Objective:To study the effect of sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia on stress reaction and kynurenic acid ( KYNA) level in serum of the patients with laparoscopic cholecystectomy .Methods:Totally 48 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomly divided into two groups.Group S(n=24) received sevoflurane inhalation and group V (n=24) received intravenous general anesthesia.The levels of norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (E), cortisol (Cor), KYNA and neutrophil and the neutrophil/lympho-cyte ratio were measured at five time points, namely T1(before the anesthesia), T2 (just after the surgery) , T3(in the morning of the first day after the surgery ) , T4 ( in the morning of the second day after the surgery ) and T5 ( in the morning of the third day after the surgery).The correlation of Cor, NE, E and NLR with KYNA was studied as well.Results:The levels of Cor, NE and E at the three time points after the surgery (T2, T3 and T4) in group V were significantly higher than those before the surgery (T1) with statistically significant difference (P<0.05), while those in group S had no significant changes (P>0.05).And the levels of Cor, NE and E at the three time points after the surgery (T2, T3 and T4) in group S were markedly lower than those in group V at the same time point (P<0.05).After the surgery (T2, T3, T4 and T5), KYNA levels in group V were significantly decreased and NLR values in group V were significantly increased when compared with those of T 1.In group S, KYNA levels and NLR values after the surgery (T2, T3, T4 and T5) were markedly increased , which were higher than those in group V at the same time point with statistically significant difference (P<0.05).The correlation analysis indicated the level of KYNA displayed positive correlation with the levels of NLR , Cr, Z and E (P<0.05).Conclusion:Sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia can inhibit the increase of stress reaction and KYNA level in the patients with laparoscopic cholecystectomy , which may be related with its anti-in ammatory properties .

Immunological alterations and changes in neurotransmission are considered to be crucial in the pathological process of depression. An immune activation including increased production of proinflammatory cytokines has repeatedly been described in depression, which shines a clue for new anti-depression therapy. Immune activation will lead to depression through serotonin and glutamate systems. This paper is attempted to review the immune mediated alterations on serotonin and glutamate systems.

The one-step method was adopted in this study to synthesize aliphatic polyurethane with 4,4-methylene dicyclohexyl diisocyanate(HMDI), 1,4-butanediol (BDO) and poly (tetrahydrofuran) (PTMG). The tests conducted on this material were: FIR spectrum, mechanical properties test, water contact angles test, hemolysis test and platelet adhesion test. Results showed that this material has a good tensile strength up to 30 Mpa, similar to aromaphatic polyurethane. But its tensile elongation, tensile permanent change, hydrophility are better than those of aromaphatic polyurethane. The hemolysis test and platelet adhesion test showed that it has good blood compatibility.
Animals ; Biocompatible Materials ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; toxicity ; In Vitro Techniques ; Materials Testing ; Platelet Adhesiveness ; drug effects ; Polyurethanes ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; toxicity ; Rabbits ; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ; Surface Properties ; Tensile Strength

Objective:To analyze and evaluate the application of quantitative fecal immunochemical test(FIT) in opportunistic screening of colorectal cancer in asymptomatic population undergoing health checkups.Methods:From January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2021, at the Health Management Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 53 319 subjects who underwent routine health checkups and with quantitative FIT opportunistic screening for colorectal cancer were selected. Those with positive quantitative FIT results and received colonoscopy were enrolled in the FIT positive group, and those with negative quantitative FIT results and received colonoscopy were enrolled in the FIT negative group. The participation rate and positive rate of quantitative FIT were analyzed. The results of colonoscopy and pathological findings were taken as the gold standard, including normal, non-polyposis lesions, polyposis (hyperplastic and(or) inflammatory polyps, non-advanced adenoma, advanced adenoma), and colorectal cancer, the detection rates of various lesions of the FIT positive and negative groups, the quantitative FIT measurement value of subjects, and the sensitivity and negative predictive value of quantitative FIT for colorectal cancer and advanced adenoma were analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was drawn and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated, the screening efficacy of quantitative FIT for colorectal cancer and advanced adenoma was evaluated. Chi-square test or Fisher exact probability method and Wilcoxon rank sum test were used for statistical analysis.Results:A total of 51 420 cases had completed quantitative FIT, and the total participation rate was 96.44% (51 420/53 319). Quantitative FIT was positive in 2 483 cases (4.83%). The participation rate of colonoscopy in FIT positive group was 26.22% (651/2 483), of which 540 cases were enrolled in FIT positive group. The colonoscopy participation rate of FIT negative group was 1.18% (576/48 937), of which 523 cases were enrolled in the FIT negative group. The detection rates of colorectal cancer and advanced adenoma in FIT positive group were both higher than those of the FIT negative group(3.9%, 21/540 vs. 0, 0/523; 16.1%, 87/540 vs. 3.3%, 17/523), and the differences were statistically significant(Fisher exact probability method and χ2=49.79; both P<0.001). Populations with quantitative FIT values from high to low were those with colorectal cancers, advanced adenomas, non-polyp lesions, non-advanced adenomas, normal, and hyperplastic and (or) inflammatory polyps (1 052.0 ng/mL(390.5 ng/mL, 3 058.0 ng/mL); 294.5 ng/mL (116.8 ng/mL, 951.8 ng/mL); 131.5 ng/mL (10.5 ng/mL, 327.3 ng/mL); 97.0 ng/mL (11.0 ng/mL, 238.0 ng/mL); 20.0 ng/mL (0.0 ng/mL, 175.3 ng/mL); 14.0 ng/mL (0.0 ng/mL, 171.0 ng/mL)), and the difference was statistically significant( H=120.53, P<0.001). The sensitivities(95% confidence interval (95% CI)) of quantitative FIT in colorectal cancer and advanced adenoma were 100.0%(80.8% to 100.0%) and 83.6%(74.8% to 89.9%), respectively. The negative predictive values (95% CI) were 100.0%(99.1% to 100.0%) and 96.7%(94.7% to 98.0%), respectively. The results of ROC analysis showed that the AUCs(95% CI) of quantitative FIT in colorectal cancer and advanced adenoma were 0.874(0.820 to 0.928) and 0.723(0.675 to 0.770), respectively. Conclusions:In this study, the participation rate of quantitative FIT is high. More patients with advanced adenomas and colorectal cancers are found in the high risk popolation with positive quantitative FIT. Quantitative FIT has a good sensitivity and a negative predictive value for colorectal cancer and advanced adenoma. Therefore, positive quantitative FIT-colonoscopies sequential screening should be advocated in population undergoing health checkups for colorectal cancer screening, and it may be applicable to large-scale population screening in China.

Objective:To study the expressions of heat shock protein (HSP) 90α and HSP90β in colorectal cancer and paracancer tissues, and to investigate the relationships between HSP90α, HSP90β and clinicopathological features of colorectal cancer patients, and to analyze their correlation.Methods:The tumor tissues and paracancer tissues of 117 patients with colorectal cancer were selected from the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University from January 2016 to December 2020. The expression levels of HSP90α and HSP90β were detected by immunohistochemistry, and the relationships between the two proteins and clinicopathological features and the correlation of their expressions were analyzed.Results:The positive expression rates of HSP90α in colorectal cancer tissues and paracancer tissues were 74.4% (87/117) and 12.0% (14/117) , and there was a statistically significant difference ( χ2=92.83, P<0.001) . The positive expression rate of HSP90β in colorectal cancer tissues and paracancer tissues was 61.5% (72/117) and 10.3% (12/117) , and there was a statistically significant difference ( χ2=66.86, P<0.001) . The expression of HSP90α was correlated with tumor location ( χ2=8.67, P=0.003) , vascular invasion ( χ2=8.68, P=0.003) , lymph node metastasis ( χ2=8.52, P=0.004) , T stage ( χ2=21.07, P<0.001) , N stage ( χ2=11.94, P=0.003) , M stage ( χ2=5.37, P=0.020) , pathological stage ( χ2=25.64, P<0.001) . The expression of HSP90β was correlated with lymph node metastasis ( χ2=4.03, P=0.045) , T stage ( χ2=11.09, P=0.007) , N stage ( χ2=6.56, P=0.038) , M stage ( χ2=12.43, P<0.001) , pathological stage ( χ2=17.34, P=0.001) . There was a positive correlation between the expressions of the two proteins in colorectal cancer tissues ( r=0.42, P<0.001) . Conclusion:The expressions of HSP90α and HSP90β in colorectal cancer tissues are significantly higher than those in paracancer tissues, and they are related to lymph node metastasis and pathological stage. There is a positive correlation between the two proteins, which may be involved in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer and are expected to become new tumor markers.

Tooth enamel is prone to be attacked by injurious factors, leading to a de/remineralization imbalance. To repair demineralized enamel and prevent pulp inflammation caused by biofilm accumulation, measures are needed to promote remineralization and inhibit bacterial adhesion on the tooth surface. An innovative material, poly (aspartic acid)-polyethylene glycol (PASP-PEG), was designed and synthesized to construct a mineralizing and anti-adhesive surface that could be applied to repair demineralized enamel. A cytotoxicity assay revealed the low cytotoxicity of synthesized PASP-PEG. Adsorption results demonstrated that PASP-PEG possesses a high binding affinity to the hydroxyapatite (HA)/tooth surface. In vitro experiments and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated a strong capacity of PASP-PEG to induce in situ remineralization and direct the oriented growth of apatite nanocrystals. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Vickers hardness tests demonstrated that minerals induced by PASP-PEG were consistent with healthy enamel in Ca/P ratio, crystal form and surface micro-hardness. Contact angle tests and bacterial adhesion experiments demonstrated that PASP-PEG yielded a strong anti-adhesive effect. In summary, PASP-PEG could achieve dual effects for enamel repair and anti-adhesion of bacteria, thereby widening its application in enamel repair.