ObjectiveTo evaluate the value of three dimensional spiral computed tomography(3D SCT) and its reconstruction technique in the diagnosis of spinal fracture. Methods85 patients of vertebral fractures were examined with helical CT thin scan. After data were transferred to computer workstation,MPR and 3D images were reconstructed. Each study was evaluated for showing the level of the fractures, vertebral alignment, vertebral height loss,line of fractures, posterior element involvement, narrowing of the vertebral canal, and the grade of rotation and/or dislocation. Results85 patients were detected in 104 CT vertebral fractures:C4 ～ C7 4 vertebra,T6 9vertebra,T10 10 vertebra,T11 16 vertebra,T12 22 vertebrae,L1 19 vertebrae,L2 6vertebra,L3 8 vertebrae,L4 10 vertebra. Of 85 cases,The fratures were displayed by the images of CT,MPR is more supcrior in displaying alignment and displaeement of frarue than thoso of other techniques, MPR has an advantage in displaying the small fractures,3D displays the space of bone structures,and neural canal compression. ConclusionSpiral CT diagnosis of vertebral fractures had a high application value. Axial, MPR and 3D in combination, could clear the degree of injury,three-dimensional,visual, multi-directional information needed to provide clinicians, will help the choice of treatment.

BACKGROUND:Treatment after intracerebral hemorrhage can effectively suppress immune function. The immune suppression after ischemic stroke has been studied in detail.
OBJECTIVE:To construct an immunosuppressed rat model after cerebral hemorrhage, and assess its stability.
METHODS:Sixty Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group, sham group, and cerebral hemorrhage group, with 20 rats in each group. Rat models of acute cerebral hemorrhage were established by 50μL arterial blood injection in the rat basal ganglia. Rats in the sham group were injected with 50μL of saline, and the operation was identical to cerebral hemorrhage model. Rats in the control group received no treatment. At 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours after model establishment, leukocytes, lymphocytes, and lymphocyte percentage were analyzed by blood analyzer. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the levels of serum proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 and anti-inflammatory cytokine transforming growth factorβin rats. Dissected rat spleen tissue was subjected to histological and histopathological detection. RT-PCR and western blotting were utilized to measure changes in transforming growth factorβ, interleukin-6 gene and protein expression in the spleen.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Compared with the sham group and control group, leukocyte number was significantly higher, but lymphocyte percentage gradual y reduced in the cerebral hemorrhage group at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours (P<0.05). (2) Compared with the sham group and control group, interleukin-6 levels in the blood and spleen were higher at 24 hours, peaked at 72 hours, and decreased at 96 hours in the cerebral hemorrhage group (P<0.05). (3) Compared with the sham group and control group, transforming growth factorβexpression was lower at 24 hours, gradual y increased at 72 hours, and higher at 96 hours in the rat blood and spleen of the cerebral hemorrhage group (P<0.05). (4) These findings indicate that immune function excitement first appeared after cerebral hemorrhage, and immune suppression appeared at 96 hours, indicating successful model establishment and good stability.

This case report presents an extracted maxillary third molar,which have 3 separate roots with 5 canals,the canal configuration in mesiobuccal root are 3 separate orifices and canals,1 apical foramen.The clinician should be aware of this anatomical variation,avoid the missed canals.

Objective To investigate the expression of serum interleukin-2(IL-2),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in the pa-tients with pulmonary tuberculosis and diabetes,and prelininary explore its clinical significance.Methods Experiment were divided into control group(health check-up outpatient,n=10),pulmonary tuberculosis group(n=20),diabetes group(n=20),tuberculosis combine diabetes group(n=20),tuberculosis combine diabetes group was divided into improved group,diabetes group and deterio-rated group after 2 months with therapy according to disease outcome,ELISA assay was used to measured the level of serum IL-2 and TNF-α.Results Before treatment:serum IL-2 levels of pulmonary tuberculosis group,diabetes group and pulmonary tuberculo-sis combine diabetes group were reduced (P<0.05),and the pulmonary tuberculosis group was lower than the pulmonary tubercu-losis group and diabetes group (P<0.05);serum TNF-αlevels of pulmonary tuberculosis combine diabetes group,pulmonary tu-berculosis group and diabetes group increased (P<0.05),and that of pulmonary tuberculosis combine diabetes group was higher than that of diabetes group (P<0.05).After treatment:the level of serum IL-2 increased and TNF-αsignificantly decreased in pul-monary tuberculosis combine diabetes improved group (P<0.05),the deterioration group had no change(P>0.05).Conclusion IL-2 and TNF-αplay a role in the immune pathogenesis of tuberculosis combine diabetes,which dynamic changes can reflect the progression and outcome of pulmonary tuberculosis combine diabetes.

AIM: To access the difference of the efficacy between terbinafine and itraconazole in the treatment of dermatophyte onychomycosis. METHODS: The Medline, Science Direct On Site (SDOS), and Springer database were searched in detail on the data of the mycological cure rates of the two antifungal agents for treatment of dermaphyte onychomycosis occourring in patients aged from 18 a to 60 a with the published double blind randomized clinical trials and then pooled. The odds ratio (OR) and its 95 % confidence interval (CI) were calculated. RESULTS: Six treatises of double blind randomized clinical trials were selected for this analysis according to the screening criteria. The mycological cure rate of continuous terbinafine 250 mg per day was higher than that of either therapeutic effect of itraconazole pulse 400 mg per day (OR = 5.01, 95 % CI (3.42 - 7.33)) or continuous itraconazole 200 mg per day (OR = 2.58, 95 % CI (1.91 - 3.49)) . CONCLUSION: Terbinafine is more effective than itraconazole in the treatment of dermatophyte onychomycosis.

Objective To explore the relationship between cerebrovascular steno-occlusive disease and neuropsychological performance by cognitive function assessment.Methods Using a case-control study,45 patients with cerebrovascular steno-occlusive lesions (patient group) and 59 control subjects without cerebrovascular steno-occlusive disease were included,36 simple hypertension (hypertension group)and 34 simple diabetes mellitus subjects (diabetes mellitus group) without cerebrovascular steno-occlusive disease were also included.A battery of neuropsychological was performed in all subjects.The test battery included tests of memory,executive functions,mental speed,visuospatial ability and visuoconstructive skill,anxietas and depression.Results Patient group showed impairments in multiple cognitive domains compared with other three groups.The immediate recall of auditory verbal learning test (controls 56.8 ± 6.5 ;patient group 48.5 ± 10.1 ;hypertension group 53.5 ±9.0 ;diabetes mellitus group 55.9 ± 7.9;t =-3.57-4.822,P =0.000-0.021) were impaired seriously.Moreover,visual memory Modified Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test immediate recall,long time delayed recall and executive function California cards sorting test were also impaired.Patient group was divided into two subgroups,and neuropsychological tests of these subgroups were compared.Multiple stenosis subgroup had significantly worse performance in tests of verbal memory and some executive functions than the single artery stenosis subgroup.Conclusions Cerebrovascular steno-occlusive disease was associated with poorer neuropsychological performance,which could not be explained by vascular risk factors.Multiple stenosis subgroup had lower performance levels in neuropsychological tests than simple stenosis subgroup.Ischemia or hypoperfusion caused by steno-occlusive disease might be responsible for these cognitive impairments.

N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP) with no biological activity is the best cardiac marker in the diagnosis,risk stratification,prognosis and therapeutic monitoring of the patients with cardiac dysfunction,and is one of the natriuretic peptides.In this review,we aim to the latest progress of NT-proBNP study on its change during peri-cardiopulmonary bypass,and its applications in the diagnosis of preoperative cardiac function and in the guidance of heart failure therapy.

Sleep disorders are common diseases with various dys-function during sleep-wake process, including difficulty falling or staying asleep, falling asleep at inappropriate times, excessive total sleep time, or abnormal behaviors associated with sleep. Sleep disorders can lead to the deposition of amyloid beta protein ( Aβ) by affecting the normal metabolism of amyloid beta protein in the brain. Patients with Alzheimer’s disease ( AD) often suffer from sleep disorders, and its pathology always results in more se-vere sleep disorders, which leads to a risk of cognitive impair-ment and hypofunction. Sleep disorders could interact closely with AD, forming a positive feedback loop, which causes serious damage to the body health. This review summarized the current research about sleep disorder in the onset of AD and the current status of medication.

Blepharoplasty ; Eyelids ; abnormalities ; injuries ; Humans ; Surgical Flaps

Objective To investigate the therapeutic mechanism of Chinese medicine of Yi Xin Le oral liquid (YXL) on insomnia. Methods Mice spontaneous activities,mice sleep time induced by sodium pentobarbital in the threshold dose and under the threshold dose and mice convulsion induced by strychnine nitrate were observed to evaluate the sedative, hypnotic and anticonvulsive actions of YXL. Results YXL could restrain the spontaneous movement in mice,had a synergistic action with sodium pentobarbital on mice sleep,and could counteract the convulsive attack induced by strychnine nitrate in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion YXL has obvious sedative, hypnotic and anticonvulsive actions and this will supply evidence for its clinical usage.