It is of important significant to predict the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection in clinic. Various risks scoring systems can achieve better prediction effect by integrating a variety of risk factors, but they still need to be perfected. Recent researches have found that some genotypes and genetic variations are associated with the occurrence of HCC and they can indicate the tumorigenesis of HCC. Some known or newly discovered indicators such as WFA⁺ -M2BP can be used to predict the occurrence of HCC independently or jointly. With the development of research, more genes, indicators as well as newly built scoring system will be utilized to predict the occurrence of HCC in clinic.