BACKGROUND: Many study results proved that electroacupuncture can cause change of endogenous opioid peptide system.OBJECTIVE: To observe the change of blood sugar and blood lipoprotein (a) in rats with diabetes mellitus after electroacupuncture therapy and probe into the effect of opioid peptide system in the treatment for diabetes with electroacupuncture.DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial with experimental animals as the subjects.SETTING: The experiment was conducted in the Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College of Shandong University.MATERIALS: The experiment was completed in the Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College of Shandong University from July 2004 to December 2004. Totally 140 male Wistar rats were involved.METHODS: Ten Wistar rats were collected randomly as the blank control group. The other 130 rats were given 20 g/L streptozotocin 50 mg/kg intraperitoneally and the rats in blank control group were given the same volume of saline intraperitoneally. Three weeks later, the tails were cut off and the blood sugar was measured 2 hours after food intake. The rats with obvious rapid sugar tolerance were given foods with high calories for 28 days as the model rats. There were 64 rats were successful models and they were classified into 3 groups randomly, namely model control group( n = 20), electroacupuncture therapy(n=22) and electroacupuncture with naloxone groups( n = 22) . The blood sugar and blood lipoprotein(a) were detected after treatment for the diabetic rats with streptozotocin.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Blood sugar level and blood lipoprotein(a) of each rat after the final therapy.RESULTS: Totally 74 rats entered the result analysis. Electroacupuncture therapy could reduce the blood sugar and blood lipoprotein(a) of diabetes mellitus rats, while rats with naloxone injection before therapy were insensitive to electroacupuncture. [The blood sugar value were(13.91 ± 3.79),( 10.33 ± 2.36), (12.96 ± 2.23)mmol/L in the model control group, electroacupuncture therapy group, electroacupuncture with naloxone group respectively; while the level of blood lipoprotein(a) were(13.75 ±2.69),( 10.81 ± 2.96), (13.01 ± 3.23)mg/L respectively].CONCLUSION: Electroacupuncture therapy can reduce the level of blood sugar and the risk of atherosclerosis in rats with diabetes mellitus. Although the mechanism can not be explained through the meridian theory, according to the experimental result that blood sugar and blood lipoprotein(a) were no longer intervened by electroacupuncture therapy after injecting naloxone, it is presumed that electroacupuncture therapy can exert its intervention effect on blood sugar and blood lipoprotein(a)through opiate system.

Serbia is a parliamentary republic country in Southeast Europe. It implements a health security system with social insurance as the mainstay and social assistance as a supplement. Ischemic heart disease, stroke and Alzheimer’s disease are the major causes of death, and the mortality rates of cardiomyopathy and chronic kidney disease are increasing. Serbia has relevant legislation on traditional medicine. Acupuncture, as the main form of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), has been introduced to Serbia in an early stage. Acupuncture was recognized as a legal medical method in 2005, and then the corresponding educational institutions of TCM were established soon. However, the limitation of acupuncture treatment application, difficulty in access to Chinese medicine, and undeveloped of TCM education system, all of them restrict the development of TCM in Serbia. It is recommended to improve the development and dissemination of Chinese medicine in Serbia, like to increase the promotion of acupuncture, pay attention to the Chinese medicine for preventive health care, and strengthen TCM education.

Objective:To explore the application effect of LEARNS(L: listen; E: establish; A: adopt; R: reinforce; N: name; S: strengthen) model in health education for patients undergoing coronary computed tomography angiography(CCTA) examination, so as to provide basis for improving image quality and optimizing examination process.Methods:One hundred and sixteen patients who underwent CCTA examination at the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from April to September 2023 were selected as the research subjects by convenience sampling method. A non-concurrent controlled study was conducted, with 58 patients examined from April to June 2023 as the control group to implement conventional health education, and 58 patients examined from July to September 2023 as the observation group to implement LEARNS model health education. The differences in examination knowledge scores, anxiety level, coronary artery image quality, examination duration and health education satisfaction between the two groups were compared.Results:There were 31 males and 27 females in the control group, aged (51.97 ± 9.39) years old. There were 30 males and 28 females in the observation group, aged (53.48 ± 8.95) years old. There was no significant difference in the examination knowledge scores and anxiety level before the intervention between the two groups ( P>0.05). After the intervention, the examination knowledge score of the patients in the observation group was (12.95 ± 1.15) points, which was higher than (9.02 ± 1.55) points in the control group, the difference was statistically significant ( t=-15.53, P<0.05). The acceptance rate of image quality in the observation group was 96.6% (56/58), which was higher than 87.9% (51/58), but the difference was not statistically significant ( χ2=1.93, P>0.05). The proportion of patients with level 1 image quality in the observation group was 81.0%(47/58), which was higher than 55.2%(32/58) in the control group, the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=8.93, P<0.05). The total score of health education satisfaction in the observation group was (39.81 ± 1.81) points, which was higher than (31.19 ± 3.10) points in the control group, the difference was statistically significant ( t=-18.27, P<0.05). The score of anxiety scale and duration of examination in the observation group were (36.81 ± 2.12) points and (6.72 ± 1.02) min respectively, which were significantly lower than (41.12 ± 2.46) points and (9.40 ± 1.49) min in the control group, the differences were statistically significant ( t=10.11, 11.29, both P<0.05). Conclusions:LEARNS model is used for health education of patients undergoing CCTA examination, which helps to improve patients′ knowledge level, health education satisfaction and coronary image quality. It can also alleviate examination anxiety and shorten examination time. It is worthy of promotion.

Objective:To investigate the risk factors of iodinated contrast agent extravasation in tumor patients with intravenous high pressure injection, and to develop a nomogram model of contrast agent extravasation, so as to provide reference for the detection of extravasation risk factors before examination.Methods:A retrospective case-control study was used in this study. Two hundred and two tumor patients with iodinatedcontrast agent extravasation who underwent enhanced CT examination in the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi People′s Hospital and Shanxi tumor Hospital from September 2021 to September 2023 were selected by random sampling method as the case group, and 202 tumor patients without iodinated contrast agent extravasation who underwent enhanced CT examination in the above 3 hospitals during the same period were randomly selected as the control group. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the independent risk factors of iodinated contrast agent extravasation and a nomogram prediction model was established by R4.3.1 statistical software. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve and Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test were used to evaluate the predictive efficiency of the model.Results:A total of 404 tumor patients were included in this study. There were 97 males and 105 females in the case group, aged 30-88 (62.97 ± 0.91) years old; and 123 males and 79 females in the control group, aged 31-85 (61.38 ± 0.73) years old. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age, sex, injection rate, contrast agent concentration, contrast osmotic concentration, long-term chemotherapy and nurses′ working years were independent risk factors for iodinated contrast agent extravasation ( OR values were 0.306-6.365, all P<0.05). The area under the ROC curve predicted by the nomogram model was 0.814 (95% CI 0.714-0.875), the specificity was 78.1%, the sensitivity was 70.2%, the slope of calibration curve was close to 1, and the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test χ2 = 11.47, P>0.05. Conclusions:The nomogram model established in this study can accurately predict the risk of iodinated contrast agent extravasation in tumor patients, and provide a reference for the detection of high-risk factors of extravasation before examination.

Objective To explore the application value of adjusting contrast medium dosage according to total body weight(TBW),lean body weight(LBW)and body surface area(BSA)in coronary computed tomography angiography(CCTA)of overweight patients.Methods A total of 150 patients with body mass index(BMI)≥24 kg/m2 undergoing CCTA examination were prospectively selected and randomly divided into TBW group,LBW group,and BSA group,with 50 patients in each group.All three groups used contrast medium iodixanol(320 mg I/mL)and the fixed injection time was 12 s.The dosage of contrast medium was 0.8 mL/kg(TBW);1.04 mL/kg(LBW)for male and 1.11 mL/kg(LBW)for female;BSA 30 mL/m2.The dosage and flow rate of contrast medium were compared among the three groups,the image quality was evaluated by subjective and objective ways,and the correlation between arterial enhancement and TBW,LBW and BSA were analyzed.Results According to a 5-point scale,the image quality of three groups met the clinical diagnostic requirements(both≥3 points).Compared with TBW group,the dosage of contrast medium in LBW group and BSA group decreased by 13.38％and 10.62％respectively,and the flow rate decreased by 13.41％and 10.61％respectively,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The coronary CT values,signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)and contrast-to-noise ratio(CNR)in LBW and BSA groups were lower than those in TBW group(P＜0.05),and the variation range of CT values in LBW group were the smallest.There were no statistical differences in subjective scores of image quality among the three groups(P＞0.05).The coronary CT values were slightly correlated with TBW(r=0.342,P=0.015),and were not correlated with LBW or BSA(r=-0.207,P=0.150;r=-0.204,P=0.156).Conclusion LBW is the best body index to calculate the dosage of contrast medium for coronary artery enhancement in overweight patients.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD)and risk factors in the adult population of Tianshan district in Urumqi, Xinjiang. Methods A total of 2131 residents from 4 communities in Tianshan district of Urumqi city were randomly selected using a stratified, multistage sampling. All the residents were interviewed and tested for morning spot urine of albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) (abnormal ≥ 30 mg/g), morning spot urine dipstick of hematuria ( abnormal ＞3 red blood cells/HP or greater) and pyuria ( abnormal＞ 5 white blood cells/HP) confirmed by microscopy. Renal function was determined with abbreviated MDRD equation [reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)＜60 ml ·min-1 ·(1.73 m2)-1]. The associations of kidney damage indicators with age, gender, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, income,education, cholesterol, triglyceride and smoking were examined. Results Eligible data of 2131 subjects were collected in the study. After the adjustment of age and gender component, the prevalence of albuminuria was found in 2.63％ (95％CI:1.78％-3.48％) of subjects, hematuria in 7.43％(95％CI:6.11％-8.75％) and reduced renal function in 1.72％(95％CI:1.08％-2.35％).Approximately 9.99％(95％CI:8.47％-11.55％) of subjects had at least one indicator of kidney damage. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that albuminuria, hematuria, age and hyperuricemia were independently associated with reduced renal function. Hematuria and reduced renal function were independently associated with albuminuria. Albuminuria, reduced renal function and female were independently associated with hematuria. Conclusion In urban adult population over 35 years old of Urumqi, a big city in western China, the prevalence of CKD is 9.99％, the recognition is 2.44％ and the risk factors of CKD are similar to those of other domestic big cities and western developed countries.

The induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), derived by ectopic expression of reprogramming factors in somatic cells, can potentially provide unlimited autologous cells for regenerative medicine. In theory, the autologous cells derived from patient iPSCs should be immune tolerant by the host without any immune rejections. However, our recent studies have found that even syngeneic iPSC-derived cells can be immunogenic in syngeneic hosts by using a teratoma transplantation model (Nature 474:212-215, 2011). Recently two research groups differentiated the iPSCs into different germ layers or cells, transplanted those cells to the syngeneic hosts, and evaluated the immunogenicity of those cells. Both of the two studies support our conclusions that some certain but not all tissues derived from iPSCs can be immunogenic, although they claimed either "negligible" or "lack of" immunogenicity in iPSC derivatives (Nature 494:100-104, 2013; Cell Stem Cell 12:407-412, 2013). To test the immunogenicity of clinically valuable cells differentiated from human iPSCs are emergently required for translation of iPSC technology to clinics.
Animals ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; metabolism ; Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Graft Rejection ; immunology ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ; immunology ; transplantation ; Membrane Proteins ; metabolism ; Mice, Knockout ; Teratoma ; immunology ; metabolism

Objective:To construct a bowel preparation nursing guidance based on key point control theory and mind mapping in full abdominal enhanced CT examination to provide a basis for improving the intestinal preparation and image quality of intestinal patients.Methods:This was a randomized controlled trial, 104 patients were selected as the research subjects who underwent full abdominal enhanced CT examination in the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from January to August 2022, and randomly divided into the control group and the intervention group by table of random numbers, 52 cases in each group. The control group was given routine nursing guidance, while the intervention group was given nursing guidance based on key-point control theory and mind mapping. Compare the differences in intestinal cleanliness, intestinal fullness and CT image quality between the two groups.Results:The proportion of patients with good intestinal cleanliness was 65.4% (34/52) in the intervention group, which was higher than 25.0% (13/52) in the control group ( χ2 = 22.32, P<0.01). The proportion of patients in the intervention group with grade I intestinal filling was 71.2% (37/52), which was higher than the 23.1% (12/52) in the control group ( χ2 = 27.76, P<0.01). The proportion of patients in the intervention group with excellent image quality was 80.8% (42/52), higher than 30.8% (16/52) in the control group ( χ2 = 28.56, P<0.01). The score of State Anxiety Inventory score of patients in the intervention group was (41.21 ± 5.08), lower than that of the control group (48.69 ± 6.40) ( t = 6.60, P<0.01). The satisfaction score of patients in the intervention group was 43.50(39.00, 46.00), which was higher than that of the control group 39.00(36.25, 43.00) ( Z = - 3.45, P<0.01). Conclusions:The bowel preparation nursing guidance based on key-point control theory and mind mapping can effectively improve bowel preparation of patients and the image quality of full abdominal enhanced CT examination.

Objective: To explore joint effects between body fat mass and insulin resistance with dyslipidemia in children, in order to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia in children. Methods: Data was derived from the second follow up survey (2021) of the Huantai Childhood Cardiovascular Health Cohort. The complete information of a total of 1 322 children was included in the study. Multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyze the association among fat mass percentage (FMP), fat mass index (FMI), subcutaneous fat mass (SFM) and visceral fat mass (VFM) and dyslipidemia. Restrictive cubic spline model was used to analyze dose response relationship between levels of each of the four body fat mass indicators and dyslipidemia. Multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyze the association of interaction of body fat mass indicators and insulin resistance (IR) with dyslipidemia. Results: Boys had higher VFM and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels, while FMP, FMI, SFM, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were all lower than those of girls ( t/Z =3.22, 2.58, -15.85, -7.35, -6.49, -2.40, -4.05 , -2.40, P <0.05). After adjusting for all covariates, compared with children with normal FMP, those with higher FMP had an increased likelihood of elevated triglyceride levels ( OR =4.26, 95% CI =2.58-7.09) and low HDL-C levels ( OR =4.10, 95% CI =2.51-6.76). FMI, SFM, and VFM observed similar results to FMP ( P <0.05). Additionally, the additive interaction analyses showed that all four indicators of elevated body fat mass interacted with IR, increasing the likelihood of dyslipidemia in children ( P <0.05). There were linear or nonlinear dose response association between each of four body fat mass indicators and dyslipidemia. Conclusions Elevated body fat mass increases the likelihood of dyslipidemia in children, and the likelihood of dyslipidemia further would increase if children have concomitant IR. Therefore, it is necessary to pay more attention to children with elevated body fat mass and IR to prevent the occurrence of dyslipidemia.

Objectives:To investigate the effect of resistance exercise(RE)on the dissolution of catheter-associated thrombus(CRT)and its possible mechanism.Methods:A total of 36 male SD rats were randomly divided into control group,CRT group,CRT+ RE group(n=12 in each group).Rats in the CRT group did not receive any intervention,while rats in the CRT+RE group received RE intervention 10 days after modeling for 28 days.The thrombolysis rate was evaluated by Hematoxylin-Eosin staining.The contents of irisin,interleukin(IL)-6 and IL-10 in serum were detected by ELISA.The relative mRNA expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator α(PGC-1α)and fibronectin type Ⅲ domain-containing 5(FNDC5)in gastrocnemius were detected by real-time quantitative PCR(qPCR).Results:There was no thrombosis in control group.Compared with control group,the contents of irisin and IL-10 in CRT group were significantly decreased,while the content of IL-6 in CRT rats was significantly increased(all P<0.01).Thrombolysis rate was significantly higher,and the mRNA expressions of PGC-1α and FNDC5 in gastrocnemius were significantly upregulated in CRT+RE group than in CRT group(all P<0.01).Serum irisin,IL-10 contents were significantly increased,IL-6 content was significantly lower in CRT+RE group than in CRT group(all P<0.01).Conclusions:Resistance exercise for 28 days could promote the dissolution of CRT,which may be related to the up-regulation of irisin expression and the inhibition of inflammation.