Based on the comparison of medical humanistic education among The Mainland,Hong Kong and Taiwan,this article arrives at the conclusion that the gap in the field of humanity education in the Mainland is one of the important reasons that cause the ever-tenser physician-patient relationship in nowadays.So we propose the countermeasures actively.By increasing the humanity courses,changing the teaching method,reinforcing the construction of talented staff in humanity,creating the environment for the humanity education and so on,we reinforce humanity quality of medical students in order to improve our medical education.

Objective To study the risk factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA)infection and homology of PA isolated from nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients undergoing radiotherapy,and prevent and control the spread of in-fection.Methods Bacteria isolated from clinical specimens were identified by BD Phoenix automated microbiology system. Gene homology were analyzed with randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)technique.Results Forty-nine strains of PA were mainly isolated from 43 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients,the major specimens were nasopharyngeal swab (46.94% ),sputum(32.65% ),and oral secretion (10.20% ).All these strains were amplified 46 electrophore-sis diagrams,and 19 genotypes were identified. The highly homologous genotypes of type H and J strains were mainly isolated from patients in the second section (57.14% ,4/7)and fourth section (60.00% ,3/5)of radiotherapy department respectively. Conclusion Localized epidemic of highly homologous PA exists in different sections of ward,transfer of patients between different sections is the risk factor for homology PA infection/colonization. Gen-otyping technique such as RAPD for analyzing the homology of pathogenic bacteria in healthcare-associated infection has important value in preventing and control Ling infection spread.

ASICs are H+-gated novel cation ion channels, which belong to the epithelial sodium channels (NaC/DEG) superfamily. As recent studies focus, ASICs are expected to be pharmacological targets on protecting the neuron from ischemia and damage, improving the ability of memory and study, curing epilepsy and analgesia. It is not until the most recentness that the subunits of ASICs have been cloned. Now, researchers have paid more attention to the distribution, expression, function and modulation of ASICs in the organism.

Objective To detect fat emboli in cardiac chamber of the patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty(TKA) by transesophageal echocardiography(TEE), and to discuss the relevant clinical value.Methods Eleven female patients with 12 osteoarthritis(OA) knees were underwent TKA. According to whether using tourniquet or not,12 knees were divided into 2 groups at random:tourniquet-related group (6 knees) and control group(6 knees). Echo intensity and ultrasonic characteristics of fat emboli in cardiac chamber were studied dynamically by multiplane TEE in various periods of the whole operation. Results All of the patients were implanted knee prostheses successfully. In different periods of TKA, fat emboli appeared as isoechoic or hyperechoic particles, which were found in right atrium, but nothing could be found in left heart. The imaging of the particles was flowing with duration time of 10～600s, like dots, lines, "moving star" or "shower". While femur expanding(0～3mins),the particles in right atrium and ventricle became more and more, and the echo intensity became significantly higher than those in other periods. After releasing tourniquet(0～5mins),most particles with highest echo intensity were observed in right heart,showing like "snowstorm" in tourniquet-related group, and more emboli were still detected at the end of monitoring (10 min after releasing tourniquet) by TEE,compared to the control group. No patient suffered from fat embolism syndrome(FES) with clinical manifestation. Conclusions Fat emboli in cardiac chamber can be observed sensitively by real-time TEE dynamically during TKA. It should be encouraged and promoted to analyze ultrasonic characteristics to facilitate the early detection, early diagnosis and early clinical intervention for the subclinical type of FES.

AIM:To investigate the inhibitory effect of dihydro-?-erythroidine on nicotine induced-current in cultured superior cervical ganglion of neonatal rats.METHODS:Pneumatic pressure administration of drug and whole-cell recording techniques were performed to compare induced-current amplitude.RESULTS:Dihydro-?-erythroidine competitively antagonized nicotinic effect,and EC50 was about 0.015mmol/L.CONCLUSION:Dihydro-?-erythroidine is a competitive antagonist of nicotinic receptors in sympathetic neurons.

This study was aimed to introduce the key link in the process of granulating of small-dose methyl can-tharis amine tablets. Combined with practical experiences in daily jobs, related literatures in recent years from the fineness of raw materials, choice of main materials mixing, selection of adhesive, drying methods and grain quality were analyzed. The results showed that in order to ensure the content uniformity of small-dose tablets and conform to requirements of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, the fineness of raw materials should be appropriate; the main supple-mentary material must be evenly mixed with enough time; the choice of adhesive should be scientific and reasonable;the drying method should be practical; and the grain quality should meet the technological requirements.

Agmatine was first identified and characterized as a candidate for CDS (clonidine displacing substance) in the bovine brain in 1994. The following researches demonstrated that agmatine was a widely distributed endogenous substance and performed a lot of biological functions in the central nervous system. The evidences revealed its targets were diverse and its mechanisms were complicated. Now it is well accepted that agmatine is a new neurotransmitter and/or neuromodulator and it might be an endogenous ligand of imidazoline receptor.

Object To study the glycosides from Swertia erythrosticta Maxim Methods The glycosides were isolated on silica gel column and purified by Sephadex LH20, their structures were identified by spectral data and chemical properties Results Seven compounds were obtained from aqueous extract and identified as swertianolin (Ⅰ), norswertianolin (Ⅱ), norswertiaglucoside (Ⅲ), isoorientin (Ⅳ), loganic acid (Ⅴ), gentiopicroside (Ⅵ) and ? gentiobiose (Ⅶ) Conclusion Compounds Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ, and Ⅶ were first obtained from this plant

Objective To explore the relationship between dyslipidemia and urinary stone formation.Methods The clinical data of 427 patients diagnosed with urolithiasis in our hospital during January 2015 to May 2016 were collected.Among them,272 men accounting for 63.7%,155 women account for 36.3%.The average age were 53 (43-63).218 cases were kidney stones,accounting for 35.6%;158 cases were ureteral calculi, accounting for 25.8%; 23 cases were kidney stones with ureteral calculi, accounting for 3.8%;28 cases were bladder calculi, accounting for 4.6%.At the same time,950 age and gender matched healthy controls were collected.Among them,570 men accounting for 60%, 380 women account for 40%.The average age were 53 ( 48-60 ).All of them had undergone renal ultrasound to excluded urolithiasis.The difference between lipid level and incidence of dyslipidemia in patients with urolithiasis were observed. The relationship between lipid level and serum UA, urine pH and stone composition was evaluated and analyzed with logistic regression.Results The average serum TC,TG,HDL-C levels of patients with urolithiasis were 4.34mmol/L, 1.38mmol/L, 1.25mmol/L, which levels were 4.32mmol/L,1.09mmol/L,1.40mmol/L in healthy controls.Significant difference were seen between the two groups ( P <0.05 ).The average serum LDL-C was 2.63mmol/L in patients with urolithiasis and 2.65mmol/L in healthy controls.No difference were seen between the two groups ( P=0.241).31.6% of patients with urolithiasis had different degree of dyslipidemia.The average serum UA levels,urine pH value of patients with dyslipidemia were 392μmol/L and 5,which were 339μmol/L and 6 in patients with normal lipid level.Significant difference were seen between the two groups ( P<0.05 ).Among 193 patients who had stone composition analysis, 130 cases had normal lipid level, accounting for 67.4%; 63 cases had dyslipidemia, accounting for 32.6%.In 63 patients with calculi who had dyslipidemia,31 cases had uric acid calculi,accounting for 49.2%.In 130 patients with calculi who had normal lipid level,40 cases had uric acid calculi, accounting for 30.8%.Significant difference were seen between the two groups ( P =0.013 ).Multivariate logistic regression showed TG was the independent risk factor of urinary stone formation ( P=0.001).Conclusion Dyslipidemia is closely related to urinary stone formation,especially concerning the for hypertriglyceridemia.