Objective:To construct a close-loop path management model for aspiration risk screening of patients in Department of Neurosurgery, and verify its application effect in the nursing of inpatients in department of neurosurgery.Methods:Through literature retrieval and expert consultation, the close-loop path management model of aspiration risk screening was constructed. The convenient sampling method was adopted to select inpatients in the Neurosurgery Department of a ClassⅢ Grade A hospital in Jiangmen of Guangdong Province from January to December 2019. The patients admitted from January to June 2019 were set as the control group and received routine aspiration assessment and management while the patients admitted from July to December 2019 were set as the observation group and received close-loop management of aspiration risk screening. The incidences of aspiration and aspiration pneumonia were compared between the two groups.Results:In the control group, there were 506 patients, of whom 92 (18.18%) had aspiration. In the observation group, there were 543 patients, of whom 74 (13.63%) had aspiration. There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence of aspiration between the two groups (χ 2=4.078, P=0.043) . The incidence of aspiration pneumonia was 8.10% (41/506) in the control group and 5.52% (30/543) in the observation group. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (χ 2=2.758, P=0.097) . Conclusions:The close-loop management of aspiration risk screening standardizes the process of aspiration risk screening, guarantees the implementation of dynamic assessment and effectively reduces the incidence of aspiration, which can provide a reference for improving the management level of prevention and treatment of aspiration.