Objective Trachoma is a preventable infective eye disease worldwide. The incidence rate of active trachoma in children can reflect the epidemical degree of trachoma in the location. This study tried to assess the prevalence and risk factors of trachoma in students at primary school in Wuqiang County, China. Methods An epidemiological survey was carried out in Wuqiang County in 2006. The investigators were from Wuqiang County Hospital and Beijing Tongren Eye Center and received special training. Primary school children aged 6- to 16-years-old were selected by a cluster sampling with the class shift as the sampling unit. Trachoma was clinically examined under the slim lamp and assessed based on the simplified classification for trachoma proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO). The C. Trachomatis inclusion body was detected from conjunctival swab of patients with trachoma using enzyme immunoassay and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The questionnaire was performed in the examinees and parents. The survey followed the Declaration of Helsinki and written informed consent was obtained from the examinees. Results A total 379 cases with trachoma were determined in 1622 primary school examinees with the prevalence 23. 4% (95% CI:25. 5% -21. 3%) .including follicular trachoma in 81% and intense trachoma in 19% . The overall prevalence of trachoma was higher in female students than male ones (25. 8% versus 20. 9%, P = 0. 020). No inclusion body of the conjunctiva was observed. Sixty-four cases (38. 1%) presented the positive response for C. Trachomatis antigen by enzyme immunoassay, and 109 cases (64. 9%) were positive response by PCR. The multiple factors logistic regression analysis showed the risk factors for active trachoma included living location, suburbs and female and age(0R =0.763, 1.299, 1. 147 respectively). Conclusion Trachoma showes a disseminating procedure among primary school children in Wuqiang County. The prevention strategy should be made for related risk factors.

Objective To research and discuss the scientificalness and effectiveness of professional core competence training in the operating theatre so as to seek for a way for the professional growth of operating room nurses.Methods Under the guidance of Guideline on Core Competence Building of Professional Nurses compiled by Department of Health of Guangdong Province in 2009,in accordance with the theory of core competence training and taking into account of different yearly salaries and levels of 21 nurses,we made respective plans and carried them out.Results After implementing professional core competence training,the rate of operating nurses' mastering basic knowledge and techniques reaches 92.50％,the rate of mastering professional knowledge and techniques reaches 86.25％,the ability of clinical thinking increases by 85％,the ability of education and research development increases by 78.50％,the ability of self-training raises by 98.20％,safe management raises by 91.50％,and the emergency ability raises by 93.60％.The analysis and compare are based on seven aspects,therefore are of statistical significance.Conclusion The training of the core competence in the operating theatre is practical,scientific and feasible in-service education which not only improves operating room nurses' abilities of clinical thinking and solving clinical nursing problems,but also provides career progress for operating room nurses.

Objective To study the color Doppler ultrasound image characteristics and ultrasonic diagnosis classification of Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS),so as to facilitate the treatment choice.Methods The clinical material of 126 BCS patients were retrospectively analyzed.All patients were proved by angiography,intervention or surgical treatment,and were classified according to the main color Doppler ultrasound images.Results According to the image characteristics of color Doppler ultrasound,BCS patients were divided into eight types:type Ⅰ,incomplete membrane of inferior vena cava in 30 cases; type Ⅱ,complete membrane of inferior vena cava in 3 cases;type Ⅲ,stenosis of inferior vena cava in 8 patients;type Ⅳ,inferior vena cava obstruction in 3 patients;type Ⅴ,stenosis of big hepatic vein in 20 cases;type Ⅵ,big hepatic vein obstruction in 15 cases; type Ⅶ,extensive obstruction of small hepatic vein in 9 cases; type Ⅷ,38 cases of mixed lesions.Conclusions Color Doppler ultrasound can display the stenosis or obstruction of the inferior vena cava,hepatic vein with property,position,degree and the hemodynamic changes,which are accurate and reliable to the diagnosis and classification of BCS.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect and the mechanism of panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) on the vascular intima hyperplasia and expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) after aortic intima injury induced ballcon in rats.

METHODModel of aortic intima denudation in rats was established by 2.0 forgarty. The rats were randomly divided into sham group, model group, PNS group and atorvastatin group. Drugs were administered at the second day after the aortic intima injury for 14 days. The injured thoracic aorta segment were taken to detected the vascular morphological changes and expression of PCNA by histomorphology and immunohistochemic methods.

RESULTThe intimal area (IA), intimal thickness (IT), hyperplasia ratio of intimal area (HRIA), the ratio of intimal/mesolamella area and thickness in the model group were significantly higher than those of the sham operation (P<0.01). The above indexes in PNS and atorvastatin group were markedly lower than those in the model group (P<0.05). Compared with the sham group, the expression of PCNA in the model was enhanced remarkably (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the expression of PCNA in PNS and atorvastatin group was significantly lowered (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONPNS could inhibit intima hyperplasia by inhibiting proliferation of the vascular smooth muscle cell after vascular intima injury.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Animals ; Aorta ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Hyperplasia ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Male ; Panax notoginseng ; chemistry ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; metabolism ; Rats ; Saponins ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Tunica Intima ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology

Objective To monitor the dynamic change of soluble myeloid cells trigger receptor 1 (sTREM-1)and the clearance rate of sTREM-1 (sTREM-1 c) in patients with sepsis shock and to explore its value in assessing the prognosis.Methods A total of 54 patients from January to December 2016 were divided into improved group and death group,sTREM-1 and sTREM-1c level at 1,5,7 and 9 d were monitored and the receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis was used to judge its value in prognosis.Results Comparison of baseline of APACHE Ⅱ score,PCT and age in 2 groups was statistically significant.After treatment,the sTREM-1 level declined,especially in improved group.Similarly,sTREM-1c in improved group at 5,7 and 9 d dropped more significantly than that in death group (P ＜ 0.05).At different time points,sTREM-1 7 topped the predictive value of AUC on the prognosis,followed by APACHE Ⅱ and sTREM-1 5,PCT,sTREM-1 9,sTREM-1c 9 and sTREM-1 1,and sTREM-1c 5 and sTREM-1c 7 were the minimum.Conclusion Effect of dynamic monitoring of sTREM-1 and sTREM-1c analysis in clinic is better than that of simply monitoring of sTREM-1.

OBJECTIVE To establish high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） fingerprint of Xiaohe syrup and determine the contents of 10 effective ingredients in them. METHODS With 12 batches of Xiaohe syrup as samples， ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （UPLC-MS/MS） was adopted with Athena C18 （250 mm×4.6 mm， 5 μm） as the chromatographic column， acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution as mobile phase for gradient elution. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min， and the detection wavelength was 210 nm. Similarity Evaluation System for Traditional Chinese Medicine Chromatographic Fingerprint （2012A version） was imported to establish the fingerprint of Xiaohe syrup and evaluate the similarity. The content determination was performed on ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18（ 100 mm×2.1 mm， 1.7 μm） chromatographic column， with 0.01% formic acid acetonitrile-0.01% formic acid water as mobile phase for gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min； combined with high-resolution mass spectrometer， positive and negative ions were scanned with an electric spray ion source to determine the content of each main component in 12 batches of Xiaohe syrup. RESULTS A total of 33 common peaks were calibrated in 12 batches of samples， with similarities greater than 0.97； 10 chromatographic peaks were confirmed， namely flavonoid glycosides， paeoniflorin， ferulic acid， naringin， rosmarinic acid， neohesperidin， salvianolic acid B， tetrahydropalmatine， saikosaponin A， and saikosaponin D. The results of content determination showed that the above 10 components had good linear relationships within their respective mass concentration ranges （all R 2＞0.999）， with contents ranging from 0.35 to 0.64， 3.15 to 5.61， 0.11 to 0.17， 1.68 to 3.17， 1.59 to 1.90， 1.15 to 1.64， 0.78 to 1.48， 0.11 to 0.26， 0.06 to 0.13， and 0.33 to 0.61 mg/mL， respectively. CONCLUSIONS The main components of 12 batches of Xiaohe syrup are similar， but the contents vary； HPLC fingerprint and UPLC-MS/MS content determination method established in this study can be used for comprehensive quality evaluation of Xiaohe syrup.