Objective To explore the digital morphological and chromatic characteristics of erythrocytes infected with Plasmodium vivax. Methods The images of both normal and P. vivax infected erythrocytes were segmented and measured for morphologic parameters including area, length, breadth, perimeter, roundness, aspect ratio, equivalent circle diameter, as well as chromatic parameters including saturation and color (red, green, blue). A statistic analysis was performed for these parameters. Results Both morphological and chromatic parameters showed high significant differences between the normal and the infected erythrocytes, and high significant differences between the normal and the erythrocytes infected with different stages of P. vivax. Conclusion The differences mentioned above could be used as the basis for automatic identification of P.vivax in thin peripheral blood smears.

Objective To investigate if the relative ratio between C1q and C3a, C5a had a relationship with the extent of coronary artery disease ( CAD) which had never been evaluated in humans.Methods Fifty-three patients scheduled for elective percutaneous coronary intervention ( PCI ) from February, 2016 to April, 2016 at Fuwai hospital were prospectively enrolled.According to the clinical and angiographic characters patients were divided into two groups:acute coronary syndrome ( ACS) group ( n=24), and control group (n=29, 19 patients with stable angina and 10 patients without CAD confirmed by angiography).In all individuals, fasting venous blood was collected by EDTA tubes after admission and strictly before PCI.The plasma level of C1q was measured by immune turbidimetric analysis, C3a and C5a were measured by ELISA tests.Differences between groups were assessed using t test, Mann-Whitney Utests, chi-squared test or Fisher exact test depending on the type of data respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the adjusted effect of C1q, C3a, C5a, C1q/C3a and C1q/C5a on ACS.Results Compared with control group, ACS group has an elevated circulation level of C3a (4 531.14 μg/L vs.4 179.95 μg/L, t=1.381,P=0.173) and C5a (6.44 μg/L vs.4.42 μg/L, t=0.133, P=0.108) but a decreased level of C1q (176.98 μg/ml vs.200.60 μg/ml, t=-2.022, P=0.048).The relative ratio of C1q/C3a was significantly decreased in ACS patients(4.05 ×10 -2 vs.4.97 × 10 -2 , t=-2.484, P=0.016).According to the multiple logistic regression analysis, lower relative ratio of C1q/C3a level proved to be independently associated with ACS ( OR=0.937, P=0.047, 95% CI:0.879-0.998).Conclusions The decreased relative ratio of C1q/C3a level proved to be independently associated with ACS.C1q/C3a ratio could be used as an important index reflecting the complement system homeostasis status which might have potential clinical value in evaluating the prognosis of patients with CAD.

Objective To study the characteristics and regularities of Chinese drugs preparations ADR in order to improve the rational drug use.Methods A total of 112 cases of TCM ADR reports collected in 2009～2011 which have been presented to the Guangzhou ADR Monitoring Center.Results Of the 112 cases,26 kinds of drugs were involved,quinquagenarian were the main crowd,intravenous infusion was the main route of administration,the main types of TCM ADR were lesions of skin and accessories.Conclusion Great importance should be attached to TCM ADR monitoring to promote rational drug use in the clinic.

AIM: To determine whether the high mobility group protein I (HMGI) is able to bind to the upstream sequence of platelet-derived growth factor B-chain gene and to characterize the HMGI-binding AT-rich regions. METHODS: Recombinant human HMGI (rhHMGI) protein was prepared and electrophoresis mobility shift assay (EMSA) was used. RESULTS: The binding of rhHMGI to PDGF-B (-1 758 / +43 bp) was observed in vitro. Two major HMGI-binding fragments -1 392 / -1 180 bp and -188 / +43 bp were identified, which contained the same AT-rich sequence TTTATAAA (-1 333 / -1 326 bp, -1 314 / -1 307 bp and -30 / -23 bp). An oligonucleotide bound to the TTTATAAA and the GAGACC, the core sequence of the shear stress response element of the PDGF-B, could also bind to the HMGI. Furthermore, HMGI facilitated the binding of NF-?B to the GAGACC in the oligonucleotide. CONCLUSION: The HMGI could bind to the upstream sequence of the PDGF-B gene via the AT-rich sequence TTTATAAA, which may play a role in the transcriptional regulation of the PDGF-B gene.

Objective:To explore the efficient construction of HSF1 gene knockout mouse model using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology, and to establish the early basis for the mouse model of primary osteosarcoma.Methods:According to exon 9 of HSF1 gene structure, the corresponding GRNA (guideRNA) was selected and screened. Then the transcription template of sgRNA (small guide RNA) was amplified by PCR, and four up stream primers were obtained. Subsequently, sgRNA was transcribed in vitro and screened by Tube Screen platform to screen the sgRNA with effective cutting, and the sgRNA with the highest cutting efficiency was selected from the screening results for subsequent experiments. The transcription template of SPCas9mRNA was amplified by PCR, and then Cas9mRNA was transcribed in vitro. The sgRNA transcribed in vitro and Cas9mRNA were injected into the fertilized eggs of healthy C57BL/6 mice, and the tissue was extracted from the tail of the born mice and identified by PCR sequencing. Heterozygous female mice of F0 generation were selected to mate with wild-type male mice too btain F1 generation off spring. The mutation of gene bases of F1 generation mice was detected by AGAR gel electrophoresis and gene sequencing. The heterozygous male mice of the F1 generation and female mice of the F0 generation were back crossed to obtain the F2 generation daughter mice. The tail tissues were cut and sequenced to obtain the F2 generation homozygous knockout mice. PCR was used to observe the cutting efficiency of sgRNA and the sequencing of rat tail tissue, and SNAPGene software was used for gene sequence alignment to determine the deletion of base fragments.Results:The up stream primers sgRNA-1 Primer-f, sgRNA-2 Primer-f, sgRNA-3 Primer-f, sgRNA-4 Primer-f and down stream primers sgRNA-4 Primer -r were obtained by PCR amplification. After in vitro tran scription and screening of sgrRNA, sgrRNA-1, sgrRNA-2 and sgrRNA-4 had high cleavage efficiency and were selected for subsequent experiments. T7 promoter was added to the 5 'end of Cas9 mRNA, and Cas9 mRNA was obtained by PCR and in vitro transcription kit. Mixed Cas9-sgRNA solution was injected into the fertilized eggs of mice and cultured. The cultured two-cell fertilized eggs were injected into the ampulla of the pseudo pregnant female mice, and the F0 generation mice were obtained successfully. A total of 8 heterozygous mice of F0 generation were obtained by Agar gel electrophoresis. Three heterozygous knockout mice of F1 generation were obtained by breeding the female heterozygous mice of F0 generation with healthy wild-type male mice and PCR and sequencing. Three heterozygous male mice of F1 generation were back crossed with female mice of F0 generation 3 to obtain F2 generation mice. Through the observation of electrophoresis and sequencing results of F2 generation mice, it was confirmed that 7 mice were missing HSF1 base sequence, and the electrophoresis results showed mutant bands and no wild-type bands, which were identified as homozygous. The F2 generation homozygous mice were able to breed stably. As eries of results proved that the HSF1 gene knockout mouse model was successfully established in this experiment.Conclusion:CRISPR/Cas9 technology was successfully used to construct HSF1 gene knockout mouse model, with strong stability and high reproducibility, which laida foundation for further study of HSF1 gene expression products and establishment of mouse model of primary osteosarcoma.

Objective To evaluate the mechanical stability of alternative reconstruction methods after total en bloc spon?dylectomy in the lower lumbar spine. Methods Eight adult fresh cadaveric lumbosacral spines (L1-S1) were adopted. Total en bloc spondylecotmy of the L4 vertebra was performed after intact testing. Four designed reconstruction samples were tested for the range of motion (ROM) of the spine:1) expandable artificial vertebral body and short posterior instrumentation at L3-L5 (SP), 2) ex?pandable artificial vertebral body and short posterior instrumentation with additional anterolateral fixation at L 3-L5 (ASP), 3) ex?pandable artificial vertebral body and multilevel posterior instrumentation at L2-S1 (MP), 4) expandable artificial vertebral body and multilevel posterior instrumentation with additional anterolateral fixation at L2-S1 (AMP). Nondestructive biomechanical test?ing was performed on each construct under loading control. The ROM for each construct was obtained by applying pure moments in flexion, extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation. Results In flexion, extension and lateral bending, the ROM of all the re?constructed constructs significantly decreased compared to the intact. The ROM of specimens with anterolateral fixation was less when compared to the ones without additional fixation. In lateral bending, MP (L:1.87° ± 0.32° , R:1.97° ± 0.33° ), ASP (L:1.89° ± 0.37°, R:2.08°±0.36°) and AMP (L:1.32°±0.29°, R:1.61°±0.33°) provided significantly less ROM than the SP (L:3.14°±0.35°, R:3.44°±0.34°). In axial rotation, the ROM of ASP (L:4.21°±0.58°, R:4.02°±0.59°) and AMP (L:3.56°±0.55°, R:3.52°±0.48°) was significant decreased when compared to the intact state (L: 7.47° ± 1.00° , R:7.57° ± 0.84° ). MP (L:6.33° ± 0.71° , R:5.88° ± 0.62°), ASP and AMP showed significantly less ROM than the short posterior fixation (L:9.28°±1.01°, R:9.48°±0.98°). AMP sig?nificantly decreased the ROM compared to MP. Conclusion After total en bloc spondylectomy of lower lumbar, long segmental fixation provided more stability to the construct than the short one. Compared to posterior fixation, circumferential fixations showed a higher stability. In contrast, multilevel segmental instrumentation with circumferential fixation did not provided more stability than the short constructs.

Objective To investigate the infection status of Mycoplasma pirum among male HIV/AIDS patients in Jiangsu and analyze the risk factors.The genome sequencing of Mycoplasma pirum was completed for the first time.Methods Male HIV infected individuals and AIDS patients confirmed in Jiangsu province were enrolled for 4 repeated cross-sectional studies by means of detecting the first flow urine sample and venous blood sample collected and questionnaire survey after informed consent.Genome sequencing was conducted for Mycoplasma pirum by using Illumina Hiseq 2000 sequencing platform.Results A total of 1 541 HIV/AIDS patients were surveyed in this study.The infection rates of Mycoplasma pirurm was 15.4％.The patients who received no HAART had higher risk to be infected with Mycoplasma pirum (OR=1.344,95％CI:1.008-1.792).Otherwise,high CD4+T counts was a protective factor for Mycoplasma pirum infection (OR=0.600,95％CI:0.444-0.810).Based on the sequencing result,the genome size of Mycoplasma pirum was 850 704 bp,the GC content was 24.21％ the genome contained 708 genes,the total length of genes was 734 085 bp,the average length was 1 037 bp,accounting for 86.29％ of genome.Conclusion More attention should be paid to the high infection rate of Mycoplasma pirum among male HIV/AIDS patients in the future AIDS prevention and control.The first genome sequencing of standard Mycoplasma pirum strain was completed in this study (registering Serial number:AZHZ00000001),which can provide evidence for the further research of gene function and pathogenic mechanism of Mycoplasma pirum.

Objective To investigate procedure and therapeutic effect of resection and reconstruction for axis tumors through the sub mandible approach. Methods Between December 2004 to June 2010,17 patients with axis neoplasm underwent tumor resection and antero-posterior reconstruction through the combined the sub mandible-inner sternocleidomastoid muscle (SMIS) approach and posterior approach. Tumor lesions involved C2 in 11 cases, C2-3 in 4, C2-4 in 2. Eight cases involved vertebral body, and 9 involved both vertebral body and element. Fourteen primary lesions including 4 giant cell tumors, 4 plasmocytomas, 2 chordomas, 2 eosinophilic granulomas, 1 hemangiopericytomas and 1 lymphoma, and 3 metastatic lesions were involved in this study. Three types of reconstruction in upper cervical spine including titanium mesh plus vertically placed titanium plate, titanium mesh plus obliquely placed titanium plate and trimmed titanium mesh alone, were adopted after anterior tumor resection, and then posterior tumor resection and reconstruction were performed. Results All patients experienced pain relief and neurological improvement after surgery. Except for one incidence of screw pull-out which was corrected by a revision surgery, solid fusion was achieved in all patients. A follow-up period of 6 months to 6 years was available for this study. One patient died of cerebral infarction 9 months postoperative. Two patients with chordoma relapsed 13 months and18 months postoperative, respectively, of whom one died of high plegia and respiratory failure, and the other was alive with disease. Two patients with metastasis died of multiple remote metastases 12 months and 18 months postoperative, respectively. Conclusion Through the SMIS apporach, a satisfactory exposure can be obtained for axis tumor resection and reconstruction. Anterior reconstruction of upper cervical spine after tumor resection can be achieved with internal fixation system of cervical spine, which can improve intraopera-tive safety. The combined anterior reconstruction and posterior occipito-cervcial fixation can provide immediate stability, and benefit maintaining stability of upper cervical spine.

Objective To investigate the effect of para areola incision on the appearance of breast after excision of multiple benign breast lumps.Methods From February 2010 to November 2017,60 females of multiple benign breast tumor underwent surgical resection in the Fifth Peoples Hospital of Datong were selected and randomly divided into study group (n =30) and control group (n =30),respectively received periareolar incision and traditional incision surgery.The operation time and operation effect were compared between the two groups.VSS was used to compare the postoperative scar score between the two groups.The satisfaction for breast shape was also compared between the two groups.Results The operation time of the study group [(25.36 ± 7.69) min] had no statistically significant difference compared with that of the control group (t =0.264,P ＞ 0.05).The incision length and the amount of bleeding in the study group were (5.86 ± 2.49) mm,(9.69 ±e 5.68) mL,respectively,which were significantly lower than those of the control group (t =8.621,P ＜ 0.05;t =2.549,P ＜ 0.05).The obvious effective rate (53.33％ vs.43.33％),effective rate (40.00％ vs.33.33％) and total effective rate (93.33％ vs.76.67％) between the study group and control group had statistically significant differences (x2 =5.264,7.127,13.267,all P ＜ 0.05).The scar and breast shape scores of the study group were better than those of the control group[VSS:(4.35 ± 1.67)points vs.(7.92 ± 2.51) points,breast appearance:(1.38 ± 0.61) points vs.(4.92 ± 1.67) points,t =7.264,6.621,all P ＜ 0.05].Conclusion The resection of breast muhiple benign masses by parareone incision has less trauma,high resection rate,concealed incision and good cosmetic effect after operation,which meets the needs of the patients.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes,and the complications of staged minimally invasive surgery for adult degenerative scoliosis, comparing with that of the conventional open surgery. Methods: From Jun 2013 to Jun 2017, a total of 42 cases of degenerative scoliosis underwent surgical treatment. Among which, 23 cases underwent staged minimally invasive surgery(MIS group) and 19 cases underwent posterior open surgery(open group). The intra-operative bleeding, and operation time were recorded.The clinical outcomes were assessed using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for low back pain and leg pain.The radiological outcome was evaluated with Cobb angles and sagittal balance parameters (Sagittal Vertical Axis (SVA), Pelvic Incidence (PI)-Lumbar Lordosis (LL), Pelvic Tilt (PT)). The occurrence of complications was recorded. Results: The baseline demographic features of both groups (gender, age, medical comorbidity, etc.) were similar.The mean follow-up period for both groups was more than 2 years.The intraoperative bleeding in the MIS group 405.7±144.8 ml was significantly lower than that in the open group (2 005.3±728.4 ml, t=10.31, P<0.001); The total operation time 414.3±63.0 min of MIS group was significantly longer than that of the open group (304.2±51.8 min, t=6.10, P<0.001), but the operating time of each stage was shorter than the open group. The VAS score for back pain and leg pain,the ODI scores were significantly improved after surgery for both group, there was no significant difference between the two groups, but the low back pain and function in MIS group were better than the open group. The parameters of the coronal and sagittal deformity were significantly improved in both groups, correction of coronal deformity in MIS groupwassignificantly superior to the open group (F=12.02, P=0.001), there was no significant difference in sagittal balance correction between the two groups. The overall complication rate (63.2%) was slightly higher in the open group than in the MIS group (34.8%) without significant difference(χ²=3.36, P=0.07). The incidence of major complications in the open group was significantly higher than that in the MIS group (P=0.014). Conclusion Staged minimally invasive surgery can significantly relieve the patient's pain, improve functionand the coronal and sagittal balance of the patient, the early clinical and radiological outcomes were comparable to the open surgery; Minimally invasive surgery may significantly reduce the amount of bleeding and major complications. Minimally invasive surgery is safe and effective for carefully selected patients with degenerative scoliosis.However, the long-term outcomes of minimally invasive surgery remains to be followed up.