Objective To study the clinical value of 18F-FDG PET/CT in childhood neuroblastoma (NB). Methods 18F-FDG PET/CT was performed in 31 children diagnosed with NB. According to the treatment conditions, patients were divided into pre-therapy group, radiation and chemotherapy group, postoperative group, respectively. The positive rate, sites, and im-age characteristics of the primary lesion and metastasis lesion were analyzed through qualitative and quantitative analysis of the image. Results Twenty-one (67.7%) and fourteen (45.2%) patients were found positive in primary sites by CT and PET respectively. All cases (9/9, 100%) in pre-therapy group were found positive in primary lesions by PET, 3 positive cases (75.0%) in radiation and chemotherapy group and 2 positive cases (11.1%) in postoperative group. Twenty-one patients showed metas-tases (67.7%). Lymph nodes (16 cases) and bone (bone marrow) (13 cases) were the most common sites of metastasis followed by pleura, meninges, liver and retrobulbar inifltration, all of which showed increased FDG uptake. Two patients were found lesions in lungs by CT, but had no FDG uptake. SUVmax of primary lesions was signiifcantly different among pre-therapy, chemotherapy and postoperative group (H=13.89, P=0.001), and pre-therapy group had the highest value. Metastases (lymph nodes, bone and bone marrow, pleura, liver and meninges) in pre-therapy group had high SUVmax. Conclusions NB primary tumors are characterized by the increased FDG metabolism. PET can fully detect the distribution of NB metastases in whole body. Except the pulmonary metastasis, metastases in other positions show increased FDG uptake. PET has potential role in evaluating the efifcacy of radiation and chemotherapy, and identifying postoperative residual or recurrence.

BACKGROUND: Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is a peptide hormone, it has been proved a promotion role on the proliferation of precursor cells. OBJECTIVE: To explore the intravenous injection of IGF-1 on the proliferation, migration and differentiation of neural stem cells in rats after cerebral ischemia. METHODS: Eight adult male SD rats were randomly divided into control group and experimental group, with 40 rats in each group. The rats in two groups were used to prepare models of focal cerebral ischemia using modified suture method, the rats in the experimental group were treated with tail vein injection of IGF-1, according to 100 μg/kg computation, the injection was given for 6 continuous days; in the control group, rats were given equal volume of saline. The rats were decapitated at 7, 14, 21, 28 days following intervention, respectively, and rats in each group were given intraperitoneal injection of the BrdU at 1 day before death. Immunohistochemistry and double staining were applied to detect the expressions of BrdU-positive cells, PSA-NCAM-positive cells, BrdU + PSA-NCAM double-positive cells, and BrdU + MAP2 double-positive cells. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The number of BrdU-positive cells and PSA-NCAM positive cells reached the peak at 7 days after ischemia; BrdU + PSA-NCAM double-labeled-positive cells could be detected in ischemic bilateral subependymal zone and dentate gyrus, the number was the most at 7 days, then followed by a gradual decrease; the BrdU + MAP2 double-positive cells began to increase from 14 days, and then gradually increased along with the decrease of BrdU + PSA-NCAM double-positive expression, showing a reverse trend. Intravenous injection of IGF-1 can induce the proliferation, differentiation and migration of neural stem cells in rats following ischemic brain injury.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of the calcium phosphate cement (CPC) /calcium polyphosphate fiber (CPPF) composites mixed with different proportion of minimal morselized bone on repair of bone defect in vivo. MethodsA total of 36 New Zealand white rabbits were completely randomly designed into A, B, C, D groups and their bilateral radial bone defect model was prepared. The minimal morselized bone (300-500 μm in diameter) was made from the iliac of those rats. The CPPF and CPC were evenly mixed into CPC/CPPF composites which were divided into four groups in accordance with the CPPF weight O, 10％, 30％ and 50％ in CPC/CPPF composite. The CPC/CPPF composites of the four groups was mixed with the minimal morselized bone with ratio of 6:4 and then the mixture was implanted the bone defect of the rabbits in four groups. The gross, X-ray and histological observations were done at four and eight weeks. The biomechanical test was performed at eight weeks. Results When CPPF occupies 30％ of the CPC/CPPF composite, the maximum compressive load and bending loads were better than those in the other groups ( P ＜ 0.05 ), when the histological observation showed the most tight link between the artificial composite and the bone interface and the closest similarity between material degradation rate and the ossification rate, with the best osteogenesis and the optimal ratio.ConclusionThe repair of bone defect can attain the optimal outcome through adding a certain ratio of minimal morselized bone into the CPC/CPPF to adjust the degradation rate of composites.

To obtain an initial overview of gene diversity and expression pattern in porcine thymus, 11,712 ESTs (Expressed Sequence Tags) from 100-day-old porcine thymus (FTY) were sequenced and 7,071 cleaned ESTs were used for gene expression analysis. Clustered by the PHRAP program, 959 contigs and 3,074 singlets were obtained. Blast search showed that 806 contigs and 1,669 singlets (totally 5,442 ESTs) had homologues in GenBank and 1,629 ESTs were novel. According to the Gene Ontology classification, 36.99% ESTs were cataloged into the gene expression group, indicating that although the functional gene (18.78% in defense group) of thymus is expressed in a certain degree, the 100-day-old porcine thymus still exists in a developmental stage. Comparative analysis showed that the gene expression pattern of the 100-day-old porcine thymus is similar to that of the human infant thymus.
Animals ; Computational Biology ; Expressed Sequence Tags ; Fetus ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Genetic Variation ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sus scrofa ; genetics ; metabolism ; Thymus Gland ; metabolism

Objective:To systematically evaluate the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in elderly patients with depression.Methods:The randomized controlled trials on the effect of CBT in elderly patients with depression, published until December 15, 2022, were searched in PubMed, CINHAL, Cochrane Library, China Biology Medicine, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data, and VIP. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and used the revised Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized trials (ROB 2.0) to evaluate the quality of the included studies. Statistical analysis was conducted using Stata 16.0, and the quality of evidence was rated using Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (GRADE) predictor software.Results:A total of 11 randomized controlled trials were included, with a total of 833 elderly patients with depression. Randomized effect models were used to analyze outcome indicators such as depression, anxiety, and quality of life by combining effect quantities. Meta-analysis and GRADE evidence quality showed that compared to the control group, medium quality evidence showed that CBT could relieve depression in elderly depression patients with a statistical difference [ SMD=-1.58, 95% CI (-2.16, -0.99), P<0.05]. Low quality evidence suggested that CBT could alleviate anxiety in elderly depression patients also with a statistical difference [ SMD=-2.25, 95% CI (-4.04, -0.47), P<0.05]. Very low quality evidence indicated that CBT did not significantly improve the quality of life in elderly depression patients compared to conventional or pharmacological treatment [ SMD=-0.09, 95% CI (-2.07, 1.88), P>0.05] . Conclusions:Existing evidence suggests that CBT can alleviate depression and anxiety in elderly depression patients, but its improvement in quality of life is not yet significant. Treatment feedback and forms of CBT may become a research focus in recent years on intervention for elderly depression patients.

OBJECTIVETo increase local blood supply of bone graft, a novel posterior lumbar spine fusion method with orthotopic paraspinal muscle-pediculated bone flaps was constructed, and the fusion rate and clinical effect.were observed.

METHODSFrom June 2007 to December 2010, 117 patients of lumbar spinal stenosis or lumbar destabilization treated with the novel posterior lumbar fusion method were studied, 49 males and 68 females, aged from 40 to 77 years, average 61.5 years. Clinical effect was evaluated by JOA and VAS score preoperatively and postoperatively, and the fusion result was evaluated by three-dimensional CT reconstruction postoperatively.

RESULTSSeventeen cases lost of follow up, the rest were followed up from 7 to 38 months, average 19 months. There was significant difference between pre- and postoperative JOA and VAS score (P < 0.01), the preoperative JOA score was 10.3 ± 1.9, and 25.4 ± 4.2 at the latest follow-up, the improvement rate was 81.0% ; the preoperative VAS score was 8.5 ± 0.8, and 2.3 ± 0.4 at the latest follow-up. The three-dimensional CT reconstruction showed that 126 of the 133 segments formed solid fusion in 100 patients who completed the follow-up, the fusion rate was 94.7%.

CONCLUSIONThe novel posterior lumbar fusion method make the bone graft position more precise, stable and increases the fusion rate, which can effectively reduce pseudarthrosis and have a promising clinical effect.

Adult ; Aged ; Bone Transplantation ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Fusion ; methods ; Spinal Stenosis ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

Objective:To investigate the genetic and evolutionary characteristics of hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) genes of influenza B/Victoria (BV) virus in Xi′an city from 2019 to 2023.Methods:Twenty-five BV strains isolated from the Xi′an influenza surveillance network laboratory between 2019 and 2023 were collected. The HA and NA genes were sequenced using MiniSeq high-throughput sequencing platform. An evolutionary tree was constructed using bioinformatics software to analyze homology and mutation sites, and to predict N-glycosylation sites online. The antigenicity of the strains was analyzed through hemagglutination inhibition tests.Results:The BV influenza in Xi′an exhibited a distinct seasonal transmission pattern from 2019 to 2023, with peak prevalence occurring during the winter and spring seasons. The evolutionary analysis of the HA genes shows that the strains from Xi′an in 2019 belong to the V1A.3 branch, and the strains from 2021 to 2023 belong to the V1A.3a.2 branch. Analysis of antigenic sites showed that there were variations in 6 sites of 3 antigenic determinants in the HA proteins of the BV strains from 2021-2022 compared to 2019, and 2 sites of 1 antigenic determinant changed in the HA proteins in 2023 compared to 2021-2022. The evolutionary analysis of the NA genes indicates that the BV strains from Xi′an in 2019 belong to the A. 1.1 branch. By 2021 and 2022, it had evolved into the A. 1.2 clade, and by 2023, it had further evolved into the B clade and its derivatives, with no strains showing mutations associated with resistance to NA inhibitors. Antigenic analysis indicated that the majority of BV strains in Xi′an were similar to the strains included in the vaccine composition. Furthermore, glycosylation analysis showed that the potential N-glycosylation sites in the HA proteins of BV strains from 2021-2023 were reduced by one compared to those from 2019, and only a few strains from 2023 displayed alterations in the potential N-glycosylation sites of the NA proteins.Conclusions:The HA and NA genes of the BV strains from 2019 to 2023 are continuously mutating and evolving into new branches. Since 2021, V1A.3a.2 has become the dominant evolutionary branch of the HA genes, while the evolutionary branches of the NA genes from 2019 to 2023 have been continuously changing.

Healthy lifestyles and good living habits are effective strategies and important approaches to prevent chronic non-communicable diseases. With the development of evidence-based medicine, the evidence translation system has made some achievements in clinical practice. There is, however, no comprehensive, professional and efficient system for translating lifestyle evidence globally. Therefore, the Health Lifestyle Evidence (HLSE) Group of Lanzhou University constructed the HLSE Evidence Translation System (https://hlse.cn/), with the aim of synthesizing, evaluating, translating, and applying lifestyle-related evidence resources. This paper aims to introduce the functional module design of the evidence translation system, the system development process and testing, introduce the interface design and function demonstration, and explain the significance of constructing the HLSE.

Japanese encephalitis is an acute central nervous system infectious disease caused by Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) with brain parenchyma inflammation, characterized by high fever, headache, positive meningeal irritation, impaired consciousness, convulsion, and respiratory failure, with mortality rate as high as 20%-30%, and with neurological sequelae in 30%-50% of survivors. The mechanism of brain damage caused by JEV infection is still unclear, and some studies imply its close relation with immune-inflammatory response. This article reviews the research progress on immune-inflammatory response mechanism of Japanese encephalitis to help to understand its pathogenesis.

Objective:To standardize the management of auditory hallucination symptoms in inpatients with mental illness and develop an expert consensus on the management of auditory hallucinations in hospitalized psychiatric patients.Methods:From March 2023 to July 2023, the Mental Health Committee of the Chinese Nursing Association focused on the key issues in the management of auditory hallucinations symptoms in inpatients with mental illness, based on clinical practice, using literature analysis combined with the work experience of mental health experts, and formed the first draft of the expert consensus on the management of auditory hallucinations in inpatients with mental illness (hereinafter referred to as the consensus). Through 3 rounds of expert consultation and 3 rounds of expert demonstration meeting, the draft was adjusted, revised, and improved.Results:37 experts were included in the Delphi expert consultation, 1 male and 36 females with 39-67(51.48 ± 6.61) years old. The positive coefficients of experts in 3 rounds of Delphi expert consultations were all 100%, and the degrees of expert authority were 0.924, 0.938 and 0.949, respectively. The average importance value of each item was higher than 4.00, the variation coefficient of each item was less than 0.25. The Kendall harmony coefficient of the experts were 0.179, 0.195 and 0.198, respectively (all P<0.05). There were 15, 12, 12 experts in the first, seeond, third rounds of expert demonstration meeting. Finally, a consensus was reached on the recommendation of 4 parts, included auditory hallucination assessment, management format, symptom management implementation, and precautions. Conclusions:The consensus covers all parts of the management of auditory hallucination symptoms in hospitalized patients with mental disorders, which is practical and scientific. It is helpful to guide mental health professionals to standardize the management of auditory hallucination symptoms, improve the quality of nursing and ensure the safety of patients.