Objective To summarize the experience of use of partial cardiopulmonary bypass for surgery of descending thoracic aneurysm. Methods Thirty five patients were undertaken surgery of descending thoracic aneurysm using partial cardiopulmonary bypass and beating-heart technique in our hospital. The partial cardiopulmonary bypass includes left heart bypass (left atrial to femoral artery bypass), pulmonary artery to femoral artery bypass, femoral vein to femoral artery bypass. Results Only one patient died, the other thirty four patients experienced an uneventful recovery. There was no any complication related to partial cardiopulmonary bypass. Conclusion The use of partial cardiopulmonary bypass for surgery of descending thoracic aneurysm can reduce and avoid the complications of nervous system and urinary system effectively.

Objective To study and evaluate the diagnostic procedures and the treatment strategy of adrenal tumors. Methods The accurate rate of localization and qualitative diagnosis of various imaging procedures for 117 cases of adrenal tumors were analyzed and the treatment efficacy studied. Results The accurate localization rate of the tumors was 84.6% for B ultrasonography,90.6% for CT,98.1% for MRI and the accurate qualitative diagnosis rate 39.2%,69.6% and 79.6% respectively.107 of the 117 cases were surgically cured,of which 30 were considered as large tumors with a volume exceeding 10 cm?5 cm?4 cm,the largest being 20 cm?15 cm?10 cm.9 patients underwent intervention therapy and no surgical procedure has been undertaken in 1. Conclusions Imaging procedures are very helpful for the localization and qualitative diagnosis of adrenal tumors.B ultrasonography can be used as a screening procedure.CT and MRI are high in accurate localization rate.As to the accurate qualitative diagnosis rate MRI is a little higher than CT.Accurate surgical incision is of prime importance for a surgical success.Adequate perioperative preparation can minimize complications to occur.Laparoscopic ultrasonography should be on schedule whenever laparoscopic adrenalectomy is contemplated.

Object In order to identify the medicine at the molecular level, the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) of Saussurea medusa Maxim and its easily confusable species were sequenced Methods The double stranded DNA was amplified using PCR systems 9 600 kits and sequenced on an ABI 377 automated sequencer from both directions Results The ITS sequences of S medusa of different populations showed no variation, but there existed distinct variation between S medusa and its confusable species Conclusion ITS sequences can be used for the molecular authentication between S medusa and its confusable species

AIM:To investigate the inhibitory effect of dihydro-?-erythroidine on nicotine induced-current in cultured superior cervical ganglion of neonatal rats.METHODS:Pneumatic pressure administration of drug and whole-cell recording techniques were performed to compare induced-current amplitude.RESULTS:Dihydro-?-erythroidine competitively antagonized nicotinic effect,and EC50 was about 0.015mmol/L.CONCLUSION:Dihydro-?-erythroidine is a competitive antagonist of nicotinic receptors in sympathetic neurons.

Objective To establish the animal model(rabbit) of shoulder instability for providing the experimental basis of related studies.Methods shoulder joints of 6 skeletally matured New Zealand white rabbits were measured with the anatomical characteristics and joint motion range in order to determine the operative approach,the similarities of skeletal structure,surrounding muscles,joint capsule and ligaments between rabbit and human were compared.Eighteen rabbits,weighing between 2.5 and 3kg were randomized into 2 groups(experimental group 12 and control 6).In experimental group,instability model was established by means of the operation procedure as follows:the glenohumeral joint of right shoulder was exposed by cutting the subscapularis tendon,then the anteroinferior labrum and surrounding capsular ligament were excised.For control group,sham operation was performed by only curing the skin and superficial tissue,the subscapularis tendon and glenoid structures was kept intact.The specimens of 6 rabbits were harvested 6 weeks after operation.The remaining rabbits of both experimental and control groups were killed 12 weeks post the operation for specimens processing.The motion range and instability were measured in all specimens.Results The gross anatomy of shoulder ioint in rabbit is similar to human.In experimental group,the stability is showed less than control,grade 2 anterior instability was found.The motion range was restricted in all directions,such as external and internal rotation,extension and abduction compared to control group.Conclusion Rabbit is suitable to establish animal model for shoulder instability and related iniuries,the animal model which was designed by this study could provide valuable information for the research of anterior shoulder instability.

Objective To summarize the sonographic characteristics of parathyroid adenomas(PAs) and investigate the diagnostic values and best diagnostic thinking for an early detection. Methods Sixteen cases finally proved with PAs were retrospectively analyzed of their clinical complaints, the department for their initial consultation,indicative ultrasound findings for neck scanning, major manifestations of PAs on a series of three-mode ultrasound imagings,association of adenoma sizes to serum parathyroid hormone(PTH) levels. Results On multimode ultrasound images, the PAs were multidisciplinary morphologic, homogenously hypoeehoic,absent of calculus and necrosis,highly vascularized with color signals,and similar to thyroid in contrast agents perfusion. Serum PTH levels were elevated in accordance with increase of adenomas' size. Among the 16 cases 12 were defined as with parathyroid incidentalomas, to which liver or/ and kidney stones were contributed as indicatives. Conclusions High frequency ultrasound with multiple imaging modes are most suitable for scanning and detection of neck PAs. For those with stones in liver and urinary tracts, unknown bone fracture etc, ultrasound scanning of the neck parathyroids used to reveal latent PAs.

The fifth muscarinic receptor (M5), the last one of the mus ca rinic receptor family to be cloned, has the same basic formation characterizatio n as G-protein coupled receptor family. M5 transduces signals by coupling with G-proteins, which then modulate the activities of a number of effector enzymes and ion channels. As M5 also plays a variety of prominent physiological roles by regulating central transmitters NO and DA, it has been considered as a novel dr ug therapy target for drug addiction, dysfunction of dopamine-ergic nervous sys tem, Alzheimers disease and cerebral ischemia.

Objective:To observe the effects and mechanism of Xiezhuo Jiedu Decoction on the expression of IL-10,TNF-? and NF-?B in ulcerative colitis rat.Methods:2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid(TNBS)/ethanol solution was administrated by enema to establish ulcerative colitis rats models.Five groups were set up in the experiments:normal control group,model control group,salazosulfamide group,Xiezhuo Jiedu Decoction low-dose group,Xiezhuo Jiedu Decoction high-dose group;Pathomorphological observation was carried out on the rats'colon(DAI scores and CMDI scores).Cytokines IL-10,TNF-? were determined by radioimmunoassay;NF-?B p65 was determined by immunohistochemical staining(SP method).Results:Xiezhuo Jiedu Decoction can significantly reduce the CMDI sores of the rats'colon and the expression of NF-?B p65,increase the content of IL-10,decrease the content of TNF-?.Conclusion:Xiezhuo Jiedu Decoction had good therapeutic effect on ulcerative colitis in rats,its mechanism may be related to reducing the expression of NF-?B p65,increasing the content of IL-10,decreasing the content of TNF-?.

Objective: To study the chemical co nstituents obtained from Hedysarum multijugum . Methods: The compounds were separated by liquid-liquid extraction a nd chromatography, their structures were identified by spectral analyses. Results: Seven compou nds were obtained triacontyl alcohol (1); tetra cosanoic acid (2); 5,7-dihydro xy-6, 8-di-C-prenyl -4′-methoxy -isoflavone (3); 4′-hydroxy-trans-cinnamic acid docosyl ester (4); stigmasterol (5); 5, 7-dihydroxy-6-C-prenyl-4′-methoxy-isofl avone (6, Gancaonin M); caffeic acid tetracosyl ester (7). Conclusion: Compounds 3 and 4 were new natural compoun ds and the rest were obtained from the plant for the first time.

Objective:To analyze the effect of tanreqing injection on the serum levels of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods:102 patients with COPD were divided into the control group and the observation group according to random number table method,52 cases in each group.The control group was treated with routine therapy,and the observation group was treated with Tanreqing injection based on the control group.The serum TGF-β,MMP-9 levels,forced vital capacity (FVC),1 s forced expiratory volume (FEV1),partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2),oxygen partial pressure (PaO2),CD4+,CD86,CD4+/CD8+,syndrome integral,clinical efficacy and incidence of side effects were observed and compared between the two groups.Results:After treatment,the serum TGF-β,MMP-9 levels,PaCO2 and syndrome integral of observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group,the PaO2,CD4+,FVC,FEV1,CD4+/CD8+ and the clinical efficacy of observation group were obviously higher than those of the control group (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of side effects between the two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion:Tanreqing injection could effectively reduce the serum levels of TGF-β and MMP-9,and improve the arterial blood gas,lung function and immune function in treatment of patients with COPD.