Objective To observe the clinical effect of MIS-TLIF internal fixation for single-level lumbar disc hernia-tion under X-tube system. Methods Twenty-two cases of patients in our hospital with single-level lumbar disc hernia-tion were treated by MIS-TLIF internal fixation under X-tube system from March 2012 to June 2013. Results The mean operation time was 112 minutes(from 80 to 140 minutes).The mean intraoperative blood loss was 94.8 mL (from 60 mL to 150 mL). Length of hospitalization time was from 4 to 8 days, with the mean time was six days. All the pa-tients were followed up for 3-12 months. ODI scores (79.6±9.5) points preoperatively, and (10.9±4.0) at the last follow-up time postoperatively which indicated statistically significant difference(t=31.19,P<0.01);VAS scores(7.0±1.3) points preoperatively, and (1.1±0.6) at the last follow-up time postoperatively, which also showed statistically significant difference(t=19.78,P<0.01). The results were excellent in 16 cases,good in 4,fair in 2 elevated by Macnab scale at the last follow-up. The excellent-to-good rate was 90.9%. Conclusion The MIS-TLIF treatment under X-tube system can complete nerve roots decompression, fixation and fusion successfully in single-level lumbar disc hernia-tion, which have so many advantages of lower operating damage, less blood loss, faster recovery, safety, and excel-lent clinical results.