OBJECTIVE:To provide references for the evolving and standardization of Chinese online pharmacy regulation. METHODS: We explored the online pharmacy regulations in the USA and European countries in term of the mode, scope and means of regulation as well as analyzed the existing problem in online pharmacy of China. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: Some issues such as administrative regulation and self-discipline of industries, domestic regulation and international cooperation, pharmacy regulation and consumer education etc should be taken into fully consideration in the practice of Chinese online pharmacy regulation.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare powder of promoting blood circulation to arrest pain and to establish its quality con?trol method.METHODS:Qualitative identification of panax pseudo-ginseng,frankincense and dragon blood in the powder of promoting blood circulation to arrest pain was performed by TLC method.The content of dracorhodin in the dragon blood was determined by TLC Scanning Method.RESULTS:Good linear relationship was achieved when the sample size of dracorhodin perchlorate remained within the scope of0.6?g～3.2?g(r=0.9999).The average recovery rate was98.22%(RSD=1.53%).CONCLUSION:This preparation method is feasible,and the quality control method is simple,accurate and reproducible.

Objective To investigate the relationship between Alzheimer disease(AD) and plasma homocysteine (HCY) level. Methods Rate of mini mental state examination(MMSE) and levels of plasma homocysteine and folate and vitamin B12 were determined in 68 AD patients, which were compared with 60 healthy older. Results The mean plasma level of HCY was higher in AD patients than that in contrast group,and the very reverse of plasma level of folate and vitamin B12(P15?mol/L,the odd ratio(OR) was 4.3(95% CI 1.89～7.43). Plasma level of HCY was negatively correlated with that of folate and vitamin B12 and rate of MMSE in two groups. Conclusion The high level of plasma HCY is an important risky factor to AD patients. The lack of nutrition elements of folate and vitamin B12 et al can result in the rising of plasma HCY.

Objective To observe the expressions of c-Ski in renal tissue of diabetic nephropathy rats, and discuss its significance. Methods Wistar male rats were randomly assigned to 3 groups: Control group, diabetic group and treatment group. Rats were killed at the 16th week after experiment. Histopathologic changes,in renal tissue were observed and immunohistochemistry was performed to investigate the expression of TGF-β1, α-SMA and c-Ski. Results The expression of c-Ski had a negative correlation with TGF-β1 and α-SMA. Compared to diabetic group, the expression of c-Ski was significantly increased in treatment group. Conclusion c-Ski may be a protective factor of tu-bular epithelial-myofibroblast transformation.

ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism, diagnosis and treatment of membrane proliferative glome-rulo-nephritis (MPGN) transitioned from endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis (EnPGN).Methods The clinical data and the results of pathological examination of one case of MPGN transitioned from EnPGN were retrospectively analyzed.Results The child was presented with proteinuria, microscopic hematuria, and persistent low level of complement C3. The type of renal pathology was transitioned from EnPGN to MPGN. Complete remission was achieved in this child with the treatment of oral prednisolone and tacrolimus, but the level of plasma complement C3 remained low.Conclusions The type of renal pathology in children with persistent low level of complement C3 could make a transition, and the early diagnosis, timely and effective treat-ment are important.

Objective To compare the efficacies of automatic erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) analyzer using EDTA as blood anticoagulant ,traditional Westergren method and ESR analyzer using sodium citrate as blood anticoagulant in detecting ESR , in order to chose the appropriate one for clinical application .Methods A total of 40 samples were collected and divided into 3 groups .The ESR was detected by using XC‐A30 automatic ESR analyzer using EDTA as blood anticoagulant (XC ESR analyzer) , Westergren method and VISION‐C automatic ESR analyzer using sodium citrate as blood anticoagulant (VISION ESR analyzer) ,re‐spectively .Statistical analysis was used to comparing the detection results of ESR among the three methods .The repeatability test was carried out for evaluating repeatability of VISION ESR analyser .Results There was statistically significant difference in ESR detected by using Westergren ,XC ESR analyzer and VISION ESR analyzer(F=86 .497 ,P=0 .000) .There was statistically signifi‐cant difference in ESR between that detected by using XC ESR analyzer and that detected by using Westergren (t= -4 .08 ,P=0 .004) .The ESR detected by using VISION ESR analyzer was positively correlated with that detected by using Westergren (r=0 .975 ,P=0 .000) .There was no statistically significant difference in ESR between that detected by using VISION ESR analyzer and that detected by using Westergren(t=0 .65 ,P=0 .638) .The repetitive tests of analyzer shown that the within‐run coefficient of variation(CV) and between‐run CV both were less than 10% .Conclusion The ESR detected by using VISION ESR analyzer which is simple operation and with credible result has good correlation with that detected by using Westergren .The VISION ESR analyzer might be suitable for clinical application .

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of Eucommiae ulmoides on the microstructural and ultrastructural change of femur and lumber vertebrae in ovariectomized rats.METHODS: 80 4-month-old female SD rats were randomized to 4 groups: sham operation group,model group,alfacalcidol group,E.ulmoides group.In the sham operation group,the abdominal cavities of the rats were cut open to expose ovaries before being sutured.However,the rats in the other 3 groups were ovariectomized bilaterally.At 10 days after operation the rats were administered intragastrically with corresponding drug.After 3 months,femur and lumber vertebrae were dissected and fixed in 4% glutaral for 3 days,then decalcified in 4% EDTA for 4 weeks,and then the structure of femur and lumber vertebrae was observed under light microscope and transmission electron microscope(TEM).RESULTS: Observed under light microscope,the femur and lumber vertebrae were full of fat in the ovariectomized rats and in which the density of bone trabecula decreased significantly;however,in alfacalcidol-treated rats and E.ulmoides-treated rats,the amount of fat decreased markedly while the density and thickness of bone trabecula increased.Observed under TEM,in the ovariectomized rats,rough endoplasmic reticulum(RER),cytolysosome and mitochondrial were plentiful inside osteoclasts in femur and lumber vertebrae,partial osteoblasts atrophied,the amount of RER and other cellular organ decreased significantly and apoptosis appeared for partial cells;however,in alfacalcidol-treated group and E.ulmoicdes-treated group,the above changes improved significantly.CONCLUSION:E.ulmoides has remarkable beneficial effect on osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats.The mechanism might be attributed to its inhibition on the synthesis of fat and the activity of osteoclasts,promotion on the activity of osteoblasts and inhibition on the apoptosis.

Cohort study also named follow up study,has been used in clinical trials of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),such as prognostic evaluation and therapeutic effect evaluation.Therefore follow up is an important step in a cohort study,and follow up quality will directly affect the statistical analysis and drawing a conclusion.This article introduced the aim,the content,the method and duration of follow up,we also discussed the relevant issues when conducting a follow up and the methods to deel with problems.We hope this article can be helpful to researchers of TCM.

S-adenosylmethionine(SAM) is a physiologically active molecule in all the organizations and the human body fluids, and it is important to participate in a variety of biochemical reactions, the regulation of liver regeneration, liver cells differentiation and various sensitivity of the injury. The SAM affects the liver through a variety of ways. It is confirmed that the SAM and MTA can block the LPS-induced TNF-α of Kupffer cells to protect the liver. In a word, S-adenosylmethionine may be beneficial to LPS-induced liver in-jury in clinical treatment.

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the geographic mark protection of genuine Chinese crude drugs so as to promote its intellectual property protection. METHODS: Zhe-Ba-Wei was taken as an example to reveal the crisis of the development of Genuine Chinese Crude Drugs; the protection means between trade mark and Geographic Mark was compared, and some special problems arose in Geographic Mark Protection of Genuine Chinese Crude Drugs were discussed. RESULTS & CONCLUSION: Geographic mark protection is an effective legal means. However, a series of problems, such as confirmation of best habitat, establishment of Chinese crude drugs standard, and confliction between geographic name and geographic mark etc remained to be tackled.