Objective To investigate whether the biochemical function and morphology of stored outdated erythrocytes were able to be restored to normal levels.Methods The experiments were carried out with 4 groups of erythrocytes. Group 1 consists of post-rejuvenated erythrocytes, which were harvested by incubating twice washed stored erythrocytes on the 3 rd day after outdate at 37℃ for 1h, with a rejuvenating solution containing adenine 5mmol/L, inosine 100mmol/L, pyruvate 100mmol/L, phosphate 103mmol/L. Group 2 was pre-rejuvenate erythrocytes, obtained by washing stored erythrocytes on the 3rd day after outdate. Group 3 was saline control erythrocytes, which were incubated with 0.9% saline. Group 4 was freshly collected erythrocytes used as normal controls. ATP, 2, 3-DPG, morphology scores, MCV, osmotic fragility, and hemoglobin content of RBC in four groups were measured.Results The post-rejuvenate RBC ATP [(3.41?0.52)?mol/gHb] was significantly higher(P0.05) compared with fresh RBC [(3.45?0.51)?mol/gHb].The post-rejuvenate RBC 2,3-DPG [(14.08?3.10)?mol/gHb] was significantly higher(P0.05) compared with fresh RBC [(14.87?3.10)?mol/gHb].The post-rejuvenation morphology score(130.00?10.80) was significantly greater (P0.05) compared with fresh RBC (120.00?5.00). The post-rejuvenate mean corpuscular volume [(89.30? 7.20)fl] was significantly lower (P0.05). The hemoglobin shed in vesicles during rejuvenation was significantly greater than that in the saline control [(0.51?0.33)vs(0.20?0.18)mg/dl RBCs;P

Objective To investigate the effect of Ulinstatin(UTI) on oxygenation and gastric intramucosal pH in dogs with sepsis. Methods Sepsis was induced by intravenous infusion of lipopolysaccharide of E.coli.055:B5 to dogs,and the twenty dogs were divided into control group and ulinastatin group.Ulinastatin was administered in the ulinastatin group.The oxygen delivery(DO2),oxygen consumption(VO2), oxygen extraction(O2ER), plasma lactate levels and gastric intramucosal pH(pHi) were monitored. Results In early sepsis dogs,DO2,VO2,O2ER and plasma lactate levels increased significantly. Gastric intramucosal pH(pHi) decreased significantly. After the treatment with ulinastatin,DO2,VO2,O2ER and plasma lactate levels decreasd(P

Objective To characterize the foot pressure distribution during walking of the male college students with a normal left foot and toes-out right foot gait.Methods Forty-two male college students age 20 to 25 with a toes-out gait on the right side and a normal gait on the left side were recruited.The FOOTSCAN system was used to measure their foot pressure distribution while walking.Results There were significant differences between the normal and the toes-out foot with regard to the peak pressure on the third metatarsal bone [(45.05 ±13.91)N/cm2 vs (26.83 ± 10.82) N/cm2] and pressure under the arch [(4.48 ± 1.94) N/cm2 vs (2.90 ±1.57) N/cm2],as well as the time for the appearance of peak pressure under the 1st and 4th metatarsal bones.The foot regional impulse was significantly lower on the normal side than on the toes-out side for toes 2 to 5 and for metatarsal bone 2.Conclusion In contrast to the normal foot,the pressure center of the toe-out foot deflects to the inner side.This results in slanted power application instead of straight ahead,so the strength in the direction of travel is small.And it will produce torsion between the tibia and fibula,which makes the tibia appear introverted and causes excessive friction in the knee joint.This will lead to injury of the knee joint.

Objective To investigate the preparation technique and optimal formulation of diammonium glycyrrhizinate sustained-release tablets and study the release mechanism of diammonium glycyrrhizi-nate release from the tablet.Methods Using HPMCk4m,Compritol 888 as skeleton material to prepare the diammonium glycyrrhizinate sustained-release tablet.To optimize the formulations by Box-Behnken design,and use Design Expert program for statistical analysis of experimental results.Release mechanism of diammonium glycyrrhizinate from sustained release tablets was established by equation fitting.ResultsThe average accumulate release rates of diammonium glycyrrhizinate sustained-release tablets in 2,4,8,and 12 h were 32.55%,49.94%,73.88%,and 97.89%.And the release of diammonium glycyrrhizinate could be controlled by diffusion associated with erosion.Conclusion Box-Behnken design could be successfully used to optimize the sustained-release tablet of diammonium glycyrrhizinate.

Objective To evaluate multi-slice spiral CT venography (MSCTV) and digital subtraction venography (DSV) in diagnosing iliac vein compression syndrome (IVCS) and secondary thrombosis. Methods The imaging materials, including MSCTV and DSV performed before and after the thrombolysis therapy, of 38 patients with clinically-suspected IVCS were collected. The inner diameters of the compressed iliac veins were measured on MSCTV images and the compression ratio was calculated. Usingχ2 test, the detection rates of IVCS by MSCTV and DSV were compared. Results Of 38 patients, IVCS was detected by MSCTV in 29, by pretreatment DSV in 20 and by post-treatment DSV in 29. The difference in the detection rate of IVCS between MSCTV and pre-treatment DSV was statistically significant (χ2=4.65, 0.010.05). Conclusion For the diagnosis of IVCS, MSCTV is superior to pre-treatment DSV in the diagnostic accuracy of iliac vein compression syndrome. Therefore, MSCTV should be used as the preferred method of examination.(J Intervent Radiol, 2015, 24:301-305)

Aim To investigate the effects of co-administration of Astragalus Saponin Ⅰ(ASI)and bendazac lysine(BDL)on hypertrophy of cultured rat mesangial cells and its mechanism.Methods The levels of collagen Ⅳ and laminin,the percentages of cells in S phase,the relative quantity of transforming growth factor ?1(TGF-?1) mRNA and indexes of oxidative status were assayed after the cells were incubated in different agents for 36 h.Results The percentage of S phase cells in high glucose group(HG) was greatly decreased while those of vitamin E group(VE) and co-administration groups were increased.The relative quantity of TGF-?1 mRNA and the collagen Ⅳ level in co-administration groups were significantly decreased,and the levels of total anti-oxidative capability(T-AOC),activity of catalase(CAT),GSH-PX,and SOD were greatly increased.Furthermore,the significant differences were found between low ASI(AL)group,low BDL(BL) group and co-administration of low ASI and low BDL(AL+BL) group for TGF-?1 mRNA,T-AOC and GSH-PX;the high ASI group(AH),high BDL group(BH) and co-administration of high ASI and high BDL group(AH+BH) for TGF-?1 mRNA and collagen Ⅳ,respectively. Conclusion Co-administration of ASI and BDL has synergetic effects on regulating TGF-?1,collagen Ⅳ,and radical oxidative stress,therefore,is beneficial to protecting rat mesangial cells against hypertrophy.

Objective Increased renal mast cells have been found in significant correlation with clinicopathological features of diabetic nephropathy ( DN) .However, the exact pathological significance of mast cells still remained to be elucidated.As one of the most abundant serine proteases, tryptase is specifically expressed by mast cells.The study was to observe the expression of tryptase in the urine of patients with diabetic nephropathy and realize the pathological significance of urinary tryptase and renal mast cells in the development of diabetic nephropathy. Methods Urine samples from 103 patients with diabetic nephropathy who were hospitalized at the clinical unit of the nephrology centre of Jingling Hospital from January 2012 to June 2013 were collected.According to concentra-tion of urinary albumin excretion rate, the patients were conducted to early-stage DN group (microalbuminuria,n=10), middle-stage DN group (proteinuria stage, n=31) and end-stage DN group (renal insufficiency stage,n=62).Meanwhile, urine samples from 20 normal persons were taken as the normal control group.Tryptase level in each urine sample was measured by using an ELISA kit.The average tryptase levels were compared among different groups and the correlation between urinary tryptase level and clinical indices was analyzed. Results ①In most cases, tryptase was not detected in the urine samples from normal persons(0.7 ±1.4 ng/mg creati-nine).However, the urinary trypatse level increased significantly with the development of diabetic nephropathy (11.6 ±10.5 ng/mg creatinine for early stage, 29.7 ±19.2 ng/mg creatinine for middle stage, and 44.6 ±43.4 ng/mg creatinine for late stage group).②The urinary tryptase level was found in significant correlation with ser-um creatinine (r=0.325, P<0.01), serum cystatin C (r=0.391, P<0.01), serum urea nitrogen (r=0.27, P<0.01), 24 hour uri-nary protein (r=0.389, P<0.01), urine C3 (r=0.276, P<0.05), urine retinol-binding protein (r=0.365, P<0.01), urine lysozyme (r=0.461, P<0.01), urine N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase level (r=0.568, P<0.01), urinary kidney injury molecule-1 (r=0.434, P<0.05) and interleukin-18 level (r=0.375, P<0.05).No significant correlation was found between urinary tryptase level and age, gender, fasting blood sugar, postprandial blood sugar, HbA1c, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein or low density lipo-protein. Conclusion Mast cells play an important role in the development of diabetic nephropathy and might be a novel and effective target for the treatment of DN.

Objective: To compare the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of verapamil hydrochloride pulsed release tablets with core tablets. Methods: Latin test was employed in the single oral administration of the Ⅲ,Ⅳ type of pulsed release tablets and core tablets in 8 volunteers. The pharmaceutics behavior of the tablet in vivo was evaluated by the lag time, c max ,AUC and so on. Results: The pharmacokinetics results demonstrated that the Ⅲ type of pulsed tablet in humans could be released after about 4 h lag time. In a proper range, pulsed release tablets only changed the beginning time while c max and AUC were not different from the core tablets. Conclusion: A new system to reduce the early morning symptoms of ischemic heart disease is prepared. [

Purpose To explore the value of 128-slice dual source CT (DSCT) three-dimensional post-processing techniques in the diagnosis of acute aortic dissection (AAD). Materials and Methods All image data of 116 patients with AAD who underwent conventional and enhanced DSCT scan by dual-energy scanning technology were retrospectively analyzed, and the multi-planar reconstruction (MPR), volume rendering (VR) and maximum intensity projection (MIP) were conducted in the workstation. Taking digital subtraction angiography (DSA) as the diagnostic gold standard, we analyzed the imaging manifestation of the original and 3D-reconstruction images and evaluated the specificity and the sensitivity of diagnostic accuracy and the image quality. Results The diagnostic accuracy of conventional scan was 37.1%(43/116). The display rates of MPR for initial break, intimal flap and true and false lumen were 93.1%, 100.0%and 100.0%, respectively. The display rates of VR and MIP for the initial break were 33.62%and 6.90%, respectively, which was both lower than that of MPR. The display rate of MIP for the true and false lumen was 23.28%. The overall display capability of MPR was significantly better than that of VR and MIP (P<0.01), and the display capability of VR was better than that of MIP (P<0.01). The sensitivity and specificity of enhanced DSCT in the diagnosis of AAD were both 100.0%. Conclusion DSCT has a fast and reliable diagnostic value on AAD. Conventional CT signs should be highly valued in the evaluation of chest or abdominal pain; and a thin layer of MPR and VR should be chosen in the three-dimensional reconstruction;whilst MIP reconstruction may be unnecessary for AAD.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate teacher-dominant action and focus on learning-oriented group.Medical teachers should pay more attention to three important aspects,such as optimizing teaching pattern,dealing with the relationship carefully among pre-class,inter-class and post-class.It is important to attach importance to pre-class,giving prominence to inter-class and also giving attention to post-class,which can form a harmonious,interactive and collaborate class.In addition,it stimulates deep processing interactions between teachers and students by increasing students learning interests,which is very helpful in improving teaching effects of medical image.