Objective.The purpose of this study was to assess the renal graft expression of ICAM-1(intercellular adhesion molecule-1) nd LFA-1(lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1)molecule with relation to graft rejection.Methods.Rat kiney transplantation was performed according to the procedure of Kamada with some modification.Experimental rats were divided into 5 groups.The survival time of recipient rats and function of grafts after renal transplantation were observed.The sections of renal graft were stained for monoclonal antibody ICAM-1 and LFA-1, and then quantification of ICAM-1 and LFA-1 expression was accomplished by computer image analysis.Results.ICAM-1 and LFA-1 increased significantly in the renal allograft rejection group as compared with the non-rejection groups(P＜0.05).Conluson.Both biopsy of renal graft and monitoring of ICAM-1 and LFA-1 are useful tools in diagnosing and treating acute rejection.