Background and purpose: Germline variation in Tg (thyroglobulin) and TSHR (thyroid stimulating hormone receptor) confers an increased risk of benign thyroid disorders. Benign thyroid disorders are strong risk factors for non-medullary thyroid cancer (NMTC). To explore the hypothesis that polymorphic variation in these genes affects the risk of NMTC. Methods: Tg A7589G and TSHR C253A polymorphisms were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (FCR-RFLP) method, to analyze the relationship between the Tg and TSHR gene polymorphisms and NMTC in NMTC and control groups. Results: Among 360 cases, there was no statistic difference in the frequencies of genotype and allele of TSHR C253A between NMTC and control groups. There were Tg A7589G polymorphisms in the 360 cases. The frequencies ofAG+GG genotype in NMTC group were significantly higher than those in control groups (P<0.05). The frequencies of G allele in NMTC group were significantly higher than those in control groups (P<0.001). Conclusion: There were Tg A7589G gene polymorphisms in NMTC and control groups. G allele may be the predisposing gene of NMTC.

Objective To investigate the change of CD_4~+CD_(25)~(high)CD_(127)~(low)> regulatory T cells (Trcg cells) sub-group level in peripheral blood of non-Hodgkin lymphama (NHL) patients, and to explore its clinical significance. Methods Treg cells levels in peripheral blood of lymphoma patients and normal were detected by flow cytometry, followed by statistical analysis. Results In the 65 cases of NHL patients, Treg cells in peripheral blood were (6.72±1.38) %, higher than that in the normal control group (5.65±0.68) % (P <0.05). Percentage of Treg cells are significantly different between clinical stages and normal: [P <0.05, normal control group (5.65±0.88) %, Ⅰ -Ⅱ period (6.08±1.18) %, Ⅲ-Ⅳ period (6.95±0.85) %]. The percentage of Treg cells are also different among pathological types of patients and normal [P <0.05, normal control group (5.65± 0.68) %. The percentage of Treg diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (5.83±0.95) % and other subtypes of lymphoma (7.83±1.76) %]were observed. It is not sure that Treg cells percentage among patients with different levels of lactate dehydrogenase and normal are significantly different. [P >0.05, normal control group (5.65±0.68) %, patients with normal LDH group (6.97±1.20) %, patients with lactate dehydrogenase (6.54±1.02) %]. Conclusion Treg cells induced by tumor and could inhibit the immune cells, Treg cells percentage in peripheral blood of tumor patients is higher than that the normal control group, and increased with the clinical staging, so the percentage of Treg cells may serve as a clinical indicator to evaluate tumor load.

Objective To explore the clinical significance of T lymphocyte subsets and NK cells' detection in peripheral blood of patients with non-Hodgkin' s lymphoma (NHL).Methods 62 newly diagnosed NHL and 30 healthy adults were enrolled for analyzing.T lymphocyte subsets and NK cells were deteced by flow cytometry and compared between different groups according to age,sex and pathology.Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the correlation among the levels of T lymphocyte subsets and NK cells and several clinical factors,such as clinical stage,IPI and B symptoms.Results The proportions of CD3,CD4 and NK cells in peripheral blood of NHL group [(64.13±19.83) ％,(27.10±8.20) ％,(13.51± 10.59) ％] were significantly lower than those of normal control [(65.78±10.69) ％,(31.95±12.74) ％,(18.76± 7.36) ％] (P ＜ 0.05),while the proportions of CD8 and Treg cells in peripheral blood of NHL [(32.15±13.83) ％,(10.44±3.00) ％] were significantly higher than those of normal control [(29.25±12.35) ％,(7.51±4.36) ％] (P ＜ 0.05).In NHL,the proportions of CD3 and NKT cells [(67.06±19.24) ％,(4.91±3.69) ％] in ≤60 years old group were significantly higher than those in ＞ 60 years old group [(59.18±20.33) ％,(4.89±3.05) ％] (P ＜ 0.05).The proportions of Treg cells in T-NHL was significantly higher than that in B-NHL [(8.17±6.41) ％ vs (7.11±2.53) ％] (P ＜ 0.05).The proportions of CD3,CD4,NK and NKT cells in peripheral blood of NHL were significantly correlated with clinical stage (P ＜ 0.05),that of CD8 cells were significantly correlated with IPI (P =0.000),that of Treg cells were significantly correlated with IPI and B symptoms (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The cellular immune is suppressed in NHL patients.The proportions of T lymphocyte subsets and NK cells in peripheral blood of patients with NHL are different between different groups according to age,sex and pathology.The correlations among that and clinical factors need to be further explored.

Objective:To investigate the role of scavenger receptor BⅡ(SR-BⅡ) in the oxidized low density lipid(ox-LDL) induced foam cells formation promoted by porphyromonas gingivalis(P.g).Methods:Peritoneal macrophages were stimulated with P.g and ox-LDL,and then foam cells formation were checked.The expression of SR-BⅡ was detected by Western blot and real-time PCR.Next,siRNA targeting SR-BⅡ was used to detect the change of foam cells formation.Results:After being stimulated with P.g and ox-LDL,the foam cells formation was significantly increased.During the process of foam cells formation,P.g infection increased the expression of SR-BⅡ.And the knockdown of SR-BⅡ by siRNA significantly reduced the foam cells formation.Conclusion:P.g infection can increase the expression of SR-BⅡ and the regulation of SR-BⅡ expression can change the foam cells formation.

Objective To determine the effect of individualized oral hygiene instruction (OHI) on volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) level in mouth air of patients with chronic periodontitis.Methods The individualized oral hygiene instruction was provided for 31 patients with chronic periedontitis (Organoleptic score was over two points).The VSCs and plaque index (PLI) were evaluated pre-OHI and post-OHI.Results The score of PLI decreased from 3.09±0.44 to 2.63±0.46 significandy (P<0.05).The organoleptic score (OS) decreased from 2.68±0.70 to 2.35±0.75 significandy (P<0.05).While there was no significant difference on the VSCs level pre-OHI and post-OHI (P<0.05).Conclusions Individualized oral hygiene instruction is helpful to remove plaque and improve oral hygiene.But the effect of OHI on VSCs level in mouth air is limited.

Objective To discuss nursing ways to prevent frontal pressure sores for children after cochlear implantation.Methods A total of 267 cases with sensorineural deafness were selected and divided into the control group (admitted from December 2012 to July 2013,115 cases) and the observation group (admitted from August 2013 to March 2014,152 cases) randomly.Skin preparation was done routinely,general nutritional condition and frontal skin condition were evaluated before operation.The control group used conventional elastic bandage after surgery.The observation group used Allevyn Thin foam dressing to cover the forehead skin before pressure dressing by elastic bandage.The incidence of frontal pressure sores was compared between two groups.Results Two cases occurred frontal pressure sores in the observation group and 31 cases in the control group,x2=39.736,P ＜ 0.01.Patients in the control group with pressure sore focused within 1-2 years old,totally 18 cases.Conclusions Nurses should attach great importance to younger children with cochlear implantation to prevent pressure sores.Nursing staff should keep update knowledge of prevention and treatment of pres-sure ulcers,accurately assess skin conditions and risk factors in patients and adopt precautions predictably.

Objective To test different expression protein markers of the serum from B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma(B-cell NHL) between diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL) and follicular lymphoma(FL)patients using sudace enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry(SELDI-TOF-MS)protein chip technology. Further, to test different expression of the protein markers of B-eell NHL patients after chemical therapy in order to discuss clinical significance. Methods Different expression of protein markers were analysed in serum between 54 B-cell NHL patients and 27 healthy volunteers by using SELDI-TOF-MS WCX-2 pertein chip. Meanwhile different expression of protein markers relative to pathology classification between 23 DLBCL patients and 12 FL patients were screened; and protein markers which affected prognosis of 23 DLBCL patients were screened. Results There were five specific marker proteins in 54 B-cell NHL patients and 27 healthy volunteers. Their relative molecular weights were 7974, 15 938, 3398,8564, and 8692. The protein markers of 7974 and 15 938 were at high level in patients and the protein markers of 3398, 8564 and 8692 were at low level in patients. There were two protein markers which affected the prognosis, with better outcome when the expression of 4795 and 4998 were increased. Conclusion SELDI-TOF-MS protein chip technology is a quick, easy and convenient method, with high-throughput analyzer which can screen several relatively specific protein markers from the serum of patients to diagnose B-cell NHL The relatively specific protein markers can be used to make pathology classification and to judge the prognosis of B-cell NHL, and have better clinical value.

Objective To research correlation of serum protein spectrometry and lymphoma markers for diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients. Whether there is relative between the protein and prognosis will be further researched. Methods Serum protein spectrometry of 62 DLBCL patients was detected by the SELDI-TOF-MS technique and Weak cation exchange 2 (WCX2) chip. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was detected by biochemistry method. Beta-2-microglobulin (β2-MG) and cancer antigen125(CA125)were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The level of LDH, β2-MG and CA125 for DLBCL patients between 11×103～12×103 protein expressed positively and negatively was analyzed. Meanwhile,correlation analysis and survival analysis were done. Results LDH, β2-MG and CA125 in 11×103～12×103protein expressed positive group were (523.30±435.96)U/L, (3.23±1.24)mg/L, (81.07±61.39)U/L respectively,and they were higher than that in negative group (P＜0.05). 11×103～12×103 protein was positive correlated to LDH, β2-MG and CA125 (P＜0.01). The survival time in 11×103～12×103 protein expressed in positive group,in which median survival time was 11 months, was shorter than that in negative group(P ＜0.01). The survival time in LDH normal group was longer than that in increased group(P ＜0.01). The survival time of β2-MG and CA125 had no significant difference between increased group and normal group. Conclusion LDH and 11×103～12×103 protein are expected to be prognosis indicators for DLBCL patients.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) guided with endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) for rectal neuroendocrine neoplasms(NENs).Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 58 patients with rectal ENEs who underwent ESD from January 2011 to December 2015 in JiangSu Province Hospital.Manifestations of EUS, clinicopathological characteristics, proliferation activity grade, complete resection rate, complications and follow-up results of lesion were studied.Results Those treated by ESD included 58 patients with 64 lesions of rectal NENs.EUS results showed that 3 lesions originated from mucosa, 3 from muscularis mucosa and 58 from submucosa.A total of 34 lesions located within 5 cm from anus, 26 in 6-10 cm from anus and 4 more than 10 cm from anus.All 64 lesions were successfully treated by ESD.The mean maximum diameter of the lesions was 0.8 cm(0.2-3.5 cm), and the mean procedure time was 31 min(10-60 min).The complete resection rate was 93.8% (60/64).There were 4 patients with positive basal surgical margin, and two of them underwent additional surgery and two others were treated with argon plasma coagulation after rejecting surgery and ESD.Histological examination determined that 59 lesions were pathologic grade 1(G1) and 5 were pathologic grade 2(G2).Delayed bleeding occurred in 4 cases after ESD,which was managed by medicine in 1 case and endoscopic treatment in 3 cases.No perforation occurred after ESD.During a mean follow-up period of 22.9 months(3-48 months), no lymph node metastasis or distant metastasis was observed.Conclusion EUS is able to distinguish the origin of rectal NENs and aid determining the range and depth of ESD.ESD appears to be a safe, feasible and effective procedure for providing accurate histopathologica1 evaluations as well as curative treatments for rectal NENs limited to submucosa.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a group of heterogeneous diseases, and further classification is of great value for prognostic stratification. In recent years, some subtypes with poor prognosis have been recognized, such as "double-hit" lymphoma or "double-expressing" lymphoma. In addition, the new molecular classification provides a new perspective for the accurate diagnosis and prognosis stratification of DLBCL. The mutation and deletion of p53 gene are high risk factors in the traditional sense of DLBCL, while with the application of the next generation sequencing and other technologies, the influence of more accurate gene mutation or deletion on prognosis and its prognostic value in new cell molecular subtypes still need to be further confirmed. This paper reviews the progress of cell phenotypes and molecular subtypes as well as p53 gene abnormalities in the prognosis of DLBCL.