Objective To summarize the therapeutic efficacy of electrocoagulation for varicose veins of the lower extremities.Methods Totally 168 cases(238 limbs)of varicose veins of the lower extremities were treated with electrocoagulation in our department from April 2000 to April 2007.Through a small ankle incision,electrocoagulation probe was inserted ascendingly into the groin via the great saphenous vein.After high ligation of the great saphenous vein,the varicose veins and great saphenous trunk were electrocoagulated.Results The patients were discharged from hospital in one to two days after the operation.None of them had incisional infection.The ulcers at the ankle were healed in four weeks.Postoperative complications in this series,included Ⅰ degree burn injury in one limb,Ⅱ degree burn injury in one limb,superficial phlebitic pain in two limbs(two cases);and numbness around the ankle in 14 limbs(10 cases).Totally 148 cases with 208 limbs were followed up for 2 to 9 years with a mean of 6.6 years.During the period,the rate of recurrent varicosity was 3.4%(7/208);and healing rates of ache,dermatitis and eczema,ankle pigment,swelling around the calf and ankle were 95.3%(162/170),85.7%(12/14),41.7%(15/36)and 36.4%(16/44)respectively.Conclusion Electrocoagulation is a minimally invasive and effective method for the treatment of varicose veins of the lower extremities,with quick recovery and low rate of recurrence.

Objective Pulmonary embolism is a common cardiovascular emergency with the characteristics of high incidence,high mortality.This study compared pulmonary artery catheter thrombolysis with peripheral intravenous thrombolysis for acute pulmonary embolism in the mid-term clinical efficacy.Methods From June 2011 to September 2015,68 patients were given pulmonary artery interventional therapy,54 cases received peripheral intravenous thrombolysis;discharged patients were followed up for 3-12 months to evaluate the curative rate,effective rate,recurrence rate and the incidence of complications.Results Follow up rate was 79.5％.The cure rate of the treatment group was higher than that of the control group (47.3 ％ vs 23.8 ％,P ＜ 0.05);The significant effective rate of the treatment group was higher than that of the control group (81.8％ vs 52.4％,P ＜ 0.05);The incidence of Chronic pulmonary hypertension (1.8％) was lower than that of the control group (16.7％);There was no significant difference in improvement rate,recurrence rate and mortality.Conclusion The medium-term efficacy of pulmonary artery catheter directed thrombolysis is superior to that of peripheral intravenous thrombolysis;it can effectively reduce the incidence of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.

Objective To evaluate indwelling intrapulmonary artery catheter thromolysis for acute pulmonary embolism.Methods From June 2011 to June 2013 56 cases of acute pulmonary embolism were diagnosed by multi-row spiral CT and admitted at the Department of Vascular Surgery.The average age was (56 ± 11) years.Inferior vena cava filter was implanted and pulmonary angiography,catheter thrombectomy,indwelling pulmonary intraarterial thrombolytic therapy was performed.Postoperatively low molecular weight heparin and warfarin was given,dosage adjusted by prothrombin international normalized ratio at 2-3.Results Mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) decreased from (43 ± 7) mmHg to (22 ± 6) mmHg (P ＜ 0.05),arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) rose from (49 ± 8) mmHg to (83 ± 9) mmHg (P ＜ 0.05).Clinical symptoms significantly relieved in 51 out of the 56 cases (91％).45 patients were followed up for an average of (15 ± 4) months,with one recurrence.There was no filter migration,vena cava thrombosis,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and other complications.Conclusions Emergency pulmonary artery indwelling catheter thrombolysis is safe and effective therapy for acute pulmonary thromboembolism.

Objective To analyze the flavonoid content of common vegetables consumed in China.Method Forty-six vegetables were sampled from Beijing,Tianjin,Shanghai and Hangzhou.The contents of quercetin,kaempferol,luteolin,myricetin,apigenin were determined with high-performance liquid chromatography.Results Mei celery sampled from Hangzhou was the highest in content of 5 flavonoids among 46 vegetables.Quercetin distributed more widely and was more abundant than other flavonoids in vegetables.The daily intake of 5 flavonoids from vegetables by Chinese people was estimated to be 13.90 mg,in which quercetin accounted for 51.1%.Conclusion The content of flavonoids varies significantly among different vegetables and quercetin is the most common flavonoid contained in vegetables.The dietary intake of flavonoids was more from vegetables than fruits in Chinese people.

Objective To analyze the flavonoid content of common fruits consumed in China.Method Thirty-eight fruits were sampled from Beijing,Tianjin,Shanghai and Hangzhou.The contents of quercetin,kaempferol,luteolin,myricetin,apigenin were determined with high-performance liquid chromatography.Results Pomegranate and hawthorn were the highest in contents of 5 flavonoids among 38 fruits.Quercetin distributed more widely and was more abundant than other flavonoids in fruits.The daily intake of 5 flavonoids from fruits by Chinese people was estimated to be 2.80 mg.Conclusion The content of flavonoids varies significantly among different fruits and quercetin is the most common flavonoid contained in fruits.

Objective To investigate the effects of oxidative stress on homocysteine and related amino acids metabolism in methionine-loading BRL rat hepatocytes.Methods Cultured BRL rat hepatocytes were divided into control and oxidatively stressed group(100 μmol/L H2O2 was added in culture medium for 2 hours),methionine group(50 mmol/L methionine was added in culture medium for 1 hour),and oxidatively stressed + methionine group(100 μmol/L H2O2 was added in culture medium for 2 hours + 50 mmol/L methionine was added in culture medium for 1 hour).At the end of the experiment,culture fluid was collected.Homocysteine,cysteine,and glutathione were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography,and amino acids were assayed by amino acids analyzer.Results Compared with the control group,the contents of homocysteine[(3.76 ± 0.22)vs.(1.54±0.05)μmol/L,P=0.000]and cysteine[(199.80 ±8.75)vs.(99.11 ±2.47)μmol/L,P=0.000]significantly increased in methionine group,and the contents of homocysteine[(3.84 ± 0.34)vs.(1.54 ±0.05)μmol/L,P=0.000]and cysteine[(200.66±8.60)vs.(99.11 ±2.47)μ mol/L,P=0.000]also increased in oxidatively stressed + methionine group.Compared with oxidatively stressed group,the concentrations of homocysteine[(3.76 ± 0.22)vs.(1.67 ± 0.13)μmol/L,P =0.000],cysteine[(199.80 ± 8.75)vs.(82.64±15.88)μmol/L,P=0.000],and glutathione[(1.50 ±0.14)vs.(1.00 ±0.11)μ mol/L,P=0.011)]significantly increased in methionine group,and the concentrations of homocysteine[(3.84 ± 0.34)vs.(1.67±0.13)μmol/L,P=0.000],cysteine[(200.66±8.60)vs.(82.64±15.88)μmol/L,P=0.000]and glutathione[(1.40 ± 0.30)vs.(1.00 ± 0.11)μmol/L,P =0.028]significantly increased in oxidatively stressed + methionine groups.Compared with the control group,the contents of serine[(12.41 ± 1.51)vs.(24.00 ±2.54)mg/L,P =0.000],glutamate[(33.31 ±0.17)vs.(43.10 ±0.52)mg/L,P =0.000]and glycine[(6.23 ± 0.18)vs.(24.66 ± 10.87)mg/L,P =0.000]significantly decreased,while taurine [(7.99 ±0.16)vs.(6.17 ±0.15)mg/L,P =0.000]increased significantly in oxidatively stressed group.Compared with the oxidatively stressed group,the concentrations of serine[(16.98 ± 0.39)vs.(12.41 ± 1.51)mg/L,P=0.006)]and glutamate[(35.44 ±0.82)vs.(33.31 ±0.17)mg/L,P =0.002]in methionine group significantly increased,while taurine[(3.77 ±0.16)vs.(7.99 ±0.16)mg/L,P =0.000]significantly decreased in methionine group.Compared with the methionine group,the contents of serine[(12.59 ± 0.66)vs.(16.98±0.39)mg/L,P=0.008],glutamate[(30.87±0.60)vs.(35.44±0.82)mg/L,P=0.000]significantly decreased while taurine[(4.37 ± 0.12)vs.(3.77 ± 0.16)mg/L,P =0.001]in oxidatively stressed + methionine group significantly increased.Conclusion Oxidative stress can somehow promote homocysteine production in methionine loading BRL rat hepatocytes,but it is not the main effects.

HPLC method is quick,accurate,and sensitive,and can be applied to the determination of riboflavin in hepatic tissue.

Objective: To establish the method of HPLC for determination of 5 flavonoids in vegetables. Methods: The hydrolysis, extraction and HPLC procedures were optimized and used to determine the contents of quercetin, myricetin, luteolin, kaempferol and apigenin in 30 vegetables commonly consumed in Tianjin. Results: The procedures were well optimized with the CV ranging from 2.8% to 6.5%, and the recoveries ranging from 90.2% to 108.4%. The detection limits were 0.4 mg/L for quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol and 0.8mg/L for myricetin and apigenin, respectively. Quercetin was detected in 29 vegetables, ranging from 7.55 mg/100g FW to 0.60 mg/100g FW; apigenin was found in 5 vegetables, luteolin in 7 vegetables and myricetin in 8 vegetables, but no kaempferol in all vegetables. Lotus root, onion, kidney bean, tomato, celery contained higher contents of total flavonoids. Conclusion: The optimized HPLC method was reliable and accurate. The composition of flavonoids was different in analyzed vegetables in which quercetin was predominant almost in all of them.

Objective:To systematically compare the efficacy and safety of chrono-chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy in patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods:Seven databases were searched, including the Cochrane Library (Issue 5, 2021), PubMed, Embase, CBM, CNKI, VIP and Wanfang Database. The method ological quality of the eligible studies was evaluated. The Meta-analysis was performed by the Revman 5.3 software.Results:Sixteen studies consisting of 1275 patients were finally included. Among them, 642 patients were treated with chrono-chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy and 633 patients received conventional chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy. Results showed that compared with conventional chemotherapy group, the effective rate was significantly elevated ( OR=1.66, 95% CI: 1.17-2.34, P=0.004), the incidence of leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, gastrointestinal reaction, grade 3-4 oral mucosal reaction and grade 3-4 radiothermitis was significantly reduced (all P<0.001), and the quantity of CD3, CD4 and CD4/CD8 was significantly increased in the chrono-chemotherapy group. Conclusion:Current evidence shows that compared with conventional chemotherapy, chrono-chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy could improve the effective rate, reduce adverse reactions and mitigate the destruction of immune function simultaneously.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of concurrent radiotherapy combined with S-1 (CCRT) versus radiotherapy (RT) alone in elderly patients with esophageal cancer by Meta-analysis.Methods:The Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of science, EMbase, CBM, CNKI, VIP and Wanfang database were searched. The eligible studies were subject to evaluation of methodological quality. The Meta-analysis was performed by the Revman 5.3 software.Results:A total of 1693 patients were enrolled in 23 studies. The results showed that CCRT increased the incidence of CR [ OR=2.08,95% CI (1.66-2.61), P<0.001] and PR [ OR=1.31,95% CI (1.08-1.60), P=0.007] and total response rate [ OR=2.99,95% CI (2.37-3.77), P<0.001]. Furthermore, CCRT improved the 1-year survival rate [ OR=2.56, 95% CI (1.94-3.38), P<0.001] and 2-year survival rate [ OR=2.33, 95% CI (1.77-3.08), P<0.001]. Meanwhile, CCRT reduced the incidence of leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, radioactive esophagitis, nausea and vomiting (all P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the incidence of anemia and radiation pneumonia between two groups (both P>0.05). Conclusions:Available evidence suggests that CCRT combined with S-1 can improve therapeutic efficacy and prolong survival time in elderly patients with esophageal cancer, but CCRT may increase the incidence of treatment-related side effects. Due to the limitations of the number and quality of the included studies, the above conclusions need to be verified by more high-quality studies.