Bioradar is based on the integration of theory of radar and bio-medical engineering,which can detect the life-parameters in farther distance.It is new concept radar presented by foreign experts.The technology can be widely used in detection of lifeform signal and non-contact clinical monitoring.Biomedical signal processing method is the premise that the technology can be realized.The signals can be interfered by the environmental factors,breath motion and so on,especially the influences of breath motion which can not be solved by average methods.A large number of signal processing methods are used in various aspects of the technology.This review introduces the progress of bioradar technology and the application of the current signal processing methods in the field.

Objective To investigate the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on affected and healthy limbs and on the regulation of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) mRNA and proteins in the cerebral cortex early after focal ischemic.Methods A model of focal cerebral ischemia was established in 54 SD rats using the suture occlusion method.They were then randomly divided into an affected limb therapy group (ALTG,n =18),an unaffected limb therapy group (UALTG,n =18),and a control group (CG,n =18).Each group had a 7-day subgroup,a 14-day subgroup and a 21-day subgroup with 6 rats in each.Rats in the experimental groups received EA beginning 24h after the occlusion.Rats in each subgroup were sacrificed in a random order on the 7th,14th and 21st days and the ischemic cerebral cortexes were quickly dissected.The specimens were frozen in liquid nitrogen before being analysed for IGF-1 mRNA expression by RT-PCR and for IGF-1 protein by Western blotting.Results ①After occlusion,IGF-1 protein levels in the ischemic cortexes of the CG declined from the 7th through the 21st day.Rats in the ALTG had significantly higher levels compared with the CG at all time points.The UALTG had the highest values on the 14th day,but was lower than the ALTG and higher than the CG at the 21st day.②IGF-1 mRNA levels in the ischemic cortexes of the UALTG declined from the 7th through the 21st day.At day 7 the results of the UALTG were 6.8 times higher than the CG,and the ALTG was 3.0 times higher.At day 14 levels in the UALTG were significantly lower than those in the ALTG.At that point the results of the UALTG rats were 3.3 times higher than those of the CG and the ALTG was 5.7 times higher.On day 21 levels in both the UALTG and ALTG were significantly lower than in the CG.Conclusions EA intervention at an early stage of focal cerebral ischemia can improve the expression of IGF-1 mRNA and protein levels in the ischemic cortex.Treating the unaffected limb can evoke more IGF-1 mRNA expression earlier and with relatively longer duration,and generate relatively longer protein increases.EA administered to the unaffected limb was more effective in the early stage of stroke.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the uptake of 68Ga-DOTATATE in pituitary adenoma and clinical parameters such as hormonal hypersecretion,and to evaluate the curative effect with 68Ga-DOTATATE imaging after octreotide therapy in patients with growth hormone-secreting adenoma (GH adenoma).Methods A total of 34 patients (15 males,19 females) with pituitary adenoma were recruited,including 5 adrenocorticotropic hormone-secreting adenoma (ACTH adenoma),17 GH adenoma,and 12 non-functioning adenoma (NF adenoma).In the 17 patients with GH adenoma,there were 13 patients treated by octreotide intramuscular injection 3 times with a total dose of 60 mg for 3 months.The finial diagnosis was based on histology.68Ga-DOTATATE imaging was performed,and SUV tumor volume and density index (DI) were recorded in all patients.The DI was the ratio of tumor SUVmean to tumor volume.The effective therapy was defined as more than 50％ of hormonal suppression or more than 20％ of tumor shrinkage.Non-parametric Mann-Whitney u test was used.Results NF adenoma showed greater tumor volume than secretory adenoma,((9.10±7.00) cm3 vs (2.92±1.60) cm3,u=43.0,P＜0.05),whereas DI of secretory adenoma was higher than that of NF adenoma (7.16±4.52 vs 1.08±1.40,u=48.5,P＜0.05).Additionally,DI was significantly higher(3.55±0.91 vs 1.38±0.69,u =2.0,P＜0.05) in patients (n =8) with effective treatment than that in patients without effective treatment (n =5).Conclusion 68 Ga-DOTATATE may be a useful probe for PET imaging in patients with pituitary adenoma,and may be valuable for predicting the therapeutic effect of somatostatin analog treatment.

Objective To explore the tutorial system of biomedical engineering students in medical colleges and universities,and provide useful references for the implementation of undergraduate tutorial system in medical colleges and universities in China.Methods Based on the compulsory professional knowledge and skills of biomedical engineering students,the undergraduate tutorial system of biomedical engineering specialty was analyzed and summarized with thatof School of Biomedical Engineering of the Fourth Military Medical University taken as an example.Results The necessity,problems and new mode were pointed out for the undergraduate tutorial system of biomedical engineering specialty.Conclusion The implementation of undergraduate tutorial system is a new idea of deepening the reform of undergraduate education in biomedical engineering specialty,and is of important significance to improve the professional skills of students.

To investigate the effect of ethanolic extract from Artemisia Argyi Folium on blood glucose and blood lipids in diabetic mice, ICR mice were induced by intraperitoneal injection of 35 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ) and a high-carbohydrate/high-fat diet to construct type 2 diabetes mellitus model. Diabetic mice were randomly divided into three groups: the model group (5 mL/kg 0.5% CMC-Na), the Artemisia Argyi Folium ethanolic extract low-dose group (100 mg/kg ) and high-dose group (400 mg/kg ). During the treatment for 6 weeks, the amount of drinking water and food intake of mice were recorded every day. Blood glucose and body weight were recorded every week. After treatment for 6 weeks, serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),and oral glucose tolerance (OGTT) were measured. The results showed that the amount of drinking water and food intake of mice significantly decreased (P < 0.01) in the Artemisia Argyi Folium ethanolic extract high-dose group; oral glucose tolerance was significantly improved (P < 0.01) and the contents of TC, TG and LDL-C were significantly decreased in the Artemisia Argyi Folium ethanolic extract low-dose group (P < 0.01). The ethanolic extract from Artemisia Argyi Folium could significantly improve the glucose and lipid metabolic disorder in T2DM mice in a dose-dependent manner.

ObjectiveTo investigate the risk factors for pulmonary infection in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure （ACLF）， and to establish a predictive model. MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed for 585 ACLF patients who were admitted to Department of Infectious Diseases， The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University， from January 2009 to September 2022， and according to the condition of pulmonary infection after admission， they were divided into infection group with 213 patients and non-infection group with 372 patients. The independent-samples t test or the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups， and the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. The clinical data of these patients were collected. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the risk factors for pulmonary infection in ACLF patients and establish a predictive model， and the receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve was plotted to assess the predictive value of the model. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test was used to evaluate the degree of fitting of the model， and the ROC curve and the area under the ROC curve （AUC） were used to assess the predictive performance of the model. ResultsAmong the 585 patients with ACLF， 213 experienced pulmonary infection， with an infection rate of 36.41%. The multivariate logistic analysis showed that upper gastrointestinal bleeding （odds ratio ［OR］=2.463， P=0.047）， infection at other sites （OR=2.218， P=0.004）， femoral vein catheterization （OR=2.520， P<0.001）， and combined use of two or more antibiotics （OR=2.969， P<0.001） were risk factors for pulmonary infection in ACLF patients. These factors were included in the risk factor predictive model of Logit （P）=-1.869+0.901×upper gastrointestinal bleeding+0.755×infection at other sites+0.924×femoral vein catheterization+1.088×combined use of two or more antibiotics. The ROC curve analysis showed that the model had a good predictive value （Hosmer-Lemeshow χ²=3.839， P=0.698）， with an AUC of 0.753 （95% confidence interval： 0.700 — 0.772）. ConclusionThere is a relatively high incidence rate of pulmonary infection in patients with ACLF， and upper gastrointestinal bleeding， spontaneous peritonitis， femoral vein catheterization， and combined use of two or more antibiotics are related risk factors. The model established based on these factors can effectively predict the onset of pulmonary infection in ACLF patients.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is caused by infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is spread primary via respiratory droplets and infects the lungs. Currently widely used cell lines and animals are unable to accurately mimic human physiological conditions because of the abnormal status of cell lines (transformed or cancer cells) and species differences between animals and humans. Organoids are stem cell-derived self-organized three-dimensional culture in vitro and model the physiological conditions of natural organs. Here we showed that SARS-CoV-2 infected and extensively replicated in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs)-derived lung organoids, including airway and alveolar organoids which covered the complete infection and spread route for SARS-CoV-2 within lungs. The infected cells were ciliated, club, and alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells, which were sequentially located from the proximal to the distal airway and terminal alveoli, respectively. Additionally, RNA-seq revealed early cell response to virus infection including an unexpected downregulation of the metabolic processes, especially lipid metabolism, in addition to the well-known upregulation of immune response. Further, Remdesivir and a human neutralizing antibody potently inhibited SARS-CoV-2 replication in lung organoids. Therefore, human lung organoids can serve as a pathophysiological model to investigate the underlying mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 infection and to discover and test therapeutic drugs for COVID-19.
Adenosine Monophosphate/therapeutic use* ; Alanine/therapeutic use* ; Alveolar Epithelial Cells/virology* ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/therapeutic use* ; COVID-19/virology* ; Down-Regulation ; Drug Discovery ; Human Embryonic Stem Cells/metabolism* ; Humans ; Immunity ; Lipid Metabolism ; Lung/virology* ; RNA, Viral/metabolism* ; SARS-CoV-2/physiology* ; Virus Replication/drug effects*