Objective: To summarize the different cardiac shunt presentation in right heart contrast echocardiography and to clarify its clinical value for diagnosing the patients with congenital heart disease (CHD).
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 102 patients who received right heart contrast echocardiography in our hospital from 2006 to 2014. The contrast media was the hand-vibrated mixture of 9 ml 50% glucose solution with 1 ml air.
Results: There were 49/102 patients with abnormal blood shunt detected including 8 patients of atrial septal defect (ASD) with right to left or dual shunt, 7 of ASD with left to right shunt, 9 of patent foramen ovale (PFO) with functional right to left shunt, 13 of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) combining pulmonary arterial hypertension, 3 of pulmonary arteriovenous ifstula (PAVF), 9 patients with persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) and 8 of them drain to coronary vein sinus, 1 drain to left atrium.
Conclusion: Right heart contrast echocardiography may simply and effectively detect abnormal blood shunt in patients combining pulmonary arterial hypertension and improve the diagnostic accuracy of CHD.

Objective? To explore the posttraumatic growth of young maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients and to analyze its influencing factors. Methods? From March 2017 to October 2017, we selected young MHD patients from 4 Class Ⅲ Grade A hospitals as subjects by convenience sampling. All of the patients were investigated with the general information questionnaire and Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI). The single factor analysis and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of posttraumatic growth. Results? The score of PTGI of young MHD patients was (65.33±10.25). Multiple linear regression analysis showed the main four influencing factors of posttraumatic growth of young MHD patients included affording medical expense, course of hemodialysis, number of complications and disease knowledge (P＜0.05). Conclusions? Young MHD patients has a medium level of posttraumatic growth influenced by many factors. Clinical health care provides should carry out targeted intervention to promote individual posttraumatic growth.