Objective:To prepare the recombinant neuron protective protein TAT-Bcl-XL in E.coli expression system and to determine its anti-apoptosis activity.Methods:DNA fragment of TAT-Bcl-XL was obtained by RT-PCR using primers that were specific for Bcl-XL gene. Prokaryotic expression vector(pTBTOPO) was constructed by insertion of TAT-Bcl-XL DNA fragment into pCRT7/CT-TOPO vectors, and the recombinant protein was detected by SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis using anti-V5 tag epitope antibody as the primary antibody. The recombinant fusion protein was purified by affinity chromatography, and the anti-apoptosis function of the purified protein was determined by flow cytometry.Results:A molecular weight of 30 000 protein was detectable in both SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis. Immunofluorescent staining showed the fusion protein was distributed in cell plasma after incubation with 200 nmol/L fusion protein. Flow cytometry data indicated that the recombinant protein could enhance cell survival by 40% when 293T cells were treated with 250 ?mol/L zinc chloride as a supplementation in cell culture media.Conclusion:High level expression of the reported neuron protective protein was obtained in E.coli expression system, and the purified recombinant proteins remained its anti-apoptosis activity in our preliminary characterization.

Large-scale clinical trials have demonstrated that metabolic control achieved early in the course of diabetes can substantially help preventing the onset and slowing down the progression of diabetes and the associated microvascular complications. Various strategies incorporating the use of insulin early in the course of the disease have been developed to meet this goal and to compensate for the progression of β-cell failure. We believe that insulin suppresses inflammation and also reduces glucotoxicity and lipotoxicity, and thus exerts a pivotal and beneficial role. Comprehensive metabolic control, especially when instituted earlier, may alter the natural history of diabetic complications. Therefore, physicians are encouraged to take early and intensive interventions with insulin therapy for patients with type 2 diabetes, especially when attempting to induce "remissions" or in patients suboptimally controlled with oral medications.

Kawasaki disease,which is an acute multisystem vasculitis of unknown cause,leads to pathognomonic feature of coronary artery lesion.Recent studies show that genetic polymorphism,neutrophils,monocytes,cytokines and other factors are involved in the development of coronary artery disease.Long-term use of anticoagulant drugs may reduce coronary artery damage.

Sepsis is thought to be systemic inflammatory response syndrome that is activated by invasive infection and characterized by the involvement of inflammation,infection,immunological reaction,coagulation and tissue damage.The imbalance between the pro-and anti-inflammatory response mediated by immunologic disorder plays an important part in the progress of sepsis.Therefore,the immunological mechanisms and changes of Toll-like receptors,neutrophils,dendritic cells and regulatory T cells in sepsis are briefly focused on in the article.

Thiazolidinedione (TZD) is a powerful insulin sensitizer in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. It acts as a ligand to the nuclear receptor PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma) and induces transcription of PPARγ responsive genes. TZD controls lipid synthesis and storage in adipose tissue, liver and many other tissues through PPARγ. Derivatives of TZD, such as rosiglitazone (Avandia) and pioglitazone (Actos), are more powerful than metformin or berberine in insulin sensitization. Although they have common side effects such as weight gain and edema, these did not influence the side effects in general. However, recent findings of risk for congestive heart failure and bladder cancer have indeed significantly impaired their future in many countries. European countries have prohibited those drugs and in 2011, US will terminate application of rosiglitazone in clinics and hospitals. The multiple country actions may mark the end of TZD era. As a result, there is a strong demand for identification of TZD substitute in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. In this regard, literature about PPARγ ligands and potential TZD substitute are reviewed in this article. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor is emphasized as a new class of insulin sensitizer here. Regulators of SIRT1, CREB, NO, p38, ERK and Cdk5 are discussed in the activation of PPARγ.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the major pathogens of the hospital infection.Its clinical features and drug-resisetance situations have always been concerned.But since the late 1990s,another class of MRSA has become a major concern worldwide as an emerging pathogen in the community.This new class of MRSA is called community-acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA).With the rapid development of the infection of CA-MRSA in 20 years,especially in the latest 3 years,CA-MRSA may be replacing the hospital-acquired MRSA strains(HA-MRSA) as one of the major pathogens in the hospital and the community as well.The characteristics of CA-MRSA are very different from those of HA-MRSA.This review summarizes the current studies of CA-MRSA on the epidemiology and the molecular characteristics.

In this paper,the authors reviewed 141 cases of senile gastric carcinoma,with 23 cases followed up.The clinical features,and the relationship between the longth of the course and the resection rate of the tumor have been analysed retrospectively.The results show that gas- tric carcinoma in the aged pepole has a characteristic of a longer history and higher resectable possibility,it is mainly from the canceration of gastric ulcer,well differentiated and low metastatic,and has a favourable prognosis and longer survival.Important suggestions to im- prove its resection rate and survival rate include making a follow-up gastroscopy for the aged pepole with a longer history of gastric diseases or peptic ulcers.For the aged patients who are over 50 with a long history of gastric ulcer or chronic intractable atrophic gastritis,it is rec- ommended to employ the surgery of gastrectomy and the R_Ⅱ mode of operation is of choice, and chemotherapy should be followed.

Objective To explore an easy, rapid and suitable method for determination of cyanide with lower concentration in quality_controlled water sample. Methods To overcome the shortcomings in determination of low concentration cyanide in water by iso_niacin_pyrazolone spectrophotometry and pyridin_barbituric acid spectrophotometry, the iso_niacin_barbituric acid spectrophotometry was studied for determining the lower concentration cyanide in water, the data obtained were compared with those obtained from the standard method iso_niacin_pyrazdone spectrophotometry. Results The results showed no statistically significant differences between these two methods. The precision, accuracy and other indexes all accorded with the analysis criteria. Conclusion The iso_niacin_barbituric acid spectrophotometry was easier to operate, more rapid and lower cost, the conditions of colorimetry were easier to be controlled compared with those of iso_niacin_pyrazolone spectrophotometry.

Hypoglycemia is a very common problem in contemporary medicine. Recent discoveries in the molecular mechanism leading to hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia (non-islet?-cell insulinoma) have been rapidly growing. Clinical characters can be shown in different types of hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia. It is important to understand these characters for improving our diagnostic and therapeutic ability in hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia.

OBJECTIVE:To study the extracting and purifying process of Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharides(ABP). METHODS:Crude polysaccharide was obtained by extracting ABP raw material by water decocting method.The Crude polysaccharide was purified(deproteinization,desalination and alcohol precipitation) to obtain ABP.The content of total polysaccharide was taken as an evaluation index to optimize the optimum conditions of extracting and purifying.RESULTS: The optimum water decoction conditions were as follows:ABP raw material was extracted three times (2 h/time) by adding 10 times amount of water.As for the deproteinization process,TCA(trichloracetic acid) method was superior to Sevage method and tannic acid method;Desalination by molecular sieve was superior to that by dialysis method; and alcohol precipitation was performed with 80% alcohol.CONCLUSION:ABP can be prepared by water decoction,deproteinization,desalination and alcohol precipitation of its raw material.