PurposeRecurrence limits the survival of postoperative hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. The purpose of this study is to investigate the value of ultrasound (US), CT and MRI follow-up in alpha fetoprotein (AFP) negative HCC patients.Materials and MethodsThe follow-up data of 31 pathology-confirmed, AFP negative HCC patients were analyzed retrospectively. All patients underwent US, CT and MRI. Features including tumor size, morphology, echogenicity and enhancement pattern were analyzed. The recurrent lesion detection rates of all three diagnostic modalities were compared.ResultsThere were 55 recurrent lesions. On CT and MRI, these lesions were round or ovoid in shape with long axis of 0.7-3.4 (1.7±1.1) cm. There were 16 solitary lesions and multifocal lesions in 15 cases. US showed widely distributed blood vessels within the lesions and heterogeneous flow rate. CT and MRI demonstrated significant enhancement in the arterial phase with wash out in portal phase and delayed phase. The detection rate were 60.0% (33/55), 83.6% (46/55), 89.1% (49/55) for US, CT and MRI, respectively (χ2=15.120,P<0.01). Detection rate of MRI (80.0%, 16/20) was signiifcantly higher than that of CT (65.0%, 13/20) and US (40.0%, 8/20) for lesions with long axis diameter of 0.7-1.0 cm (χ2=6.910,P<0.05). For lesions between 1.0-2.0 cm, MRI, CT and US detection rate were 91.7% (22/24), 91.7% (22/24) and 66.7% (16/24), respectively (χ2=6.792,P<0.05). ConclusionImaging follow up can detect AFP negative HCC recurrence. MRI has unique advantage in lesions <2 cm.

This article introduces a high-magnification electronic endoscope system that utilizes a continuous zoom optical design,enabling high-magnification imaging at the cellular level.By selecting an appropriate initial retrofocus structure,the optimized modulation transfer function(MTF)curve of the zoom objective lens approaches the diffraction limit.Additionally,the tip and operation parts of the system incorporate modular gas-tight sealing and multiple layers of protective structure.The design employs efficient sealing materials and precise packaging techniques to ensure the system's sealing performance.The experimental results indicate that,under conventional imaging,the resolution is equivalent to 39.37 μm in object space,and the field of view angle is larger than 140 degrees.At magnified imaging,the resolution is equivalent to 2.78 μm in object space,and the observed actual field of view is greater than 800 μm×700 μm.When used with a 26-inch display monitor,the high-magnification electronic endoscope can achieve 500×optical magnification,allowing for the observation of features at the cellular level.Currently,this product has successfully achieved mass production and has undergone multiple animal trials,demonstrating its wide range of potential applications and significant clinical value.

Electronic endoscope is one of the crucial tools for minimally invasive diagnosis and treatment. Along with the continuous development of clinical applications, conventional electronic endoscope has not been able to meet all the clinical requirements. In recent years, with the rapid development of the material, sensor and electronic technologies, electronic endoscope has attracted many researchers and companies' attention. Nowadays, because of being suitable for some special mobile medical scenes like field operations, natural calamities and hospital first aids, various portable electronic endoscopes have been developed and applied in clinic. The present study aims to give a review on portable electronic endoscopes development and clinical applications.
Electronics ; Endoscopes

Artificial intelligence, as the breakthrough of current information technology, is gaining importance and being applied in more and more industries. Research on the application of artificial intelligence to the medical field has gradually matured and some products have come out. Relevant products in the United States have been approved by the FDA, mainly for image-based software products. In this paper, we studied the cases of image-based artificial intelligence aided diagnosis software approved by the US FDA, and analyzed the listing routes, clinical evaluation methods and clinical data processing of representative artificial intelligence products, and summarized the clinical evaluation characteristics of FDA for image-based artificial intelligence aided diagnosis software. Finally, problems that may be encountered in the clinical evaluation of similar products in China were considered, and relevant suggestions were put forward.
Artificial Intelligence ; China ; Software ; United States

Intelligent and precision medical treatment is the future development trend of surgical operations. We proposed a core architecture of orthopedic robots with human-like thinking based on the growing demand for orthopedic robots and disadvantages of current robots, it consists of brain, eyes and hands three modules according to functions. The architecture design is extremely in line with the doctor's logic so that the work process of the orthopedic robot is similar to the process of traditional surgery which is mainly done by the doctor's brain-eye-hand coordination. It realizes the digitization of the doctor's thinking, the immediacy and visualization of surgical information and the accuracy of surgical operation process. The clinical application proved that the orthopedic robot has the advantages of higher accuracy, less radiation and shorter operation time, which can be further promoted clinically.
Hand ; Humans ; Robotics

OBJECTIVES: Sleep disorders directly affect health-related quality of life, so it is of great significance to investigate the risk factors of sleep disorders and to actively intervene. This study aims to investigate the relationship between dietary patterns and associated factors and sleep disorders among the health screening populations in Changsha. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 86 073 subjects aged 18-70 years old who underwent the health screening. The association between dietary patterns and sleep disorders was analyzed. The associated factors for sleep disorders were identified via by principal component analysis and classification tree model. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of reporting sleep disorders was 18.64%. Four major dietary patterns (healthy, snacks, whole-grain, and fried food patterns) were identified. In logistic regression, snacks and fried food patterns had higher risk of sleep disorders. The whole-grain pattern was a protective factor for sleep disorders. Nine associated factors including age, susceptibility to anxiety, snacking parterns, feelings of depression, chronic pain, physical activity, educational level, gender, and weight, and 9 groups at high risk for sleep disorders were identified by classification tree model. CONCLUSIONS Sleep disorders are prevalent in the health screening population of Changsha. There is a close association between snacks dietary patterns and sleep disorders. It is necessary to promote healthy and reasonable diet, and keep good lifestyle for the prevention and control of sleep disorders. Health management after physical examination should take different health interventions for high-risk groups with different characteristics of sleep disorders.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diet ; Feeding Behavior ; Health ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Middle Aged ; Quality of Life ; Sleep Wake Disorders/epidemiology* ; Young Adult

Digital therapy shows promise in providing precise assessments and enhancing the efficacy of treatments for mental illness,offering advantages such as convenience,flexibility,and the potential to reduce costs by shifting towards preventive care.This article reviews the development and benefits of digital therapy in mental health care and discusses the challenges it faces,including concerns over privacy,ethics,security,acces-sibility issues,digital divides,and the lack of sufficient clinical validation and standardization.It also highlights specific risks to mental health patients and explores potential future developments such as integration with brain-computer interfaces and neurofeedback,the use of robot therapists based on large language models,applications of virtual reality or the metaverse,and combinations with traditional physical treatments and medications.The author calls for urgent policy recommendations to refine regulations,establish unified evidence standards,enhance train-ing and education for healthcare providers and patients,and to build multidisciplinary collaborative mechanisms to advance personalized and effective digital therapy in mental health.

Acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 5 (ACSL5), is a member of the acyl-CoA synthetases (ACSs) family that activates long chain fatty acids by catalyzing the synthesis of fatty acyl-CoAs. The dysregulation of ACSL5 has been reported in some cancers, such as glioma and colon cancers. However, little is known about the role of ACSL5 in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We found that the expression of ACSL5 was higher in bone marrow cells from AML patients compared with that from healthy donors. ACSL5 level could serve as an independent prognostic predictor of the overall survival of AML patients. In AML cells, the ACSL5 knockdown inhibited cell growth both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, the knockdown of ACSL5 suppressed the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway by suppressing the palmitoylation modification of Wnt3a. Additionally, triacsin c, a pan-ACS family inhibitor, inhibited cell growth and robustly induced cell apoptosis when combined with ABT-199, the FDA approved BCL-2 inhibitor for AML therapy. Our results indicate that ACSL5 is a potential prognosis marker for AML and a promising pharmacological target for the treatment of molecularly stratified AML.
Humans ; Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use* ; Apoptosis ; beta Catenin/metabolism* ; Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism* ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Coenzyme A Ligases/metabolism* ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism* ; Lipoylation ; Prognosis ; Wnt Signaling Pathway

Abivertinib, a third-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is originally designed to target epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-activating mutations. Previous studies have shown that abivertinib has promising antitumor activity and a well-tolerated safety profile in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. However, abivertinib also exhibited high inhibitory activity against Bruton's tyrosine kinase and Janus kinase 3. Given that these kinases play some roles in the progression of megakaryopoiesis, we speculate that abivertinib can affect megakaryocyte (MK) differentiation and platelet biogenesis. We treated cord blood CD34⁺ hematopoietic stem cells, Meg-01 cells, and C57BL/6 mice with abivertinib and observed megakaryopoiesis to determine the biological effect of abivertinib on MK differentiation and platelet biogenesis. Our in vitro results showed that abivertinib impaired the CFU-MK formation, proliferation of CD34⁺ HSC-derived MK progenitor cells, and differentiation and functions of MKs and inhibited Meg-01-derived MK differentiation. These results suggested that megakaryopoiesis was inhibited by abivertinib. We also demonstrated in vivo that abivertinib decreased the number of MKs in bone marrow and platelet counts in mice, which suggested that thrombopoiesis was also inhibited. Thus, these preclinical data collectively suggested that abivertinib could inhibit MK differentiation and platelet biogenesis and might be an agent for thrombocythemia.
Acrylamides/pharmacology* ; Animals ; Blood Platelets/drug effects* ; Cell Differentiation ; Megakaryocytes/drug effects* ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Piperazines/pharmacology* ; Pyrimidines/pharmacology*