BACKGROUND:With increasing freeze-drying time,the water content of allogeneic bone reduces along with the bone mechanical strength.The suitable dehydration degree that maintains mechanical strength of allogeneic bone and allows long-term preservation at room temperature remains controversial.OBJECTIVE:To detect the mechanical properties of bovine bone nail following different degrees of dehydration using the three-point bending mechanics tests.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:Biomechanical analysis,comparative observation.The experiment was performed at the Mechanical Laboratory of Southern Medical University between May 2007 and May 2008.MATERIALS:Bone nails,50 mm length and 3 mm diameter,made from healthy adult bovine femoral cortical bone were divided into control and freeze-drying groups (8,12,24 hours,respectively) with 20 samples in each group.METHODS:The water content of bone nails with or without freeze-drying was measured by SH10A Moisture Quick Determination Meter.Three-point bending mechanics tests were performed using MTS 858 Mini Bionix.The parameters included load range 0-2000 N,resolution 0.01 N,cross beam replacement resolution 0.001 mm,span 50 mm and loading speed (cross beam replacement speed) 2 mm/min.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Water content,maximal load and elasticity load.RESULTS:The water content of control group was 7%-9%,and following freeze-drying for 8 hours,the water content was 5.5%-6%,which met the standard of freeze-drying bone;Compared with control group,the maximal load and elasticity load reduced respectively 0.004% and 0.000 8% (P＞0.05).Following freeze-drying for 12 and 24 hours,the water content was 3.5%-4% and 1%-1.5%;the maximal load reduced 21% and 37% and the elasticity load reduced 22.5% and 39% compared with control group (P＜0.05).CONCLUSION:Freeze-drying for 8 hours is the best time of dehydration.The mechanical load and elastic modulus reduce with increasing freeze-drying time.

Objective To study the effect of surface electromyogram-triggered electrical stimulation on lower limb function in hemiplegic stroke patients. Methods Thirty hemiplegic stroke patients were divided into a treatment group ( 15 cases) and a control group ( 15 cases). Both groups were given conventional rehabilitation training.Additionally, the treatment group was given surface electromyogram-triggered electrical stimulation training, while the control group was given common low frequency electrical stimulation. Brunnstrom's recovery stages, the Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA) and electromyographic parameters were assessed before and after 3 courses of treatment. Results After treatment both groups had significantly higher Brunnstrom and FMA scores and better integrated electromyograms(iEMG), but the effects in the treatment group were significantly better than in the control group. Conclusions Surface electromyogram-triggered electrical stimulation training can provide satisfactory rehabilitation of lower limb function in hemiplegic stroke patients.

Objective: To compare the effects of invigorating the kidney and strengthening yang on four kinds of Semen Custutae. Methods: Sexual organs of juvenile rat and shen yang deficiency rat were weighed to analyze its contents of SOD and MDA. Results: Alcohol extracts of four kinds of Semen Custutae have conspicuous effects on increasing weight of sexual organs. Water extracts of Semen Custutae have better effects on raising the contents of SOD and MDA and increasing weight of immune organs of shen yang deficiency rat. Conclusion: The effects of Cuscuta chinensis Lam. and C.australis R. Br. have better than that of C. japonica Choisy and C.lupuliformis Krockr in invigorating the kidney and strengthening yang.

To compare the effects of immune enhancement, anti-fatigue and anoxia tolerance on mice of four kinds of dodder seeds in Shandong Province.

Objective: To study the contents of hyperoside in Semen Cuscutae,which grew in different host and different environment.Methods: Hyperoside was determined by HPLC.Results: The content of hyperoside is 0.28%-0.65% in the semen Cuscutae growing in different conditions in Shandong.The content is higher in semen of C.chinensis in Linyi,whose host is Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi.The content of hyperoside is lower in semen of C.australia which grew in Humulus scandens(lour.) Merr.The content has no obvious difference between C.chinensis and C.australis.Conclusions: The content of hyperoside in semen Cuscutae has relation with the hosts.The content increased with the seed mature degree.

Objective To explore the effect of surface electromyogram biofeedback stimulation on lower limb function of stroke hemiplegicpatients. Methods 30 stroke patients following hemiplegia were divided into 2 groups: observation group (n=15) and control group(n=15). 2 groups were given conventional rehabilitation training. The observation group added surface electromyogram biofeedback stimulationtraining, while the control group added acupuncture. Brunnstrom's recovery stages, the Fugl-Meyer Assessment(FMA) and electromyographicparameters were assessed before and 4 courses after the treatment. Results Both groups had significantly higher Brunnstrom's andFMA scores and better integrated electromyogram (P<0.05), but the observation group was significantly better than the control group afterthe treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion Surface electromyogram biofeedback stimulation training can facilitate to provide satisfactory rehabilitationeffects for lower limb function of hemiplegic stroke patients.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of the comprehensive rehabilitation training, including multi-joint isokinetic muscle strength, balance, and weight-support training, on the senile patients after total hip arthroplasty. Methods50 patients after total hip arthroplasty were divided into group A (n=25) and group B (n=25). The group A received the comprehensive rehabilitation training combined with the 3 systems, while the group B received the routine rehabilitation training. They were assessed with the Harris scale and the life satisfaction before and 4, 8 and 12 weeks after rehabilitation. ResultsCompared with that before rehabilitation, the Harris score of all the patients improved 8 weeks after rehabilitation (P<0.05), while it improved more in the group A than in the group B (P<0.05). The incidence of hip joint recovery was more in the group A than in the group B as well (P<0.05). The life satisfaction improved in both groups 4 weeks after rehabilitation (P<0.01), and it was more in the group A than in the group B 12 weeks after training (P<0.05). ConclusionThe rehabilitation combined with isokinetic, balance, weight-support training can promote the functional recovery after total hip arthroplasty

Objective To observe the effects of transcutaneous electric acupoint stimulation(TEAS) at zusanli on fatigue after training.Methods 40 soldiers with exercise fatigue after marine training were divided into 2 groups.The soldiers in treatment group were treated with TEAS on Zusanli(ST36).Those in control group recovered naturally.Results The fatigue symptoms were improved,the consistency of the hemoglobin(HGB) were significantly increased,and the levels of lactic acid(LA) were significantly decreased in treatment group(P<0.01),which seemed better than that of the controls(P<0.05).Conclusion TEAS can facilitate the recovery from fatigue after training.

Surface electromyographic biofeedback is a treatment combined with biofeedback and electrical stimulation. This article reviewed the surface electromygraphic biofeedback applied in recovery of motor, cognition, and swallowing after stroke.

Objective To investigate the effect of neuromuscular activation on patients with low back pain after lumbar vertebra fracture operation. Methods 60 low back pain patients who received lumbar vertebra fracture operation were divided into treatment group (n=30)and control group (n=30). Both groups received 20 times of frequency treatments for 4 weeks. While the treatment group received the lumbar stability treatment with neuromuscular activation, and the control group received back muscle strengthen treatment. They were assessed with visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain and Short Form of Health Survey (SF-36) before, 4 weeks and 6 months after treatment. Results The scores of VAS and SF-36 was not significantly different between 2 groups (P>0.05) before treatment, and was significantly different (P<0.05) 4 weeks after treatment and later. Both the scores of VAS and SF-36 improved in both groups after treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion Neuromuscular activation can relieve low back pain after lumbar vertebra fracture operation and improve the quality of life.