This study introduces the core ideas of rehabilitation from United Nations Standard Rules on the Equalization of Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities, United Nations Convention of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and WHO resolution on Disability, including prevention, management and rehabilitation, discusses the main contents of WHO action plan from 2006～2011 of disability and rehabilitation, and provides some recommendations for the development of rehabilitation in China.

With the progress and development of the DNA test and imaging technique, and the evolu-tion of evidence rule which bring the discussions about whether the individual identification using imag-ing data is outdated, and other disputes such as whether radiologic evidence could be suitable for con-temporary evidence and be used to solve the posture difference of imaging test. This article summaries the domestic and foreign researches of individual identification using imaging data in the past 20 years and reviews the problems above.

All information processing and transmission in the brain involves synapses, the synaptic cell adhesion molecules play an important role in the formation, maturation and maintenance of synapses. Neuroligin1 ( NL1) is excitatory postsynaptic trans?membrane cell adhesion molecules. The interaction between NL1 and other molecules, such as Neurexin1 ( NRXN1) , involves in the formation, plasticity and function of synapses. NL1 knockout or overexpression displayed impairment in learning and memory, thus sug?gesting that NL1 participates in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disease with cognitive dysfunction. Therefore, study of NL1 will open up new avenues to understand pathogenesis of cognitive dysfunction, and may provide a novel insight into prevention and treatment of cognitive dysfunction?associated diseases.

Objective To evaluate the value of evoked potentials (EP) in diagnoses of minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) for liver cirrhotic patients without overt hepatic encephalopathy (OHE). Methods A blind and self control study was conducted in 114 liver cirrhotic patients without OHE. All patients were tested for MHE by the number connection test-A(NCT-A), digit symbol test (DST), visual evoked potentials (VEP), brain-stem auditoru evoked potentials (BAEP), short latency somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP), P300 auditory event-related potentials (P300ERP). MHE was identified when the NCT-A or/and DST was abnormal. The positive rate was compared among VEP, BAEP, SSEP and P300ERP for their reliability and validity in diagnosis of MHE. Results Of 114 patients, 60 patients were found with MHE (52. 6%), which was positively correlated with Child-Pugh classifications (r=0. 278, P = 0. 003). The positive rate was found 17.5% in VEP, 29.8% in BAEP, 38. 6% in SSEP and 57. 0% in P300ERP. There was no significant difference in diagnosis of MHE between P300ERP and NCT-A+DST (X2 =0. 432,P = 0. 511). The sensitivity of VEP, BAEP, SSEP or P300ERP for diagnosis of MHE was 13. 3%, 41. 7%, 46. 7% or 73. 3%, respectively, whereas the specificity was 77. 8%, 83. 3%, 70. 4% or 61. 1 %, respectively. The receiver operating characteristic curve revealed that the best sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of MHE was P300EERP (area under the curve was 0. 672, 95%CI 0. 572 * 0. 773). The agreement of NCT-A+DST with VEP, BAEP, SSEP or P300ERP was 43. 9%, 61. 4%, 57. 9% or 67. 5%. Conclusions P300ERP is a sensitive and specific method for the diagnosis of MHE. which can serve as a supplement but not instead of NCT-A+DST.

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a concentrated source of autologous platelets after centrifugation, being used widely in plastic surgery and oral-maxillofacial surgery. Recent studies have showed that PRP can improve bone repair, vasculogenesis, and soft tissue repair. Composite of PRP and stem cells is applied in the field of orthopedics and tissue engineering. As a matter of fact, PRP has become a hot research topic. In addition, PRP plays an important role in the healing of chronic wound. This paper briefly introduces the main components of PRP and its clinical application, the mechanism for bone healing and soft tissue repair, as well as the latest research achievement and discussion in the shortcoming of PRP in clinical application.

Objective To explore an effective methods for percutaneous biopsy needle fixing which is guided by CT.Methods After the biopsy needle gets to the destination along with the aforehand route,the unique designs of hollow cylinder and the strip can fix the biopsy needle effectively.Results In 342 cases of CT-GUIDED percutaneous biopsy,329 cases get to the pathological organize which can make accord with pathological diagnosis requirement,and the rate of success is up to 95.9%.It can replace the artificial fixed device.Conclusion The simple gassiness retainer is a very practical assistant apparatus in CT interventionao radiongy,and prevents medical worker and patient relatives from contacting the danger of the X-ray,which worth popularizing and applying.

Revascularization technique is a favorable approach to solve the insufficient compensation of cerebral blood flow for intractable intracranial aneurysms that needed to occlude parent arteries.With the development microsurgical technique and the improving of patency rate of vasotransplantation,the efficacy of revascularization for the treatment of intractable intracranial aneurysms is also improving constantly.

世界卫生组织的《国际功能、残疾与健康分类》（ICF）为我们理解健康、功能和残疾提供了一个新的基础。然而在其应用过程中可能会遇到不同的挑战。本文旨在解决其中的两个挑战：ICF内容效度以及ICF与其他健康相关概念如全健康、生活质量（QoL）和健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）的关系。正在进行的一系列效度研究证实，ICF是一个完备的分类：它既涵盖构成人类功能和残疾体验的健康及其相关领域，又涵盖大多数影响功能和残疾体验的环境因素。而且ICF也有助于人们把健康理解为一个序列：以身体为中心的观念（身体的健康体验）、综合的观念（“全健康体验”），并最终发展成为整体观念（“人类体验”），最后这种整体观念把健康看作人类体验的一部分。ICF将健康从一个狭隘的观点转变为广义的功能观点，使得健康作为人类体验的一部分可操作化。ICF及其类目也可以作为客观评价全健康的起点：HRQoL既然被定义为个体对健康和全健康的健康相关领域的一种知觉，基于ICF功能概念的类目也就可作为HRQoL评定的基础。

OBJECTIVE: The safety of rush immunotherapy (RIT) in Chinese allergic rhinitis (AR)patients is unknown. The purpose of this prospective was to assess the safety differences between RIT and conventional immunotherapy in Chinese AR patients, and then discuss the clinical application feasibility of RIT. METHOD: A one-year study period was set for this study. The enrolled patients were divided into 2 groups according to their preference of therapy: RIT or conventional immunotherapy using standardized house dust mite allergen vaccine. For safety evaluation, the local and systemic adverse reactions were recorded throughout the both groups initial phase. Week 0 (W0), Week 2 (W2), Week 5 (W5), Week 17 (W17) were set as observation time points for leukotriene (LT-B4) and so on. The Generalized Mixed Linear Model with SPSS13. O and the chi-square test with SAS 9. 1.3 were used for Statistics. RESULT: Fifty-two cases were enrolled into the RIT group, of which 49 patients have completed the established treatment study, and 3 cases were lost to follow-up. In the conventional immunotherapy group, 35 cases were enrolled, of which 32 have completed established treatment study, and 3 cases were lost to follow-up. The local and systemic adverse events of AR RIT appeared to be similar to those of conventional therapy and LT-B4 was descended steadily in the two groups. CONCLUSION Processed in advance Chinesear with drugs, RIT is similar to the safety of conventional immunotherapy.
Humans ; Immunotherapy ; methods ; Linear Models ; Prospective Studies ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; therapy

Objective To investigate the properties of proliferation and differentiation of neonatal rat retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) in vitro. Methods RPCs were isolated from neonatal SD rats neural retina and cultured in DMEM/F12+N2 with EGF and bFGF (suspension medium )or 10%FBS without EGF and bFGF (differentiation medium). The cells grew as suspended spheres or adherent monolayers, depending on different culture conditions. The neural stem cells or retinal progenitors, neurons, astrocytes, retinal ganglion cells, rod photoreceptors and the proliferating cells were evaluated with immunofluorescence analysis by Nestin or Pax6, Map2, GFAP, Thy-1, Rhodopsin and BrdU antibodies respectively. Results RPCs could propagate and differentiate in suspension or differentiation medium and express the markers of Nestin (92.86%) or Pax6 (86.75%), Map2 (38.54%), GFAP (20.93%), Thy-1 (27.66%) and Rhodopsin(13.33%)in suspension medium; however, Nestin (60.27%), Pax6 (52%), Map2 (34.94%), GFAP (38.17%), Thy-1(30.84%) and Rhodopsin (34.67%) in differentiation medium. 96.4% of the population in the neurospheres was BrdU-positive cells. The cells could spontaneously adherent forming some subspheres and retinal specific cell types. Conclusion Neonatal rat RPCs possess the high degree of proliferation and can differentiate into neurons, astrocytes, retinal ganglion cells and rod photoreceptors in vitro. There are different proportions for RPCs to differentiate into specific cell types.