Objective To observe the effect of transcranial low frequency electrical stimulation on the contents of monoamines in ischemic area of rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO).MethodsPermanent MCAO model of Wistar rat was established with silk thread enveloped with polyammoniacum.The ischemic areas received various intensity of transcranial low frequency electrical stimulation for 1 hour in rats underwent 1 hour of ischemia.Then the affected tissue was processed with fluorospectrophotometry to determine the contents of dopamine(DA),noradrenalin(NE) and 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT).ResultsCompared with the sham-operation group,the contents of DA,NE and 5-HT in ischemic area of MCAO model rats decreased obviously(all P<0.01),while all three monoamines investigated in the sham-operation group with transcranial low frequency electrical stimulation had no significant change.In the MCAO groups stimulating with lower(10 V) and middle(30 V) intensity transcranial low frequency electrical field,the contents of DA,NE and 5-HT in ischemic area had no significant increase.But in the MCAO group stimulating with high(50 V) intensity transcranial low frequency electrical field,the contents of DA,NE and 5-HT in ischemic area increased significantly(P<0.05).ConclusionSome degree of intensity transcranial low frequency electrical field stimulation can increase the contents of DA,NE and 5-HT in ischemic area of rats subjected to MCAO.

Objectives:To study the clinical significance of electron beam CT with three-dimensional reconstruction in evaluating acetabular fractures.　Methods:Twenty-six cases of acetabuar fractures were examined under X-ray and 3D reconstruction. Degrees of displacement were evaluated and classified for the selection of therapy.　Results:The 26 cases of acetabuar fractures were: 1 case of anterior column fracture,3 cases of posterior column fracture,11 cases of posterior wall fracture,4 cases of transverse fracture, and 7 cases of compound fracture. All the 26 cases were accurately evaluated by EBCT 3D image, according to the image, appropriate surgical treatment were applied to 15 cases, and 11 cases were treated nonoperatively.　Conclusions:EBCT 3D reconstruction could revealed the characteristics of acetabular fractures, which aided the evaluation and selection of therapy, increased the veracity of procedures and reduced the unnecessary operations.

Traumatic brain injury is always associated with hemorrhage and coagulopathy, leading the occurrence of anemia, platelet function inactivation, platelet and coagulation factor consumptive reduction. Theoretically, transfusion therapy should be given to supplement the missing component in an appropriate range. However, whether the transfusion therapy can improve the prognosis of patients with traumatic brain injury, and the indications of transfusion, have been the focus of academic debate for a long time. This article reviews the latest progress of transfusion therapy in traumatic brain injury, and provides reference for better guidance of transfusion in clinical treatment.

Hereditary hemochromatosis(HH) is relatively rare in the Chinese population, and the disease can involve multiple systems. It is easy to be missed and misdiagnosed due to nonspecific clinical manifestations. We report on a case with diabetes as the first diagnosis and being confirmed HH later. In addition to abnormal liver function, this patient also developed a variety of endocrine and metabolic diseases such as hypogonadism and osteoporosis. Included with this case report is a literature based discussion of clinical features, management of HH along with its relationship with endocrine dysfunction to improve disease understanding.

In this paper,we have made a preliminary analysis on the necessity,main contents and difficulties in teaching medical undergraduates the principles and applications of optogenetics experimental technology.We focused on theory and practice teaching and emphasized on the most important technological principles,including how to achieve selective intervention of specific neural pathways;how to achieve twoway control of cell excitation or inhibition effect and the main process of the experiment.Finally,we have summarized our recent experience in the teaching process,to provide reference for basic medical experiments teaching in related medical colleges,so as to promote optogenetics experimental teaching for undergraduates in domestic medical colleges.

With the deepening of the reform of management system of higher medical education in China and the comprehensive advancement of quality education , the teaching laboratories in medical colleges have evolved from traditional laboratories serving the needs of a single discipline to medical laboratory centers classified by subject groups and their corresponding functions. Applying the concept of collaborative innovation, practical explorations in such aspects as building a "big experimental teaching center", establishing a new system of experimental teaching courses, exploring a new model of innovative practical education, and building an excellent teacher team engaging in experimental teaching by means of synergic work have been made by the Army Medical University in its construction of an experimental teaching center for basic medical sciences, which also provides practical reference for the construction of experimental teaching centers in the future.

Optogenetics is one of the biggest breakthroughs in neurobiology in recent decades,which is a revolutionary approach to precise intervention of specific cell functions through the combination of optical and genetic engineering techniques.However,this technique involves the interdisciplinary theoretical knowledge and methods,and it requires expensive equipments and long experimental period.Thus,it is not convenient to carry out widely in experiment teaching for undergraduates except the virtual simulation teaching.In present virtual simulation experiment,we aim to learn the basic principle,operation and application of optogenetics and achieve the desired teaching effects by simulating the process of the virus package,simulating the process of the animal selection,surgery and virus stereotactic microinjection,simulating the expression process of photosensitive channel,the extracellular verification process of photosensitive channel function in vivo,and simulating the observation process that optogenetic inhibition of glutamate neurons in the amygdala affect animal fear behavior.In this paper,the content design of the script making of the virtual experiment has been discussed in the above ways.

In order to develop clinical diagnostic tools for rapid detection of the SARS-CoV (severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus) and to identify candidate proteins for vaccine development, the C-terminal portion of the nucleocapsid (NC) gene was amplified using RT-PCR from the SARS-CoV genome, cloned into a yeast expression vector (pEGH), and expressed as a glutathione S-transferase (GST) and Hisx6 double-tagged fusion protein under the control of an inducible promoter. Western analysis on the purified protein confirmed the expression and purification of the NC fusion proteins from yeast. To determine its antigenicity, the fusion protein was challenged with serum samples from SARS patients and normal controls. The NC fusion protein demonstrated high antigenicity with high specificity, and therefore, it should have great potential in designing clinical diagnostic tools and provide useful information for vaccine development.
Antigens, Viral ; immunology ; Cloning, Molecular ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Genetic Vectors ; Genome, Viral ; Humans ; Nucleocapsid Proteins ; genetics ; immunology ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; SARS Virus ; genetics ; immunology ; Yeasts ; genetics

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between adversity quotient and professional values in standardized-trained nurses. METHODS: OBJECTIVE: sampling method was adopted, 502 nurses who received standardized training from third class A hospitals were selected as research subjects. Questionnaire survey was carried out by Adversity Quotient Scale and Weis Nurses Professional Values Scale-Revised to calculate standardized scores of adversity quotient and professional values. RESULTS: The standardized scores of adversity quotient and professional values in the standardized-trained nurses were(3.2±0.4) and(3.8±0.6). The standardized scores of professional values, care provision, activism, responsibility, freedom and safety, and trust in standardized-trained nurses were positively correlated with the standardized score of adversity quotient(correlation coefficients were 0.192, 0.160, 0.179, 0.227, 0.166, P<0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis results showed that the higher the score of freedom and safety in standardized-trained nurses, the higher the level of adversity quotient(P<0.01). The level of adversity quotient of those who are satisfied with their position was higher than those who are indifferent to their position(P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The adversity quotient of standardized-trained nurses is positively correlated with their professional values. The level of adversity quotient of standardized-trained nurses can be improved by cultivating good professional values to stabilize the clinical nursing team.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. The finding that cellular microparticles (MPs) generated by injured cells profoundly impact on pathological courses of TBI has paved the way for new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. MPs are subcellular fragments or organelles that serve as carriers of lipids, adhesive receptors, cytokines, nucleic acids, and tissue-degrading enzymes that are unique to the parental cells. Their sub-micron sizes allow MPs to travel to areas that parental cells are unable to reach to exercise diverse biological functions. In this review, we summarize recent developments in identifying a casual role of MPs in the pathologies of TBI and suggest that MPs serve as a new class of therapeutic targets for the prevention and treatment of TBI and associated systemic complications.
Animals ; Astrocytes ; metabolism ; pathology ; Biological Transport ; Blood Coagulation Factors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Brain ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Brain Injuries, Traumatic ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Cell-Derived Microparticles ; chemistry ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cytokines ; blood ; genetics ; Disease Models, Animal ; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Microglia ; metabolism ; pathology ; Neurons ; metabolism ; pathology ; Signal Transduction