Communication disorders of children with autism need early intervention with various kinds of augmentative and alternative communication technology. Currently, the main intervention techniques include picture exchange communication system (PECS), speech generating device (SGD) and intelligent augmentative and alternative communication combined with mobile technology. This article intro-duced children with autism, augmentative and alternative communication system and relationship between them.

Objective To study the chemical constituents in the edible part of Pistacia chinensis Methods The alcohol extract was isolated by silica gel, RP-18 and Sephadex LH-20, and the compound structures were identified by physicochemical methods and spectroscopic analyses. Results Sixteen compounds were isolated from EtOAc extract of the edible part of P. chinensis Their structures were identified as ?-sitosterol (Ⅰ), 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (Ⅱ), ethyl gallate (Ⅲ), alnusidiol (Ⅳ), amentoflavone (Ⅴ), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (Ⅵ), protocatechuic acid (Ⅶ), gallic acid (Ⅷ), quercetin-3-O-?-D-xylopyranoside (Ⅸ), rutin (Ⅹ), daucostenol (Ⅺ), quercetin-3-O-?-D-glucopyranoside (ⅩⅡ), quercetin (ⅩⅢ), kaempferol-3, 7-O-?-L-dirhamnoside (ⅩⅣ), naringenin (ⅩⅤ), and 4-hydroxycinnamic acid (ⅩⅥ). Conclusion Compounds, except Ⅰ, Ⅲ, Ⅷ, ⅩⅡ, and ⅩⅢ, are isolated from this plant for the first time.

Objective To explore a practicable method of serial sections of whole CNS in the rat, in which both neurons and nerve fibers were showed at the same section. Methods After perfused fixation and quick freezing, the tissues of whole CNS were cut into serial sections with cryostat followed by hematoxylin stain. Results The nerve fibers were stained in blue color while the neurons were showed black-blue and the background was light-yellow.Conclusion Our method was feasible to show both neurons and nerve fibers at the same section with quick freezing, freezing serial sectioning and improved hematoxylin staining.

Objective To explore the protein expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), and to investigate their relationships between their serum concentration before operation and the infiltration and metastasis of thyroid carcinoma. Methods The protein expressions of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in 32 cases of thyroid carcinomas, 23 cases of adjacent tissues and 30 cases of benign hyperplastic lesions were measured by using immunohistochemistry. The preoperative serum concentrations of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in 21 cases of thyroid carcinomas and 19 cases of benign hyperplastic lesions were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results The positive expression rates of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in tumor tissues were significantly higher (75.0%,56.3%)than those in adjacent tissues and benign hyperplastic lesions (30.4%, 21.7%; 26.7%, 23.3%) P

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of herceptin to rat bladder cancer. Methods Totally 50 SD rats were randomly divided into experimental group (n=40) and control group (n=10). The rats of experimental group received a perfusion into the bladder with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) at 2.5 mg every time, once per 3 weeks for 4 times in all, while those of the control group underwent a perfusion with normal saline instead of MNU. In 1 week after the last perfusion, the bladders were slited for gross observation and the biopsies were carried out for pathological observation with HE staining. Immunohistochemical SP method and RT-PCR were applied to detect HER-2 protein and mRNA expression in tumor tissues. Then 16 rats with HER-2 positive bladder cancer were randomly and equally divided into treatment group (herceptin, 20 mg/kg by intraperitoneal injection, once per week for 6 weeks) and non-treatment group (normal saline, 0.5 ml). Tumor weight, size and shape were measured and calculated for the inhibitory rate of herceptin. HE staining was carried out for the morphology of the tumor mass. The expression of HER-2 protein was detected with immunohistochemical SP method, and apoptosis in bladder tumor tissues with TUNEL method. Results The results of inhibitory rate was 50.0%, and it showed that the differences were statistically significant in treatment group compared with non-treatment group (P

Objective: The relationship between intracranial pressure (ICP) and visual evoked potential (VEP) or brainstem auditory evoked potential(BAEP)was investigated. Method:An acute intracranial hypertension animal model was established in ten anesthetized rabbits. The changes of VEP and BAEP were observed by an AXON Systems Sentinel-4 Neurologid monitor at different levels of ICP,which were monitored with a fiberoptic transducer being inserted into the epidural space through a burrhole. Result:Both latencies of waves P_1 and N_2 of VEP was positively correlated with the ICP(r=0.62,r=0.60,P

Field operation infirmary should conquer many complicated situations, such as overuse of vehicles, too far maneuvering distance, too long maneuvering time, and complicated road state. The author puts forward that in the marching, the division of responsibilities and march discipline should be very strict, and vanguard should be sent before field operation infirmary, which ensure the operation infirmary to reach the destination safely and successfully.

AIM: To establish an HPLC for determining notoginsenoside R1,ginsenoside Rg1,ginsenoside Rb1 in Xueshuantong Injection (total saponin of Radix et Rhizoma Notoginseng).METHODS: The analysis was performed on UltimateTM XB C18 column(4.6 mm ? 250 mm,5 ?m) with a gradient mobile phase of acetonitrile(A)water(B) (0-30 min,20% A→38% A;30-31 min 38% A→20% A;31-40 min,20% A) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.The column temperature was maintained at 40 ℃,and the detection wavelength was set at 203 nm.RESULTS:The linear range of notoginsenoside R1 fell within 0.40 -4.01 ?g (r =0.999 9 ) and the average recovery was 99.36 % (RSD = 0.72% ,n = 6).The linear range of ginsenoside Rg1 fell within 1.47-14.69 ?g (r = 0.999 9) and the average recovery rate was 99.41% (RSD = 0.52% ,n = 6).The linear range of ginsenoside Rb1 fell within 1.50-15.03 ?g(r = 0.999 9) and the average recovery rate was 99.47% (RSD = 0.50% ,n = 6).CONCLUSION: This method is accurate,simple,rapid and can be used for the quality control of Xueshuantong Injection.

Objective To analyze effect of intra-articular injections of sodium hyaluronate combined with diprospan in the treatment of hip osteoarthritis.Methods 90 patients with hip arthritis patients from January 2014 to July 2015 were randomly divided into observation group and control group.45 cases in each group.Control group was given Diprospan treatment, observation group was treated with articular injection of sodium hyaluronate combined with diprospan treatment.After 4 weeks of treatment,patients were followed up and recorded hip pain VAS score and WOMAC score, lipids and C-reactive protein levels, content changes in ESR and TNF-α.Results The patients after hip pain VAS score and WOMAC scores were better than control group(P<0.05).After observation group patients lipids and C-reactive protein were lower than control group(P<0.05).After treatment ESR and TNF-αof observation group were lower than control group’s(P<0.05).Conclusion Intra-articular injections of sodium hyaluronate combined with diprospan in treatment of hip arthritis has definite clinical effect.