chinese people. Theory of CMM nature is the basic theoretical knowledge which must be mastered in the study and research. Its concepts contained four-qi, five tastes, channel tropism, ascending and descending, toxicity, tonification and reducing, moisture and dryness, smooth and astringent, softness and hardness, fixed and itinerant effect, strong and mild. Using fixed and itinerant effects in the summarization of CMM function is one of the components in CMM nature theories. Although discussions on this theory from practitioners during past dynasties were in disorder, the significant guidance in herbal interaction mechanism and prescription compatibility should not be ignored.

AIM: To study I_ to channel function in severe burn and its contribution to cardiac dysfunction induced by severe burn. METHODS: CHO-K1 cells were transfected with human Kv4.3, the major subunit of human I_ to channel. The expressed Kv4.3 channels were recorded by whole-cell patch clamp and the effects of rat burn serum on Kv4.3 current densities and kinetics were observed. RESULTS: Kv4.3 channels expressed in CHO-K1 cells were endowed with the characterization of fast activation and inactivation, which was quite similar to that of native I_ to channels in cardiomyocytes. Rat's burn serum at the concentration of 2% decreased the current density significantly. At +40 mV, the current density in control group was (67.6?15.1) pA/pF, in contrast to (32.3?9.7)pA/pF in burn serum-treated group (P

BACKGROUND:During the research of ABO blood type antigen, the overwhelming majority samples of same ABO gene express a normal and same ABH antigen. But a certain amount samples with the same ABO genetic background show different antigen intensity expression as for different family or individuals. The ABO blood type has complex expression regulation mechanism. Analysis of ABO blood group serology and genetic background of these rare bi-specific AB phenotype specimens, and further studying on epigenetics may partly revealed ABO gene expression mechanism. OBJECTIVE:To study methylation of CpG island and explore the relationship between ABO gene promoter coding glycosyltransferase with dual donor specificity and ABH antigen expression. METHODS:Six samples detected as CisAB or B(A) phenotype were studied in this paper. The whole code sequences and promoter sequence of ABO gene were amplified respectively. The level of CpG methylation in promoter of ABO gene was further detected with bisulfite treatment method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Among the six bi-specific AB phenotype samples, two previously-identified CisAB05/B(A)06 al eles with nt803C>G on the basis of B101 al ele sequence could be seen, and three additional methylated sites nt-33(30%), nt+27(50%) and nt+49(50%) were found between the two regions of CpG island in promoter of ABO gene. Two CisAB01 al eles with nt803C>G mutation on the basis of A101 sequence were found at nt-26C(10%). Other two B(A)04 al eles contained nt640A>G mutation on the basis of B101 sequence were found in the whole code sequences regions, and six additional methylated sites nt-33(10%), nt+16(50%), nt+57(60%), nt+59(60%), nt+68(60%) and nt+74(60%) were found between the two samples. No abnormity was identified in the promoter region of ABO gene. Our results indicated that the differential methylation levels in the CpG island of ABO gene promoter region may affect ABH antigens expression on the red cel membrane even if the samples had the same ABO genetic background.

Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) is one of important coagulant factors. Endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces thrombosis by stimulating PAI-1 secretion of vascular cells (EC). Using sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Northern blot, was investigated the effects of Chinese medicine ligustrazini on PAI-1 expression in EC and LPS-stimulated EC. The results showed that ligustrazini inhibited both basal and LPS-induced PAI-1 mRNA expression in EC. The effect of ligustrazini on LPS-induced PAI-1 secretion worked in a dose-dependent manner. This study provided theoretic and experimental evidence for use of ligustrazini against septic shock and cardiovascular diseases.

Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) is one of important coagulant factors. Endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces thrombosis by stimulating PAI-1 secretion of vascular cells (EC). Using sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Northern blot, was investigated the effects of Chinese medicine ligustrazini on PAI-1 expression in EC and LPS-stimulated EC. The results showed that ligustrazini inhibited both basal and LPS-induced PAI-1 mRNA expression in EC. The effect of ligustrazini on LPS-induced PAI-1 secretion worked in a dose-dependent manner. This study provided theoretic and experimental evidence for use of ligustrazini against septic shock and cardiovascular diseases.

According to the theory of nucleic acid metabolism, the different select models were designed By means of physical and chemical derived to the production of inosine Bacillus Subtilis JSIM 1019, we have got the mutative strains of auxotroph of different component, the mutative strains lacking of relating enzyme, the mutative strains resisting some metabolic analog in turn Restrain of the production to metabolite has been relieved Two mutative strains of auxotroph xanthine, X 13 and so on were obtained And it also has resistance to 8 azaguanine After the mutative strains had been separated into the single srain respectively, we got X 13 4 the maximum accumulation of adenosine reachs 12 43g/L in substratum cultivated for 72 hours at 36℃

Objective:To investigate the association of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class Ⅰ (A, B and C), class Ⅱ (DRB1, DQB1 and DPB1) allelic and haplotypic polymorphisms with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukemia(AML) and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in Han nationality of southern China.Methods:The peripheral blood samples of 845 leukemia patients (323 cases of ALL, 350 cases of AML and 172 cases of CML) and 745 healthy blood donors from Han nationality of southern China in Shenzhen Blood Center were collected. The HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, -DQB1 and -DPB1 genes were genotyped by using polymerase chain reaction-reverse sequence specific oligonucleotide (PCR-rSSO) and polymerase chain reaction-sequence based typing (PCR-SBT) methods to identify the first 4 digits of HLA alleles. The Arlequin 3.5 software was used to analyze HLA haplotypes. The correlations between HLA allelic and haplotypic polymorphisms and three types of leukemia were statistically analyzed at HLA low-resolution level (the first 2 digits of alleles) and high-resolution level (the first 4 digits of alleles), respectively.Results:P-values were adjusted by Bonferroni correction. In ALL group, the frequencies of A*02 (36.22% vs. 28.26%, χ 2 = 13.41, PC < 0.01) and its haplotype A*02-B*46-C*01 (15.35% vs. 10.23%, χ 2 = 10.90, PC = 0.02), DRB1*12 (15.79% vs. 11.10%, χ 2 = 9.02, PC = 0.03), A*02:03 (9.75% vs. 5.32%, χ 2 = 14.25, PC = 0.002) and its haplotype A*02:03-B*38:02-C*07:02 (3.80% vs. 1.51%, χ 2 = 10.41, PC = 0.02) were higher than those in healthy controls, which implied that these factors could confer risk effect in ALL. In AML group, the frequency of A*11-B*15-C*08-DRB1*15-DQB1*06-DPB1*02 (1.34% vs. 0.07%, χ 2 = 12.54, PC = 0.003) was significantly higher than that in healthy controls, suggesting that the risk effect might be conferred by this haplotype. In CML group, the frequencies of A*02 (36.63% vs. 28.26%, χ 2 = 9.33, PC = 0.02) and its haplotype A*02-B*15-C*04 (2.17% vs. 0.29%, χ 2 = 11.74, PC = 0.02), and DRB1*03:01-DQB1*02:01-DPB1*02:01 (1.86% vs. 0.14%, χ 2 = 13.10, PC = 0.01) were higher than those in healthy controls, which implied that these factors could confer risk effect in CML, whereas the frequency of DRB1*13 (1.45% vs. 5.25%, χ 2 = 9.29, PC = 0.03) was lower than that in healthy controls, suggesting that it was a CML antagonistic gene. Conclusion:Leukemia susceptible or antagonistic HLA alleles and haplotypes are found at low-resolution and high-resolution levels of HLA, which might provide reference for investigating the pathogenesis of leukemia and guiding formulation of effective treatment strategies in Han nationality of southern China.

Objective To establish a simple and reliable method for isolation and cultivation of epidermal stem cells from neo-natal rat skin basal layer .Methods The single cells were dissociated with twice trypsinization form neonatal rat skin .Thereafter we purified the basal layer stem cells with differential velocity adherent technique with collagen Ⅳ ,and the slow adherent cells were cultured as negative control cells .Both basal layer stem cells and control cells were cultivated with keratinocyte serum-free medium (K-sfm) .Stem cells were identified with β1-integrin and Keratin 19 by co-immunofluorescence assay ,and colony forming assay was executed to evaluate the proliferation potential of stem cells .Results The polygonal cells grew like flagstones ,with doubling time of approximately 24 hours .Both the morphology and growth properties of cells were in accordance with the character of basal layer stem cells .Co-immunofluorescence identification showed the cells were positive for the expression of β1-integrin and Keratin 19 . Basal layer stem cells had stronger clone forming ability in vitro compare with control group .Conclusion The results indicate that two-procedure trypsinization plus differential velocity adhesion is an ideal method for basal layer stem cells separation followed with vigorous vitality and reliable phenotype .