This report concerns a 4-month-old infant with progressive prominent and redness of his left eye since birth. This report concerns a 4-month-old infant with progressive prominent redness of his left eye since birth. Angiography revealed a congenital pial arteriovenous fistula between the temporal branch of the left posterior cerebral artery and left cavernous sinus through the sphenoparietal sinus, a condition not reported in the literature. The fistula was successfully occluded with two micro-coils by vertebrobasilar approach.
Arteriovenous Fistula/*diagnosis/therapy ; *Cavernous Sinus/radiography ; Embolization, Therapeutic/methods ; Humans ; Infant ; Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations/*diagnosis/therapy ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Posterior Cerebral Artery ; Temporal Lobe/blood supply

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the position and shape of inserted electrode arrays by plain X-ray during cochlear implantation. METHOD: Cochlear view of implanted electrode arrays by plain X-ray were observed during operation in 54 patients received cochlear implant. RESULT: The image in cochlear view could provide the information about position and shape of inserted electrode arrays. The spiral-shape electrode arrays without distortion and folding were found in 52 cases. The complete insertion of intracochlear electrode in these patients were confirmed by surgery. Of 54 cases, the other 2 cases showed improper position and C-shape of intracochlear electrodes, one was partial insertion and the other was bending inside the cochlea. The bending electrode array was reinserted immediately during operation. CONCLUSION Routine plain X-ray after inserted electrode during operation was a best way of knowing the shape and depth of the electrode array, especial for the difficult cochlear implantation, and also could avoided anesthetization again.
Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cochlea ; diagnostic imaging ; Cochlear Implantation ; methods ; Cochlear Implants ; Electrodes, Implanted ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Radiography ; X-Rays ; Young Adult

The infectious disease outpatient service as a frontier is an important fulcrum of public health service. Its standardized construction is an important support for ensuring medical safety, reducing nosocomial infections, and controlling the epidemic of infectious diseases. The sub-specialty outpatient service of infection diseases includes fever outpatient service, intestinal outpatient service, tuberculosis outpatient service, AIDS outpatient service, liver disease outpatient service, etc. According to the characteristics of each subspecialty outpatient service and combining with clinical practice, we elaborated the setting norms of subspecialty outpatient service for common infectious diseases from the perspective of planning and design, building layout, equipment and facilities configuration, staffing, daily management and demonstration.