AIM: To detect the expression of IL-13 and TGF-? during airway remodeling. METHODS: A airway remodeling model was established and histological changes were detected under light or electronic microscope. In situ hybridization assays were adopted to determine the status of IL-13 and TGF-?_2 transcript in lung tissue and Western blot was used to detect the expression of p38MAPK protein. RESULTS: Proliferation of airway epithelium and smooth muscle and mucous plugs were found in lung tissue of airway remodeling mice , accompanied by infiltration of eosinophils and lymphocytes in airway. Overexpression of IL-13,TGF-?_2 mRNA and p38MAPK were also observed in airway remodeling group. CONCLUSION: Expression of IL-13, TGF-?_2 mRNA and p38MAPK protein increased significantly during airway remodeling, which may suggest an role for Th2 cytokines, TGF-?_2 in the pathogenesis of airway remodeling. p38 MAPK may be associated with the development of asthma and airway remodeling. [

Objective To screen key genes related to deep vein thrombosis (TDVT) after trauma using gene function assembly analysis. Methods Thirty Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into control, thrombosis and non-thrombosis groups. Traumatic limb DVT models were established in rats through quantitative beating on the bilateral posterior limbs. The Genechip Rat genome 430 2. 0 genechips were applied to detect changes in genes expressions on difference phases of DVT. On the basis of the differential gene expressions in the thrombosis and non-thrombosis groups, the gene function assembly analysis was conducted to define the most significant and concentrated gene functions leading to the biological characters of DVT.Results B factor (bf), complement 4 binding protein α (C4bpα), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (serpinel), urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (plaur) were screened to be the key genes related to DVT, because they were found to be involved in the functions like complement activation, development,growth, morphogenesis, primary metabolism, cell motility, protein metabolism, localization of cell, locomotion and localization. The abundance values of the genes expressed were 1.6, -0. 2, 2. 1, 5. 1 in the thrombosis group, and -0. 5, - 1.4, 2. 7, 3. 3 in the non-thrombosis group. Conclusion Bf, C4bpα,serpinel, plaur may be the key genes that play a role in the process of DVT.

Objective To investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IL2RA-RBM17 region and vitiligo in the Chinese Mongolian population.Methods Five milliliters of venous blood samples were collected from 425 patients with vitiligo (patient group) and 503 healthy human controls (control group) of Mongolian nationality after informed consent,and genomic DNA was extracted with the AxyPrep DNA extraction kit (AP-MX-BL-GDNA-25).Nine SNPs were selected across the IL2RA-RBM17 region,including rs706779,rs3134883,rs7090530,rs12251307,rs4750005,rs3920615,rs4747887,rs4750012 and rs7099083.Ligase detection reaction (LDR) was performed for SNP genotyping.With the PLINK 1.07 and SPSS 11.0 packages,statistical analysis was carried out by the chi-square test for comparisons of allele and genotype frequencies between the patient group and control group.Linkage disequilibrium analysis was performed for 5 SNPs by calculating the r2 and D' values.Haplotype analysis of 5 related SNPs was conducted to investigate differences in haplotype frequencies between the patient group and control group.Results There were significant differences in allele frequencies of 5 SNPs,including rs4750005,rs3920615,rs4747887,rs4750012 and rs7099083,between the patient group and control group (all P ＜ 0.05).Under a dominant mode of inheritance,a significant decrease was observed in the frequencies of GG/GC genotypes of rs3920615,CT/CC genotypes of rs4747887,CT/CC genotypes of rs4750005,TC/TT genotypes of rs4750012 and AG/AA genotypes of rs7099083 in the patient group compared with the control group (all P ＜ 0.005 6).Moderate to strong linkage disequilibrium was observed between the 5 SNPs (D' =0.424-1,r2=0.137-0.985).Haplotype analysis showed that the frequency of a haplotype (H2:CGCTA) was significantly lower in the patient group than in the control group,and the difference reached statistical significance after Bonferroni adjustment (P=0.001 6,OR =0.674).Conclusion SNPs in the IL2RA-RBM17 region are associated with vitiligo in the Chinese Mongolian population.

Objective:To observe the effects of Dyad Flow self-adhering flowable composite in the minimal invasive treatment of decid-uous molar caries.Methods:31 7 deciduous molars caries of 206 patients were randomly divided into 3 groups and treated by minimal invasive method,the cavities of the molars were filled with Dyad Flow self-adhering flowable composite(group A,n =1 07),traditional flowable composite and self-etching adhesive(group B,n =1 04)and glass ion(group C,n =1 06)respectively.The children were fol-lowed up for 1 and 2 years after treatment.Results:1 year after treatment the success rate(%)of group A,B and C was 95.3,96.77 and 91 .84(P >0.05);2 years after treatment 89.1 9,90.67 and 79.45(P >0.05),respectively.Conclusion:Dyad Flow self-adhe-ring flowable composite is effective in the treatment of deciduous molar caries.

Objective Through studying the change of life style and social part constractly on patients of laryngeal carcinoma with different modus operandi.To elevate the living quality through combined treatment of laryngeal carcinoma.Methods One hundred and thirty two patients of laryngeal carcinoma were divided into two groups: total laryngectomy and partial laryngectomy.Through investigation of questionnaire to analyse the living quality between the different modus operandi.Results There has significant difference between two groups of total and partial laryngectomy on living state and mental state(P

Objective To reconstruct the perfusion parameters of murine hindlimbs peripheral tissue by using fluorescence reflectance imaging technique. Methods BALB/c mice were injected with intravenous bolus injection of indocyanine green (ICG) (10μg) into the tail vein. Time-series fluorescence intensity images were obtained for 200 s immediately after the injection. After the serial imaging, silhouette images of the mice were taken under white light to obtain the region of interest (ROI) of the murine hindlimbs. Bi-exponential model was applied to analyze the dynamic fluorescence parameters and the peripheral tissue perfusion parameter images were reconstructed. Results The fitted perfusion curves obtained from bi-exponential model were in good agreement with the measured ones. The parametric images which reflected the vascular sufficiency of murine hindlimbs were reconstructed. Conclusions A novel method for parametric images of murine hindlimbs peripheral tissue blood perfusion is proposed in this paper, which is noninvasive with higher resolution and little damage to biological tissues.

Objective To explore the predicting value of peripheral blood CD20+ CD24hi CD38hi regulatory B cells (Bregs) on the prognosis of elderly patients with sepsis.Methods A prospective study was conducted. Septic patients aged > 65 years old, compliance with diagnostic criteria for Sepsis-3, admitted to emergency and emergency intensive care unit (ICU) of Shanghai East Hospital of Tongji University from April 2016 to February 2017 were enrolled. Procalcitonin (PCT), C-reaction protein (CRP) and lactate (Lac) were routinely measured. According to the worst clinical index value within 24 hours, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) score and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score were recorded. The concentrations of peripheral blood CD20+ CD24hi CD38hi Bregs were measured by flow cytometry at 1, 3 and 7 days after diagnosed in elderly patients. All patients with sepsis were followed up for 28 days and then divided into death group and survival group according to 28-day outcome. The difference of clinic data and Bregs were compared between the two groups. The significant different factors of elderly sepsis patients were analyzed by binary logistic regression analysis. The correlation between Bregs level and other indicators was analyzed by Spearman correlation. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the prognosis value of Bregs in elderly patients with sepsis.Results Fifty-eight patients were enrolled in the study, with 38 male and 20 female; age of (79.91±7.97) years; 32 in sepsis group, 26 in septic shock group; 35 deaths, 28-day mortality rate was 60.3%. APACHE Ⅱ score and SOFA score in death group exhibited much higher than that in survival group (APACHE Ⅱ: 18.14±4.52 vs. 14.91±3.56, SOFA: 8.80±4.56 vs. 6.35±3.00, bothP < 0.05), the Bregs was significantly decreased at 1, 3 and 7 days in death group [cells/μL: 0.70 (0.20, 1.40) vs. 1.50 (0.70, 2.20), 0.54 (0.20, 1.00) vs. 1.42 (1.10, 2.12), 0.25 (0.10, 0.50) vs. 0.80 (0.50, 1.00), allP < 0.05]. Correlation analysis showed that the concentrations of peripheral blood Bregs at 1 day in elderly patients with sepsis was negatively correlated with APACHE Ⅱ score (r = -0.351,P = 0.007), and it was not correlated with PCT, CRP, Lac or SOFA score. It was shown by binary logistic regression that Bregs [odds ratio (OR) = 1.865,P = 0.028] and APACHE Ⅱ score (OR = 0.853,P = 0.026) were independent risk factors for elderly sepsis outcome. It was shown by ROC curve analysis that the prognostic value of the levels of Bregs at 1, 3, 7 days and APACHE Ⅱ score were higher in the elderly patients with sepsis, and the area under ROC curve (AUC) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were 0.842 (0.647-0.954), 0.770 (0.564-0.911), 0.888 (0.703-0.977), 0.855 (0.661-0.961), respectively, allP < 0.01. The 7-day Bregs was most powerful to predict outcome, when the cut-off value was 0.50 cells/μL, the sensitivity was 72.73% and specificity was 86.67%. Conclusions The level of peripheral blood CD20+ CD24hi CD38hi Bregs could predict the clinical outcome of elderly patients with sepsis.

Objective To investigate the occurrence of postoperative healthcare-associated infection(HAI)in pa-tients with hepatobiliary malignant tumor,explore the related risk factors,so as to provide the basis for taking ef-fective prevention and control measures.Methods The occurrence of postoperative HAI in patients with hepatobili-ary malignant tumor in a hospital from January 2012 to December 2014 were retrospectively analyzed,risk factors for postoperative HAI were analyzed through reviewing and collecting patients’medical data.Results A total of 302 patients were investigated,42 (13.91 %)developed postoperative HAI,no multiple site infection occurred,the main infection site was deep surgical site (n=10,23.81 %),followed by lower respiratory tract (n=9,21 .43%) and digestive system (n=7,16.67%).Of 42 infection cases,38(90.48%)were sent specimens for pathogenic cul-ture,36 pathogenic strains were isolated,31 (86.11 %)of which were gram-negative bacteria,and 5 (13.89%) were gram-positive bacteria.Multivariate logistic analysis showed that operation duration≥2 hours (OR =1 .48), overweight (or obesity)(OR=1 .40),and preoperative radiotherapy (OR=2.98)were independent risk factors for postoperative HAI in patients with hepatobiliary malignant tumor (all P <0.05).Conclusion Incidence of postoper-ative HAI is high in patients with hepatobiliary malignant tumor,risk factors are long length of operation,over-weight (or obesity),and preoperative radiotherapy,effective prevention and control measures against risk factors should be taken.

Objective To investigate the regulatory role of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) on acute lung injury (ALI), and its molecular mechanism. Methods Twenty C57BL/6 male mice and 20 PD-L1 knock out male mice were collected, and they were divided into two groups by random number table, respectively: namely sham group and ALI group, 10 mice in each group. The model of ALI was reproduced by two-hit of hemorrhagic shock and sepsis, and the mice in sham group were only got bilateral femoral artery exposure and ligation without bleeding, cecal separation without ligation and perforation. The mice were sacrificed 24 hours after model reproduction, and the lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected. The mRNA and protein expression levels of PD-L1 in the lungs were determined by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western Blot. The pathological changes were observed with microscopy. The protein levels in BALF were determined. The granulocyte differentiation antigen 1 (Gr1) positive cells was determined by cytometry, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in lung tissue was determined. The levels of proinflammatory factors interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and chemotatic factors keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC), macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) in lung homogenates and BALF were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Compared with sham group, the mRNA and protein levels of PD-L1 in lung tissue of C57BL/6 mice in ALI group were significantly elevated [PD-L1 mRNA (2-ΔΔCt): 3.20±0.76 vs. 1.01±0.03, PD-L1 protein (A value): 0.98±0.16 vs. 0.15±0.04, both P < 0.05]. It was shown by light microscopy that the alveolar wall was thickened, congestive, edema and spot bleeding with a large number of inflammatory cell infiltration in the lung tissue of C57BL/6 mice in ALI group, and an obvious protein leakage was found in BALF (ng/L: 0.18±0.06 vs. 0.05±0.01, P < 0.05). The lung injury degree of PD-L1 knockout ALI mice was significantly less than that of C57BL/6 ALI mice, and the protein leakage was significantly reduced in BALF (ng/L: 0.11±0.02 vs. 0.18±0.06, P < 0.05). Compared with corresponding sham group, the number of Gr1 positive cells, MPO activity in lung tissue as well as the levels proinflammatory factors and chemotatic factors in lung tissue and BALF in ALI group were significantly increased. However, when compared with C57BL/6 ALI mice, above parameters in lung homogenates and BALF were significantly decreased in PD-L1 knockout ALI mice [number of Gr1 positive cells: (39.0±4.0)% vs. (45.0±8.0)%, MPO activity (U·μg-1·min-1): 2.85±0.62 vs. 4.52±1.16; lung IL-6 (ng/g): 461±111 vs. 728±28, TNF-α (ng/g): 1 123±175 vs. 1 500±327, KC (ng/g): 150±34 vs. 250±28, MIP-2 (ng/g): 1 263±468 vs. 1 763±323; BALF IL-6 (ng/L): 134±22 vs. 258±38, TNF-α (ng/L): 598±102 vs. 889±139, KC (ng/L): 934±286 vs. 1 258±336, MIP-2 (ng/L): 650±130 vs. 950±256; all P < 0.05]. Conclusion PD-L1 may play an important protective role in the immunological mechanism of ALI, which may be mediated by decreasing chemotactic factor KC and MIP-2 and mitigating neutrophil chemotaxis in lung tissue.

Objective To investigate the association between endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1)gene polymorphisms and psoriasis vulgaris (PsV)in a Chinese Han population. Methods Five milliliters of venous blood samples were collected from 289 patients with PsV and 292 human controls of Han nationality after informed consent. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)in the encoding area of the ERAP1 gene, including rs27044, rs30187 and rs26653, were genotyped by ligase detection reaction (LDR). With the PLINK 1.07 package, statistical analysis was carried out by using the chi-square test for comparisons of allele and genotype frequencies between the patient group and control group. The allelic odds ratio (OR)and its 95% confidence interval (CI)were calculated. In addition, haplotype analysis was conducted with the Haploview software. Results The frequencies of rs30187-C and rs26653-G alleles were significantly lower in the patient group (0.460 2 and 0.430 8 respectively), especially in patients with early-onset PsV(0.448 5 and 0.422 7 respectively), than in the control group(0.534 2 and 0.501 7 respectively, all P <0.05). The SNPs rs27044, rs30187 and rs26653 showed strong linkage disequilibrium with each other (r2 ≥ 0.717, D′ ≥0.962). Genotype analysis showed that the frequency of the rs30187 CC genotype was significantly lower in the patient group, especially in patients with early-onset PsV, than in the control group (P < 0.05 and 0.016 7 respectively)under a recessive mode of inheritance. Haplotype analysis revealed that the frequency of the haplotype H4: CTC was significantly increased in the patient group(0.050), especially in patients with early-onset PsV(0.052), compared with the control group (0.022, P < 0.05 and 0.016 7 respectively). Conclusions ERAP1 gene polymorphisms are associated with PsV, especially with early-onset PsV in Chinese Han population. The risk haplotype H4: CTC may be a susceptible factor for PsV.