Objective To study the effect of mini percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (MPCNL) for non-nephredema kidney calculi. Methods A total of 47 patients with non-nephredema kidney calculi were enrolled in this study. Physiological saline solution was infused into the kidney through a ureteral catheter to induce hydronephrosis. C-arm X-ray machine was employed in percutaneous puncture and Wolf EMS was used to smash the calculi. Results The mean operation time was (120?35) min.The calculi were removed through one passage in 38 cases,through two passages in 6, and three passages in 3. Among the 47 patients, the MPCNL was performed once in 35, and twice in 12. The stone-free rate was 83.0% (39/47) and final stone-free rate was 93.6% (44/47). No complications were noted in all the patients. Conclusions Highly skilled technique is necessary in MPCNL for non-nephredema kidney calculi. The MPCNL is a safe, minimally invasive, and effective method. By using MPCNL, patients have less trauma, lower rate of calculi remaining, and quick recovery. As long as the surgeons are familiar with the technique of MPCNL and the anatomy of non-nephredema kidney, the therapeutic outcome can be as good as that in the patients with nephredema renal calculi.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of transurethral pneumatic ballistic lithotripsy via outer sheath of ureterorenoscope for bladder calculi. Methods From March 2003 to May 2007, 32 patients with bladder calculi were treated by transurethral pneumatic ballistic lithotripsy via outer sheath of ureterorenoscope. Results The operation was completed in all the patients without conversion to open surgery. Transurethral prostatectomy (TURP) was carried out on 22 patients who were complicated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Four patients received cystotrachelotomy because of bladder-neck contracture, and 4 underwent dilation of the urethra owning to urethral stenosis. Simple pneumatic ballistic lithotripsy was performed on two patients. The operation time was 25 to 90 minutes with a mean of (45?25) minutes. No patient had residual stones or perforation of bladder. One patient developed urethral stenosis after the operation. Conclusions Transurethral pneumatic ballistic lithotripsy via outer sheath of ureterorenoscope is a safe, less traumatic treatment for patients with bladder calculi with few complications. The method is especially suitable for patients with BPH.

Objective To evaluate modified retroperitoneal laparoscopic resection of renal cyst. Method Thirty-six patients with renal cyst were treated by modified retroperitoneal laparoscopic resection of renal cyst,summarized the clinic data and follow-up the effect. Results All 36 cases were operated suc-cessfuUy without changing to opening operation,average operation time (50 ± 35)min,no complications oc-curred and no recurrence was found. Conclusions The modified retroperitoneal laparoscopic resection of renal cyst with two 5 mm-trocars and one 10 mm-trocar has less trauma than classic laparoscopic operation. It is one of mini-trauma operation method which is worth to be popularized in clinic.

AIM: To evaluate the changes of serum total prostate specific antigen (T-PSA), free prostate specific antigen (F-PSA) and the ratio of F-PSA to T-PSA (F/T) in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) and its clinical significance. METHODS: The concentrations of T-PSA and F-PSA in serum were measured by micropartical enzyme immunoassay (MEIA) using AxSYM System, and the F/T ratio was calculated. RESULTS: Before operation, the concentrations of T-PSA and F-PSA in patients with PCa were much higher and F/T ratio was significantly lower than that in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). T-PSA and F-PSA levels decreased, but F/T ratio increased after operation in PCa and BPH. F/T ratio in 83.5% PCa and 6.5% BPH was less than 0.16. To diagnosis PCa, the sensitivity of F/T ratio was 83.5%, and the specificity was 86.7%. CONCLUSION: Serum T-PSA, F-PSA and F/T ratio are important parameters for the early diagnosis of prostate cancer. [

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect and complications of transurethral plasmakinetic prostatectomy (TUPKP) in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

METHODSAll 313 patients underwent TUPKP, and the operative indexes and perioperative blood indexes were recorded. After operation, 290, 288 and 142 cases of BPH were followed up at 1 month, 3 months and 1 year respectively. Qmax, IPSS and QOL were measured in all the catamneses.

RESULTSThe operative time was (51 +/- 22) min; the mount of blood loss was (66 +/- 60) ml; no TURS occurred in any cases. The mean catheterization time was (11 +/- 10) h and the mean postoperative stay was (3.6 +/- 1.3) d. Qmax increased from (9.0 +/- 4.4) ml/s to (20.5 +/- 7.1) ml/s at 1 month, (21.8 +/- 5.4) ml/s at 3 months and (21.4 +/- 6.6) ml/s at 1 year after operation (P < 0.01). Correspondingly, IPSS decreased from (26.2 +/- 5.1) score to (6.0 +/- 9.0) score, (5.6 +/- 0.8) score and (4.4 +/- 2.7) score (P < 0.01), and the QOL of all the catamneses significantly improved.

CONCLUSIONTUPKP, a safe and effective method with fewer complications, can be recommended for the treatment of BPH.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; surgery ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate ; methods