MicroRNA (miRNA) is an endogenous nonprotein-coding short-chain RNA,and it involves in the evolution of a variety of malignant tumors through targeted inhibition of mRNA translation or mRNA cleavage of gene expression regulation cancer or tumor suppressor genes,meanwhile,is also an important molecule in the occurrence and development processes of tumor.In the recent studies,miRNA has played an important role in the proliferation,apoptosis and invasion of cholangiocarcinoma cells,and it maybe become a new biomarker for the early diagnosis,assessment of prognosis and chemotherapy of cholangiocarcinoma.

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition is not only involved in generating normal embryonic development of organs and tissues,but also helps to improve cancer cell invasion and metastasis.When epithelial-nesenchymal is stimulated,cell-cell adhesion and cell polarity are disrupted by disappearance of adhesion molecules such as Ecadherin,resulting in the acquisition of a mesenchymal phenotype.Consequently,cells which have acquired mesenchymal function activate the migratory and invasion capability in cancer.Studies have shown that part of the transcription factors,growth factors and signaling pathways involved in epithelial-nesenchymal process,and miRNA may participates in the proliferation,apoptosis,invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer cells by regulating oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes,which also relates to the regulation of epithelial-nesenchymal.This article will be reviewed in recent years specific miRNA regulatory mechanisms of gastric cancer epithelial-nesenchymal.

According to the current situation and issues about the development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) clinical treatment guidelines,to put forward ideas on the guidelines development:founding up an efficient organization composed of multi-disciplinary staff; following the procedures of the guidelines formulation and ensuring process quality; paying attention to evidence collection,evaluation,integration and recommendation; improving grade of TCM clinical evidence,exploring research methods appropriated to the characteristics of TCM; assessing the guidelines in order to enhance applicability of the guidelines,and so on.According to the features and reality of TCM,to put emphasis on improvement of the grade of the TCM clinical evidence,exploration and establishment of evidence evaluation and classification methods appropriated to the characteristics of TCM; exploration of recommendation methods reflected the characteristics of TCM,other relevant issues also in discussed.

Objective:To evaluate effect of TCM Compound Granule Dusuqing on elder lower respiratory tract infection and the quality of life.Methods:Elder patients with lower respiratory tract infection,200 cases of TCM is phlegmheat obstructing in the lung and(or)deficiency of both qi and yin,were randomly divided into treatment group and control group and were given antibiotics and symptomatic treatment,the treatment group was given Dusuqing at the same time for two weeks.Before and after treatment,TCM syndrome,clinical symptoms and signs and quality of life were observed.Results:TCM Syndrome:The total effective rate after treatment,treatment group was significantly higher than control group (P

Ojective To investigate the application of mini-laparoscopic herniotomy to the treatment of inguinal hernia in infants and children. Methods With the help of mini-laparoscope 600 children with indirect inguinal hernia were treated by purse-string ligature using lift-insert suture method from August 1998 to December 2000. Results There were 5 recurrences out of 600 cases, the recurrence rate being 0.83%, which was lower than that by the traditional method. Conclusions The principle of mini-laparoscopic herniotomy is sound and it is simple and convenient to handle. Small incision and minimal injuzy thought of as its additional advantages.

Objective To observe the mRNA expressions of ornithine decarboxylase(ODC), endostatin and microvessel density (MVD) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and their correlations, and to explore the mechanisms of ODC in facilitating angiogenesis, its correlation with invasion a nd metastasis of the carcinoma. Methods Semi-quantitative RT-PCR method was used to detect the mRNA expressions of ODC and endostatin in 41 paired surgically resected specimens of ESCC (T)and their adjacent tissue(N), a nd the T/N ratio was calculated.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the MVD by anti-CD 34 monoclonal antibody in ESCC tiss ue and corresponding adjacent tissue. Results Of 41 cases, the T/N ratio of ODC mRNA was greater than 1.0 in 39 cases (95.1%) and the T/N ratio of MVD was greater than 1.0 in 4 0 cases ( 97.6%). The mRNA expressions of ODC and endostatin, and MVD in esophageal specimens we re significantly correlated with tumor sizes, lymph node metastasis and adventit ia invasion. The mRNA expressions of ODC and endostatin were correlated with differentiation status of tumor. T/N value of ODC mRNA was positively correlated with T/N value of MVD, and nega tively correlated with the T/N value of endostatin mRNA. While the T/N value of endos tatin mRNA was negatively correlated with the T/N value of MVD. Conclusion ODC is closely related to tumor angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis of ESCC. It is possible that ODC overexpr ession may promote tumor angiogenesis by suppressing endostatin expression, which may be o ne of the mechanisms that ODC facilitates invasion and metastasis of ESCC.

Hepatic resection is the treatment of first choice for patients with primary or secondary hepatic tumours.Although liver resection techniques have improved considerably in the past 10 years,liver failure is still the most scared complication,particularly in patients with cirrhosis.In recent years,surgeons constantly attempt to overcome the limits of anatomy and the volume of tumor to increase resection rates.Therefore,accurate evaluation of the hepatic functional reserve is very important in the development of hepatobiliary surgery.

We reviewed the role of COX-2 independent targets of celecoxib and related compounds in cancer prevention and treatment. Direct non-COX-2 targets of celecoxib might be protein-dependent kinase 1 (PDK-1),Ca+ ATPase and carbonic anhydrase (CA), and so on; all of which are inhibited by celecoxib and are the main components in various pathways. Inhibition of these proteins leads to the induction of apoptnsis, the inhibition of cell cycle progression, angiogenesis, and metastasis, which are the main mechanisms by which celecoxib exerts its anticarcinogenic activity.

This paper was aimed to establish the curative effect evaluation indexes scientifically , which is the key technical step for the study of traditional Chinese medicine ( TCM ) effect evaluation methods under the mode of disease-syndrome combination. However, there is still a lack of generally accepted methods. In this paper , several key technical steps in the research process for establishing the curative effect evaluation indexes were put forward , namely , the framework of scientific and reasonable formation on the evaluation indexes is the premise; target selection of evaluation indexes is the core link; the evaluation and verification of evaluation in-dexes are key points , which provide the methodology reference for similar research in this field .

Based on the position and signifi cance of the syndrome in effect evaluation under the diagnose and treatment mode of the disease binding study and limitations of evaluation methods on some syndrome change,the article pointed out the comprehensive evaluation methods and possible ways by the combination of the evaluation on turnover regularity of syndrome and certain change of some syndrome,as well as preliminarily discussed several problems which should be paid attention to.