Objective To analyze the data of HIV antibody mass screening in Tianjin from 2005 to 2006 and to evaluate current screening strategy.Methods Confirmation tests were conducted for 601 samples received form HIV screening laboratories in Tianjin in line with the procedures and methods defined by the National Guideline for HIV/AIDS Detection.Results Of the 601 samples,215 were HIV antibody positive(with complete bands);24 samples were positive with special reactive blots,of which 10 cases were followed up with 7 confirmed to be infected with HIV and with 3 confirmed to be excluded;51 samples were uncertain with indeterminate blots,of which 8 cases were followed up and all were proved to be HIV antibody negative.Conclusion Routine HIV screening as part of medical examinations for patients in health care settings or for detained personnel in police and judicial organizations represents an important approach to detect cases of HIV infection,Samples with special reactive blots or indeterminate blots should be handled with caution;they should be followed up and may be tested by other approaches,such as blot test or viral genome detection.

To observe whether there is an interaction between hepatitis virus B (HBV) and tumor suppressor p53, plasmid PCMVp53 was transfected or cotransfected with pCMVHBV a (wild type HBV) or PCMVHBV b (mutation type HBV) into the hepatoma cell line 7721 by phosphate calcium precipitation. Apoptosis cells were labeled by annexin Ⅴ FITC and detected by flow cytometry. Another experiment was performed by cotransfecting the cells with reporter plasmid p21 luc in each group mentioned above, then the luciferase activity was measured. The results showed that the cells transfected by pCMVp53 alone exhibited high luciferase activity and high apoptosis rate. Meanwhile, the luciferase activity and apoptosis rate were further higher in cells cotransfected by pCMVp53 and PCMVHBV a , but remained unchanged in cells cotransfected by PCMVp53 and PCMVHBV b. The results indicated that P53 could induce of 7721 cell apoptosis by activating p21 transcription, and such effect could be enhanced by HBV.

Background and purpose:Increasing thyroid cancer (TC) incidence has caused wide public concern. It is typically interpreted as an increase in the true occurrence of TC but may also relfect changing life style or aging of population or increased diagnostic scrutiny. This study describes the temporal trend for incidence of TC and survival rate of patients by summarizing the 41 years TC incidences and follow-up data in Xuhui District, Shanghai.. Methods:Annual TC incidence data of Xuhui District from 1973 to 2013 were provided by Shanghai Cancer Registry System. The calculation of age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) was based on the population of the year 1973. Temporal trends in TC incidence were analyzed based on the natural spline regression model. Annual percentage change (APC) was estimated by Jointpoint software from US National Cancer Institute, as well as survival rates were estimated using Kaplan-Meier method by Stata software.Results:During the period from 1973 to 2013, papillary cancer was the dominant type with proportion 69.8%. The ASIRs for female TC were 2.51-2.70 times as high as those for male TC. The average age of TC incidence for male was 50.04±14.71 while for female was 48.57±13.65. When aging factors were removed, incidence rate of TC was on the rise since 1981 with the APC of 8.46% (95%CI: 5.9%-11.1%), and on a rapid growth from 2004 to 2013 with the APC of 20.30% (95%CI: 9.8%-31.7%). The study showed that the 5-year TC survival rate was 95.21%, and the 10-year TC survival rate was 89.09%. In addition, survival rate of female was higher than that of male (χ2=15.43,P=0.000 1).Conclusion:The rising trend of TC in Xuhui District is similar to those in Shanghai and some developed countries. Although the mortality rate of TC is low, it has a rapid increase in incidence. Studies on factors associated with TC will help to clarify the epidemiological features about TC and promote more eff-cient prevention and control strategies.

Current therapies of organ failure or a wide range of tissue defect are often not ideal. Transplantation is the only effective way for long time survival. But it is hard to meet huge patients demands because of donor shortage, immune rejection and other problems. Tissue engineering could be a potential option. Choosing a suitable scaffold material is an essential part of it. According to different sources, tissue engineering scaffold materials could be divided into three types which are natural and its modified materials, artificial and composite ones. The purpose of tissue engineering scaffold is to repair the tissues or organs damage, so could reach the ideal recovery in its function and structure aspect. Therefore, tissue engineering scaffold should even be as close as much to the original tissue or organs in function and structure. We call it "organic scaffold" and this strategy might be the drastic perfect substitute for the tissues or organs in concern. Optimized organization with each kind scaffold materials could make up for biomimetic structure and function of the tissue or organs. Scaffold material surface modification, optimized preparation procedure and cytosine sustained-release microsphere addition should be considered together. This strategy is expected to open new perspectives for tissue engineering. Multidisciplinary approach including material science, molecular biology, and engineering might find the most ideal tissue engineering scaffold. Using the strategy of drawing on each other strength and optimized organization with each kind scaffold material to prepare a multifunctional biomimetic tissue engineering scaffold might be a good method for choosing tissue engineering scaffold materials. Our research group had differentiated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into bile canaliculi like cells. We prepared poly(L-lactic acid)/poly(ε-caprolactone) biliary stent. The scaffold's internal played a part in the long-term release of cytokines which mixed with sustained-release nano-microsphere containing growth factors. What's more, the stent internal surface coated with glue/collagen matrix mixing layer containing bFGF and EGF so could supplying the early release of the two cytokines. Finally, combining the poly(L-lactic acid)/poly(ε-caprolactone) biliary stent with the induced cells was the last step for preparing tissue-engineered bile duct. This literature reviewed a variety of the existing tissue engineering scaffold materials and briefly introduced the impact factors on the characteristics of tissue engineering scaffold materials such as preparation procedure, surface modification of scaffold, and so on. We explored the choosing strategy of desired tissue engineering scaffold materials.
Glucosides ; chemistry ; Humans ; Stents ; Tissue Engineering ; Tissue Scaffolds ; chemistry

In recent years,the incidence of iatrogenic bile duct injury has increased.The traditional treatment methods often cause severe complications,such as biliary-enteric anastomosis,which removes the sphincter of Oddi's function.With the development and potential translational use of engineered tissue,surgeons have focused on keeping normal physiological function after operations.In this manuscript,we review the strategy to repair bile duct defects without sacrificing the sphincter of Oddi' s function.This article may be referenced for clinical research.

Objective To compare the efficacy and side effects of intermittent androgen depriva-tion (IAD) versus continuous androgen deprivation (CAD) in prostate cancer. Methods Forty-four patients with prostate cancer were divided into 2 groups. Twenty-one cases (group IAD) received IAD therapy. Of them, TNM staging showed T2 in 7 cases, T3 in 9 cases, T4 in 5 cases. The patients were treated by maximum androgen blockage until the serum PSA decreased to less than 0.2 ng/ml and maintained for 2 months. The treatment was resumed when the serum PSA increased up to 10.0 ng/ml or the symptoms occurred progress. Twenty-three cases (group CAD) underwent CAD therapy. Of them, TNM staging showed T2 in 7 cases,T3 in 12 cases,T4 in 4 cases. The time to prostate cancer progression,quality of life and side effect rate were compared between the 2 groups. Results The median time to disease progression was (36±4) months in group IAD and (30±4) months in group CAD,respectively. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups (P=0.132). The mean cycle length was (15.9±2.3) months, among them time on treatment and time off treatment were(8.8±1.5) months and (7.3±0.8) months, respectively. The symptom scores related to treatment in the treatment period and intermission of IAD group were 55.9±16.8 and 47.9±19.7, respective-ly, there was significant difference between them(P=0.007). But the differences between the treat-ment period and intermission in bone pain,urinary and intestinal symptoms were not significant (P> 0.05). The urinary symptom scores after 5 months of continuing treatment in groug CAD was signifi-cantly higher than the basis reference value which was obtained in the sixth month of initial treatment(P=0. 023), but there was no significant changes in the scores of bone pain, intestinal symptoms and symptoms related to treatment(P>0.05). The incidences of hot flash and gynecomastia were 28.6% (6/21) and 19.0%(4/21) in group IAD, 60.9%(14/23) and 52.2%(12/23) in group CAD, respec-tively. There were significant differences between the 2 groups(P<0.05). Conclusions IAD thera-py can alleviate the side effects of androgen deprivation therapy and improve the life quality. The effica-cy of prolonging the time to androgen independence of IAD therapy is similar to CAD therapy.

Objective To compare the diagnostic value of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) versus intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) for suspected common bile duct stones (CBDS).Methods 324 patients with suspected CBDS who were admitted to the Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery Department of Shaoxing People's Hospital between June 2010 and June 2014 were retrospectively studied.Either EUS or IOC was used and the diagnostic value of these two imaging modalities was compared.Results The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of IOC in diagnosing suspected CBDS were 90.6％, 98.4％, 9.5％ and 97.7％ respectively.Its consistency rate was 96.9％.The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of EUS in diagnosing suspected CBDS were 97.1％, 100％, 100％ and 99.1％ respectively.Its consistency rate was 99.3％.Conclusions In diagnosing suspected CBDS, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of EUS were significantly higher than IOC.When compared with IOC, EUS was more sensitive to detect occult CBDS and avoided unnecessary ERCP or bile duct exploration.Patients with negative EUS were less likely to have retained CBDS.

Objective To develop multimedia network testing system on"three-primary" Training.Methods Java was used to develop the application program,MySQL was used to establish database of test questions.The stable communication protocol(SOAP,Web service,etc.) and link were applied.Results With this system,random test questions and choices are provided;questions are answered by human-computer interaction;answer time is restricted;the paper is automatically scored;database of test questions is managed openly;test paper is automatically set.Conclusion This testing system is highly automatic,secure,impersonal,extensible,stable,open and efficient.

Objective To observe the interventional effect of Qingqihuatan Decoction on airway inflammation and inflammatory reaction of lung tissue in asthmatic mouse.Methods Forty-five BALB/c mice were randomly divided into the normal control group(CON),asthmatic model group(MOD),dexamethasone group(TRE),Qingqihuatan Decoction group(X1) and Qingqihuatan Decoction combined dexamethasone group(X2).The asthmatic mouse model was established by the sensitization and inhalation of OVA and aluminium hydroxide gel.The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was performed the cell counts and eosinophil counts,and the pathological changes of lung tissue were observed.Results Compared with CON group,BALF cell count and eosinophil count in the model group were increased obviously,which in the treatment group were significantly decreased.The effect of the X1 group and X2 group had statistical difference between on 5 d and 15 d.(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01);the treatment groups could reduce the pathogenical infiltration,lung bullae production and airway epithelial thickening of mouse lung tissue,especially the inflammation damage in X2 group was mild.Conclusion Qingqihuatan Decoction can relieve the airway inflammation and improves the lung tissue inflammatory response in model mouse.