In atherosclerosis, chronic inflammatory processes in local diseased areas may lead to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, we devised a highly sensitive H₂O₂-scavenging nano-bionic system loaded with probucol (RPP-PU), to treat atherosclerosis more effectively. The RPP material had high sensitivity to H₂O₂, and the response sensitivity could be reduced from 40 to 10 μmol/L which was close to the lowest concentration of H₂O₂ levels of the pathological environment. RPP-PU delayed the release and prolonged the duration of PU in vivo. In Apolipoprotein E deficient (ApoE^‒/‒) mice, RPP-PU effectively eliminated pathological ROS, reduced the level of lipids and related metabolic enzymes, and significantly decreased the area of vascular plaques and fibers. Our study demonstrated that the H₂O₂-scavenging nano-bionic system could scavenge the abundant ROS in the atherosclerosis lesion, thereby reducing the oxidative stress for treating atherosclerosis and thus achieve the therapeutic goals with atherosclerosis more desirably.

Objective:The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical value of CT-guided localization of pulmonary nodules with soft wire hook-wire by trailing technique.Methods:The clinical data of 211 pulmonary nodules of 185 patients from November 2020 to March 2022 in Beijing Aerospace General Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The pulmonary nodules were localized with soft wire hook-wire by trailing technique before video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS). The success rate, complications, pathological results and localization operations related data were statistically analyzed.Results:The success rate of localization was 97.63% (206/211), and the success rate of VATS removal was 99.53% (210/211). The average operation time was (7.19 ± 2.62) min, and the average time required for resection of lesions was 27 min (10 to 126 min). During the surgery, the soft wire hook-wire of two patient was found to be dislocated and retracted into the chest wall. The pulmonary nodules were successfully located and removed according traces left by puncture points on the lung surface. It was found that the hook-wire was located in the interlobar fissure in 3 patients. The pulmonary nodules were successfully removed by the hook-wire position and appropriately expanding the resection range. A minor pneumothorax occurred in 49 patients, but no closed drainage was needed; 12 patients developed intrapulmonary hematoma; 15 patients with chest pain were treated with analgesia.Conclusions:For small pulmonary nodules requiring thoracoscopic surgery, the computed tomography-guided pulmonary nodule localization with soft wire hook-wire by trailing technique is more convenient, safe and effective, and is worthy of promotion to use.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect and prognostic significance of lateral lymph node dissection (LPLND) in patients with lateral lymph node (LPLN) metastasis. Methods The clinicopathological data of rectal cancer patients who underwent total mesorectal excision (TME) combined with LPLND and pathologically confirmed as LPLN metastasis after operation were retrospectively analyzed. The clinicopathological characteristics and metastasis rules of patients with LPLN metastasis were discussed, and the survival prognosis after LPLND was analyzed. Results A total of 102 rectal cancer patients with pathologically confirmed LPLN metastasis were included. The common sites of LPLN metastasis were internal iliac vessels lymph nodes (n=68, 66.7%), followed by obturator lymph nodes (n=44, 43.1%), and common iliac vessels or external iliac vessels lymph nodes (n=12, 11.8%). There were 10 patients (9.8%) with bilateral LPLN metastases, and the mean number of LPLN metastases was 2.2±2.4, among which 16 patients (15.7%) had LPLN metastases number≥2. The 3-year OS (66.8% vs. 7.7%, P < 0.001) and DFS (39.1% vs. 10.5%, P=0.012) of patients with LPLN metastases to the external iliac or common iliac lymph node were significantly lower than those with metastases to the internal iliac or obturator lymph node. The multivariate analysis showed that LPLN metastasis to external iliac or common iliac lymph node was an independent risk factor both for OS (HR=3.53; 95%CI: 1.50-8.31; P=0.004) and DFS (HR=2.40; 95%CI: 1.05-5.47; P=0.037). Conclusion LPLN mainly metastasizes to the internal iliac or obturator lymph node areas. The survival of patients with metastasis to the external iliac or common iliac lymph node cannot be improved by LPLND, and thus systemic comprehensive treatment is often the optimal treatment option.

Objective To investigate the effect of the amputation order of pulmonary artery and pulmonary artery on pulmonary residual blood volume in total thoracoscopic lobectomy.Methods Sixtyeight patients who were scheduled to underwent total thoracoscopic lobectomy from June 2015 to April 2019 in Beijing Aerospace General Hospital were selected.The patients were divided into first amputation pulmonary artery group and first amputation pulmonary vein group by random envelope method with 34 cases in each group.Five cases in first amputation pulmonary artery group and 4 cases in first amputation pulmonary vein group were excluded because of the procedure modification or the fragmentation of the specimen during the course of operation.In the end,29 cases were enrolled in first amputation pulmonary artery group and 30 cases in first amputation pulmonary vein group.In first amputation pulmonary vein group,all arteries were ligated before interruption of the veins;and in first amputation pulmonary artery group had a reverse sequence.The perioperative period status were recorded,and the crude pulmonary quality,dry pulmonary quality,pulmonary residual blood volume and adjusted pulmonary residual blood ratio were measured or calculated.Results All 59 patients were operated successfully.No serious complications occurred,no perioperative death occurred,and no patients needed blood transfusion.There was no statistical difference in the incidence of minor complications between first amputation pulmonary artery group and first amputation pulmonary vein group:27.6％ (8/29) vs.33.3％ (10/30),P＞0.05.There were no statistical differences in operative time,transoperative bleeding volume,pulmonary residual blood volume,crude pulmonary quality,dry pulmonary quality,adjusted pulmonary residual blood ratio,hemoglobin difference before and after surgery,postoperative drainage time and postoperative hospitalization time between 2 groups (P＞0.05).Conclusions The amputation order of pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein sequence of vessel interruption during total thoracoscopic lobectomy has no effect on the pulmonary residual blood volume,can be reasonably selected according to the intraoperative situation.

Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of reduced port laparoscopic radical resection on colorectal cancer. Methods: Clinical data of 46 patients with colorectal cancer undergoing reduced port laparoscopic radical resection were retrospectively analyzed. Results: All of 46 patients underwent laparoscopic surgery, with an average operation time of 206 minutes, an average intraoperative bleeding of 56 ml, an average number of lymph nodes removement of 12/case (ranged from 6 to 21). One case had incision infection, 2 cases had anastomotic leakage, and they all recovered and discharged after treatment. Conclusions Reduced port laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer is safe and feasible, reduces labor costs, and has a good clinical efficacy, which is worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics and risk factors of intracranial and extracranial aterial lesions in Chinese patients with ischemic stroke . Methods In this multi‐center study ,2 310 continuously inpatients with ischemic stroke diagnosed in 20 stroke screening and prevention project base hospitals from June 2015 to M ay 2016 were enrolled . Carotid ultrasonography and transcranial color‐coded sonography or transcranial Doppler were performed in all patients to confirm the presence of cerebral artery stenosis or occlusion . According to the distribution of lesions ,the subjects were divided into 2 groups :the simple intracranial artery stenosis group and the simple extracranial artery stenosis group . T he difference of risk factors between the two groups was compared . Results Of the 2 310 patients with ischemic stroke ,1 516 ( 65 .6% ) had simple intracranial artery stenosis and 794 ( 34 .4% ) had simple extracranial artery stenosis . T he incidence of anterior circulation artery stenosis was higher in the group of intracranial artery stenosis than that in the extracranial artery stenosis group ( 68 .1% vs 48 .7% , P ＜0 .001) . Posterior circulation artery stenosis and combined anterior with posterior circulation artery stenosis were more common in patients with extracranial artery stenosis group than those in intracranial artery stenosis group ( 36 .4% vs 22 .1% ,14 .9% vs 9 .8% ;all P ＜0 .001) . Univariate analysis of risk factors for stroke showed that patients with intracranial arterial stenosis had a higher prevelence of hypertension , diabetes ,obesity ,and family history of stroke ,and their systolic blood pressure ,diastolic blood pressure , body mass index ( BM I) ,fasting blood‐glucose ,glycosylated hemoglobin ,triacylglycerol ,total cholesterol , and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly higher than those in the extracranial arterial stenosis group ( all P ＜ 0 .05 ) . T he proportion of elderly ( ≥ 65 years old ) ,male and smokers in the extracranial arterial stenosis group was significantly higher than that in the intracranial arterial stenosis group ( all P ＜0 .05) . Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that elderly ( ≥65 years old) ,male , and smoking history were independent risk factors for extracranial arterial stenosis ( OR＝ 2 .012 ,1 .637 , 1 .325 ,respectively ;all P ＜0 .05) . While hypertension ,diabetes ,less physical activity ,and high BM I levels were independent risk factors for simple intracranial arterial disease ( OR ＝ 1 .301 ,1 .252 ,1 .248 ,1 .030 , respectively ;all P ＜0 .05) . Conclusions There are significant differences in the distribution characteristics and risk factors of intracranial and extracranial aterial lesions in patients with ischemic stroke in China .

Objective To observe the effects of Tongluo-Jiedu-Huazhuo decoction on hemorheological indexes and gastric juice components in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis.Methods According to the inclusion criteria,84 patients with chronic atrophic gastritis were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group,with 42 cases in each group.The control group received the routine clinical treatment,and the observation group was treated with Tongluo-Jiedu-Huazhuo decoction on the basis of the control group.The clinical symptoms were scored before and after treatment.The blood viscosity,plasma viscosity,hematocrit,fibrinogen and erythrocyte aggregation index were measured bY automatic hemorheology instrument,and gastric juice pH,free acid,pepsin and nitrite levels were measured by serial gastric juice detection method.The clinical efficacy was evaluted.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 90.5％ (38/42),and the total effective rate of the control group was 76.2％ (32/42),with statistically significant difference (Z=-2.683,P＜0.05).After treatment,the scores of epigastric pain,stomach swelling,nausea and vomiting,acid reflux and dietary deficiency in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (t were 4.865,4.632,4.716,4.582,4.433,respectively,all Ps＜0.05),and the whole blood viscosity,plasma viscosity,hematocrit,fibrinogen and erythrocyte aggregation index were significantly lower than those in the control group (t were 5.044,4.462,5.274,4.231 and 4.485,respectively,all Ps＜0.05).The gastric juice pH (2.28 ± 0.33 vs.2.75 ± 0.38,t=4.825),nitrite (33.27 ± 4.45 mg/L vs.38.80 ± 4.93 mg/L,t=5.136) in the observation group were significantly lower than the control group (P＜0.05).The free acid (22.13 ± 3.36 mmol/L vs.18.65 ± 2.54 mmol/L,t=5.382),pepsin (144.56 ± 15.86 U vs.137.16 ± 14.63 U,t=5.736) in the observation group were significantly higher than the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusions The application of Tongluo-Jiedu-Huazhuo decoction in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis can improve the hemorrheology index and regulate the function of gastric secretion,which is helpful to protect the gastric mucosa and relieve the clinical symptoms.

Objective To observe clinical effect of Huxiang-Yangwei powder combined with conventional western medicine on gastric motility and gastrointestinal hormones in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis. Methods A total of 100 patients with chronic atrophic gastritis according to the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group, with 50 cases in each group. The control group was given routine symptomatic treatment. Based on the treatment of control group, the observation group was given Huxiang-Yangwei powder therapy. After 1 month, the gastroscope score, pathological tissue score, gastric motility index (gastric motility rhythm, gastroelectric rhythm and gastric antrum motility), and the improvement of plasma gastrointestinal hormone (MTL, GAS, SS) were compared. Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 92.0% (42/50), and the total effective rate of the control group was 78.0% (39/50), with statistically significant (Z=-2.978, P=0.003). After treatment, the under gastroscope score (0.59 ± 0.06 vs. 1.23 ± 0.17, t=4.877) and the pathological organization score (0.65 ± 0.08 vs. 1.33 ± 0.19, t=5.096) of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the gastric motility rhythm (76.15% ± 8.77% vs. 62.35% ± 7.31%, t=5.301), gastroelectric rhythm (81.02% ± 9.23% vs. 73.02% ± 8.43%, t=5.286), gastric antral motility (0.012 ± 0.002? vs. 0.008 ± 0.001 ?, t=4.160) of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the plasma MTL (246.73 ± 31.82 pg/ml vs. 203.86 ± 27.91 pg/ml, t=5.832), GAS (49.55 ± 6.25 pg/ml vs. 35.81 ± 4.63 pg/ml, t=5.126), SS (17.35 ± 2.76 pg/ml vs. 15.01 ± 2.60 pg/ml, t=4.970) of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions The application of Huxiang-Yangwei powder in the treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis patients can repair gastric mucosa, regulate gastrointestinal hormone levels and increase gastric motility.

Objective To assess the choice between direct operation and followed- up observation for subclinical esophageal submucosal mass. Methods The clinical data of 133 patients with subclinical esophageal submucosal mass from February 1996 to October 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the modes of intervention: direct operation group (82 cases) and followed-up group (51 cases). Their clinical data, imaging, endoscopy information, modes of intervention and final outcome were compared. Results All of the 133 patients were considered as esophageal leiomyoma. The age and body examination detection rate in direct operation group were significantly lower than those in followed-up group: (47.7 ± 13.1) years vs. (52.2 ± 10.1) years and 15.9% (13/82) vs. 37.3% (19/51), the tumor diameter, case history and incidence of chest and abdominal pain were significantly higher than those in followed-up group: (2.2 ± 1.4) cm vs. (1.7 ± 1.0) cm, 51 (44, 60) months vs. 47 (40, 55) months and 28.0% (23/82) vs. 9.8% (5/51), and there were statistical differences (P＜0.05 or ＜0.01). There was no operative mortality in direct operation group, and the incidence of mild surgical complication was 8.5% (7/82); the pathological result showed that esophageal leiomyoma and other benign diseases were in 70 cases, and malignant disease in 12 cases (12 cases of malignant diseases who missed diagnosis before operation were mostly caused by incomplete examination.). In followed-up group, the mean observation time was 35.5 (3 to 240) months, disease progression was in 23 cases (45.1%, 23/51), 3 cases developed new-onset symptoms, 20 cases increased in diameter, and the average doubling time was 856 (126 to 2 891) d. Twenty-seven patients eventually underwent surgery (52.9%, 27/51, post-observation intervention group), without perioperative death, and the incidence of surgical complication was 7.4% (2/27). The pathological result showed that esophageal leiomyoma and other benign diseases were in 23 cases, and malignant disease in 4 cases. Compared with direct operation group, post-observation intervention group had no delayed treatment due to the observation and did not increase the surgery risk and difficulty, and no malignant transformation occurred. Conclusions Subclinical esophageal submucosal mass could be followed up, but endoscopic ultrasonography, CT and gastrointestinal angiography must be performed and must be followed up closely.

Objective To explore the effectiveness of endoscopic ultrasound( EUS)-guided holmium laser ablation for primary pancreatic implantation tumor in nude mice. Methods Pancreatic cancer cell line SW1990 were implanted into 204-6-week-old male balb/c nude mice to establish primary pancreatic implantation tumor in situ models. Then the nude mice were randomly divided into two groups, the treatment group(n=10) and the control group(n=10). The treatment group underwent EUS-guided holmium laser ablation in the pancreatic tumor. And no interventions were given to the control group. The volume of tumors of the two groups were measured under EUS at time points of 7 d, 14 d and 28 d after ablation. The activities, appetites and psychosis of all nude mice were evaluated in the meantime. At 28 d after ablation, lesions of pancreas were dissected and sliced for H&E staining. Results There were no complications in the treatment group, and all nude mice could tolerate the procedure. The mental state, activities and appetites of nude mice in the experimental group were better than those in the control group. Tumors of the control group enlarged. There was significant difference in the tumor size between the two groups at 28 d after ablation. HE staining showed coagulation necrosis in the ablation area. Conclusion EUS-guided holmium laser, producing coagulative necrosis in the ablation area, is effective for primary pancreatic implantation carcinoma in nude mice for about 28 days.