OBJECTIVE To discuss the risk factors causing nosocomial infection in department of psychiatry,Hospital for Mental Health and Rehabilitation so that to provide basis for prevention and control of nosocomial infections.METHODS Both the prospective and retrospective investigations were carried out among 3 525 inpatients form Jan 1,2006 to Dec 31,2006.RESULTS Eighty-five cases of nosocomial infection were with infection rate of 2.41%.The upper respiratory tract infection,gastrointestinal infection and lower respiratory tract infection were the top 3 infections.CONCLUSIONS The occurrence of nosocomial infection is related to the susceptibility,hospital stay time,unreasonable drug application,managing model of mental health hospital and antipsychotics usage.

OBJECTIVE To understand the antibacterial medicine usage in inpatients in department of psychiatry to promote the rational use of antibacterial drugs. METHODS Totally 4092 cases of inpatients from Jan 1 to Dec 31 2007 were studied.Both the prospective monitoring and retrospective investigation were carried out. RESULTS From them 471 cases were administrated with antibacterial drugs,and the usage rate was 11.51%,among which the therapeutic administration accounted for 58.17%,and the preventive one of 41.61%(P

Objective Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly IC) plays an important role in the central nervous system damage and repair.This study was to investigate the effect of poly IC on inflammatory response after spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury (SCIRI) in rats.Methods A total of 72 healthy adult male SD rats were equally randomized into a sham-operation, an ischemia-reperfusion (IR), and a poly IC group.The abdominal cavities of the rats were cut open and closed again in the sham-operation group and SCIRI models were established in the IR and poly IC groups by clamping the abdominal aorta, followed by reperfusion 60 minutes later and intraperitoneal injection of saline (0.1 mL) and poly IC (1.25 μg/g), respectively.At 6, 24, and 48 hours after modeling, BBB scores were obtained and the contents of TNFα, IL-1β and IFN-β were measured by ELISA.At 48 hours, the expressions of NF-κB and IL-10 were determined by immunohistochemistry, the area of ischemic necrosis in the spinal cord tissue was calculated by TTC staining, and its morphological changes were observed under the optical microscope.Results At 48 hours after modeling, the BBB scores were significantly lower in the IR and poly IC groups than in the sham-operation group (3.80±0.75 and 9.40±0.49 vs 20.00±0.00, P<0.01), though higher in the poly IC than in the IR group (P<0.01).The rats of the IR group showed extensive degenerated neurons in the gray substance of the spinal cord, with scattered foci of bleeding and blood coagulation, while those of the poly IC group exhibited fewer necrotic neurons and basically normal nuclear morphology, though with a few swelling cells.The ischemic necrosis area of the spinal cord tissue was significantly reduced.The expression of NF-κB was decreased while that of IL-10 increased markedly.Compared with the IR group, the poly IC group showed a significant increase in the expression of IFNβ (117.23±6.06 vs 55.65±4.02, P<0.01) and a remarkably decrease in the expressions of TNFα (190.45±4.16 vs 201.82±2.18, P<0.01) and IL-1β (39.27±2.48 vs 50.59±1.47, P<0.01) at 48 hours.Conclusion Poly IC can protect the spinal cord and reduce inflammatory response after spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Objective To investigate the effect of proteasome inhibitor MG132 on the proliferation of human lens epithelial cells SRA01/04. Methods The SRA01/04 cells were treated with MG132 by different concentrations (0, 0. 1, 0. 5, 1. 0, 2. 5, 5.0, 10. 0μmol/L) for 36 hours. The cell viability in all groups was determined using methylthiazoltetrazolium (MTT) test. The effect of MG132 on the apoptosis and regulation of cell cycle about SRA01/04 cells were detected by flow cytometry (FCM). The SRA01/04 cells treated with MG132 were observed after Annexin V/FITC-PI staining by fluorescence microscope. Results The inhibitory effect of MG132 on SRA01/04 cells proliferation was enhanced with the increase of MG132 concentration. The 50% inhibiting concentration ( IC50 ) of MG132 was 2. 50μmol/L after SRA01/04 cells were treated with MG132 for 36 hours. The apoptosis index of the cells treated by MG132 at 2. 5μmol/L and 5 μmol/L for 36 hours was 6. 55 ± 0. 35% and 13.75 ± 3.18%, and 0. 75 ± 0. 21% for 5.0μmol/L for 36 hours in control group. After cells were treated with MG132 for 48h, the percentages of cells at G0/G1 phase were (42. 57 ± 0. 64) %, (73.42 ± 3.10) %, ( 80. 95 ± 3.83 ) % 0, 2. 5,5.0 μmol/Lgroups respectively, and those at S phase were (49. 44±1.36)%, ( 17. 40 ± 1.50)%, ( 19. 57 ± 1.29)%.Annexin V/FITC-PI staining was used, and MG132 was found to result to apoptosis. Conclusions MG132 could inhibit the proliferation of SRA01/04 cells by the effect of inducing apoptosis and regulation of cell cycle. The proteasome inhibitor-might play a key role in the prevention of posterior capsular opacification.

Objective To discuss a new method of interventional and surgical therapy for the lower extremity postthrombotic syndrome (PTS). Methods 35 PTS cases were enrolled in our group. Dilation and stent placement in stenosis of iliac veins were performed in all cases, then temporary femoral arteriovenous fistula was established. After two weeks, 15 cases with varicosity underwent high ligation of the great saphenous vein and stripping, 5 cases with leg ulcers (ulcers diameter>3 cm) underwent skingrafting. After operation, patients took warfarin orally for 6 months and wear elastic compression stockings. Results Procedures were successful in all cases. Thrombectomy extracted only a few old thrombus. Before discharge, limb swelling subsided in 26 cases while 4 remain light swelling and 5 had no obviously relief. Twenty-six cases were followed-up for 3～24 monthes. Limb swelling subsided in 22 cases but still exist in 4. Limb ulcers were healed in 11 cases and the area of pigmentation were diminished. Limb ulcer recurred 12 months after skingrafting and healed finaly after perforator veins clipping with second skingrafting. Color Doppler was used in follow-up to check the potency of affected deep veins, good outcome was found in 20 cases and rough intima with stenosis of iliac veins was found in 2, no flow signal in 4. Conclusions Stenosis of iliac veins in PTS are common, the pathological changes could be treated by interveional method combined with temporary arteriovenous fistula. The degree of recanalization of femoral-popliteal veins determined the results.

han that in the control one (t=3.94, P<0.01).Conclusion Social skills training can effectively improve subjective satisfactions of the long-terra hospitalized patients with chronic schizophrenia.

Objective To evaluate the prevention and management for the complications in interventional therapy for the lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO). Methods In this study 207 ASO cases received interventional therapy. The relationship between complication rates and different TASC type and the influence of diabetes mellitus (DM) with coronary heart disease (CHD) on critical organs complication rates was analyzed. Results The intervention succeeded in 190 cases. There was 17 failures, including 13 procedure failures and 4 deaths due to postoperative critical organ complications. Among the complications there were puncture site hemorrhage in 12, pseudoaneurysm in 4, alimentary tract hemorrhage in 2, arteriorrhexis in 6, cerebral infarction in 8, acute heart failure in 9, respiratory failure in 13, renal failure in 6, thrombosis in 5 and blue-toe syndrome in 1. The intraoperative complication rate of femoral-political type (39.84%, 51/128) was high than that of aorta-iliac type (18.99%, 15/79) (P< 0.05). Those critical organ complication rates of patients with DM and patients with DM&CHD were 27.66% (13/47)and 24.49% (12/49)respectively, they were higher than that of patients without (5%, 2/40) (P<0.05). Conclusions The high complication rates during interventional therapy of ASO were because of misoperation and complicated pathological type and together with DM and CHD. These rates could be decreased when we treated DM and CHD before operation and chosen a reasonable method and shorten the duration of operation.

Objective To explore the experience in the diagnosis and treatment of elastofibroma dorsi.Methods Clinical data of 19 cases of pathologically confirmed elastofibroma from October 2001 to October 2011 were reviewed.The clinical features,the specific radiological characteristics,the typical pathological alterations and the short-term and long-term effects were analyzed.Results All the lesions were located within the muscles in the subscapular region.There were 3 cases with bilateral lesions and 16 cases with unilateral lesions.Seven patients complained of local pain and feeling of foreign body when activated the upper limb,while 12 were asymptomatic.Except for the early 6 cases,accurate diagnosis was made in all the other 13 cases before the histological exams solely based on the physical examination and imaging findings.Marginal excision was done for all the cases:the diameters of the masses were between 3 centimeters to 10 centimeters.Fluid accumulation complications was found in 1 case and resolved by repeated paracentesis;errhysis complication,was found in 1 case and resolved by compression,applying hemostatics and blood transfusion.No recurrence was found during the follow-up period(6 months to 48 months).Conclusion Elastofibroma dorsi is usually found in the subscapular region in elderly women.The diagnosis can be made on the basis of unique imaging characteristics and physical examination before histological examine.Surgical marginal excision can achieve good short-term and long-term effects.

Objective To discuss the surgical and interventional treatment of vascular injuries. Methods Clinical data of 85 patients with vascular injuries were retrospectively studied by grouping. Location of injury included jugular vein, vertebral artery, main extremity vessels and superior mesenteric artery. There were 25 patients with traffic injury and 60 with stah injury, of whom 62 patients underwent surgical operation (vascular grafting were performed in 37 and vascular repair in 25) and 23 received in-tervention therapy. Results There were one death and one amputation. Fifty-eight patients were fol-lowed up, which showed that all patients had good vascular patency. Conclusions Prompt and correct diagnosis is very important for treatment of vascular injury. Interventional treatment had merits of minor trauma, short operation duration, simple manipulation and quick postoperative recovery. Surgical opera-tion and endovascular intervention can be used together in treating vascular injury.

Objective To discuss the methods and the efficacy of interventional treatment of vascular injuries. Methods From January 2006 to March 2008, interventional therapy was performed in 13 cases of vascular injuries including injuries of internal jugular vein, subclavical artery, axillary artery,inferior vena cave, abdominal aorta, superior mesenteric artery, arteria iliaca, vena iliaca and femoral artery.Types of these injuries included arteriovenous fistula in 3, vascular rupture complicating haematoma in 4,pseudoaneurysm in 3 and arterial stenosis ensuing from injury repair in 3. Covered stent-grafts were used in 9 cases (10 stent-graft), mesh stem in 1, sealed with balloon in 2 and introcoil embolism in 1.Result Interventional procedure was successful in all these 13 cases, there was no mortality nor severe complications. Small amount of endoleak developed in thoracic aorta pseudoaneurysm and contrast leaked from internal jugular vein in left subclavical arteriovenous fistula after stent-graft insertion, these were healedconservatively. Twelve cases were followed up from 1 to 26 months. Hemoptysis occurred in patient with thoracic aorta pseudoaneurysm 12 months after intervention but without abnormality in CTA. There were no stem break, shift, deformation or stennsis and there were no recurrence of primary disease.Conclusion Interventional therapy is of less invasion, short performation duration, simple manipulation and quick postoperative recovery for vascular injuries.