The questionnaire shows that the main factor affecting the students' English radio news listening comprehension is the lacking of relevant English news schema.Schema theory can help students to construct and activate their English news schema.

Alcohol is widely abused in contemporary social life, which has become a serious medical and social problem because it hurts human health and endangers public safety. Recent re-search has developed several active substances that can effective-ly improve or treat this syndrome via affecting the mesolimbic do-pamine nervous pathway to dampen rewarding effectiveness in-duced by ethanol. This paper reviews the progress in near-term studies of alcoholism-intervening agents, aiming at providing ref-erences for related mechanism exploration and drug development.

Objective To study the protective effects and mechanisms of adenosine on lung ischemia-reperfusion injury in rabbit. Methods The rabbit ltng model of ischemia-reperfusion was constructed.Thirty Chinese rabbits were random divided into three groups: Group A (no surgery), group B (ischemiareperfusion) and group C (Adenosine + ischemia-reperfusion). The MDA content,SOD content of the plasma, wet-dryrate (W/D) and the pathology of lung tissue and the index of quantitative assessment of histologic lung injury (IQA) were measured after 60 min reperfusion. Results After 60min reperfusion, the value of W/D, MDA and IQA in group B were significantly higher than those in group A (q = 7. 06,13.71,18. 62, P ＜0.01), while the concentration of SOD were lower than those in group A (q = 14. 33, P ＜0.01). In contrast with group B, W/D,MDA and IQA in group C was obviously lower (q =5.23 ,8. 51, 9.99,however, the concentration of SOD were higher than those in group B (q = 7.73, P ＜ 0. 01). In contrast with group A and C ,the expression of CD11b/CD 18 of group B was significantly increased after 60min reperfusion (q =8.59,9.56, P ＜0. 01). Conclusion Adenosine can prevent ischemia-reperfusion injury in rabbit lung in vivo by inhibiting the expression of CD-11b/CD18 on PMNs and dropping oxygen free radicals level.

Objective To discuss the value of video-assisted thoracoscopy plus minithoracotomy (VATM) in the management of thoracic diseases. Methods An 1.5 cm incision was made along the middle axillary line at the 7th costal interspace on the diseased side to introduce the thoracoscope. After the exploration of intrathoracic lesion, another incision 5~8 cm in length close to the lesion was made. The thoracic cavity was opened by way of the costal interspace. Surgical performance of exploration, dissection, hemostasis and suture was performed under thoracoscope and direct vision by using routine surgical instruments and thoracoscopic instruments. A total of 43 cases of VATM were carried out. Results The operation time was 40~150 min (mean, 67 min). The length of incision was 5~8 cm (mean, 6 cm). The chest drainage lasted 2~5 d. No postoperative complications occurred. The postoperative hospital stay was 5~8 d (mean, 6 d). Follow-up found no recurrence for 3~22 months in 18 cases of spontaneous pneumothorax and pleural effusion, and found no recurrence, distant metastasis or incision implantation for 5~20 months in 3 cases of lung cancer receiving either lobectomy or wedge resection. Simple biopsy of tumor was conducted in 6 cases of lung cancer, who obtained chemotherapy or gamma knife radiotherapy postoperatively and survived 5~21 months. Conclusions VATM is practical, minimally invasive and safe. By using routine surgical instruments it has an optimistic outlook.

OBJECTIVE To inspect and analyze the cleaning efficacy on surgical instrument after cleaning cycle and maintenance procedures.METHODS The medical instrument was collected from each department based on the weekly usages.Focus on the timing of the cleaning after use and the efficacy of the cleaning methods.Use naked eyes to inspect the cleanness of the medical instrument after each cleaning cycle.RESULTS The combination of the machine washing and manual washing immediately after the surgical procedures provided better cleaning efficacy.It was more difficult to clean the instrument once the dried bio-burden on it or after soaking in the chlorine disinfectant.CONCLUSIONS The correct cleaning methods and instrument care procedures guarantee the cleaning efficacy,disinfections,and the sterilization for the medical instrument.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of carvedilol on blood pressure in hypertension patients and vascular endothelial function. METHODS: 100 inpatients with primary hypertension were collected from our hospital from Jan. 2008 to Jan. 2010 and randomly divided into treatment group and control group(n=50). Treatment group were given initial oral dose of carvedilol tablets 6.25 mg twice a day for 7～14 days if it was tolerated; the dose of carvedilol tablets increased to 12.5 mg or 25 mg twice a day according to blood pressure at trough concentration if it was necessary. Control group were given carvedilol tablets 6.25 mg twice a day if it was tolerated. After 1 week, control group received double dose of metoprolol with maximum dose of carvedilol of 50 mg. The treatment course was 3 months. The contents of NO and ET in serum of 2 groups were detected. Antihypertensive effect and effects of carvedilol on vascular endothelial dilatation and systolic function were observed and compared between 2 groups. RESULTS: After treatment, the systolic and diastolic blood pressure in both groups were decreased significantly(P

Objective Investigate the changes of adhesion molecule on myocardium in patients during mitral valve replacement(MVR) operation on beating heart. Methods Patients were divided into two groups. There were 16 patients in control group (aorta crossclamped and middle hypothermic) and 14 patients in experimental group (aorta unclamped and moderate hypothermic). Samples of right atrial were obtained before CPB, 30 min after CPB. Immunohistochemistry were employed to dectect the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 on cardiac myocytes. Results Comparing with those before CPB, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 on cardiac myocytes and myocardial vascular endothelial cells increase significantly in both groups(P

BACKGROUND: Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) is possibly related to regulation of various cell signals that are derived from aqueous uveoscleral outflow pathway.OBJECTIVE: To explore effect of travoprost on the expression of NF-κB and inhibitor-κB (I-κB) in human ciliary muscle cells cultured in vitro. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A contrast study, which was performed in the Laboratory of Zhongshan Ophthalmology Center from March 2005 to November 2006.MATERIALS: Eyeballs were obtained from the youth who died due to other diseases except eye disease no more than one hour. The relatives voluntarily provided the informed consent.METHODS: Travoprost (1 μmol/L) was added in human ciliary muscle cell culture medium, and then the samples were divided into four groups according to culture time, including 0-hour (control group), 6-hour, 12-hour, and 24-hour experimental groups. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Expression of mRNA and protein of NF-κB p65 and I-κBα in the four groups by using real-time RT-PCR, immunofluorescence relative quantitative analysis and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) techniques. RESULTS: As compared to control group, mRNA expression of NF-κB p65 in the 6-hour, 12-hour, and 24-hour experimental groups was decreased (F=17.068, P=0.001); while mRNA expression of I-κBα was not changed remarkably in the 6-hour and 12-hour experimental groups (P > 0.05), but the expression was significantly higher than that in the 24-hour experimental group (F=32.742, P=0.000). Immunofluorescence relative quantitative analysis showed that the fluorescence intensity of NF-κB p65 in the 6-hour, 12-hour, and 24-hour experimental groups were weaker than that in the 0-hour control group (F=17.216, P=0.000); additionally, as compared to 0-hour control group, fluorescence intensity of I-κBα in the 6-hour experimental group was not changed remarkably (P=0.134), that in the 12-hour experimental group was weakened (P=0.032), and that in the 24-hour experimental group was strengthened (F=17.346, P=0.001). ELISA revealed that expression of phosphorylated NF-κB p65 was decreased gradually by the time of being induced by travoprost (F=15.4, P=0.001). CONCLUSION: Travoprost can down-regulate mRNA expression of NF-κB p65, inhibit nuclear translocation, and up-regulate mRNA expression of I-κBα in human ciliary muscle cells.

A novel 2-( 2’-hydroxy-5’-chlorophenyl )-6-chloro-4 ( 3 H )-quinazolinone ( ELF-97 )-based fluorescent probe (P1) for hydrogen peroxide was prepared from 5-chlorosalicylaldehyde, 4-(bromomethyl) phenylboronic acid and 2-amino-5-chlorobenzamide, and its structure was characterized by 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR and HRMS. Weak fluorescence intensity was observed at 425nm when the solution of probe P1 was excited by 360 nm UV light. After addition of H2 O2 , however, emission peak at 425 nm disappeared while strong peak emission at 515 nm appeared with the same excitation wavelength ( 360 nm ) . The fluorescence intensity at 515 nm was dependent on the concentration of H2 O2 in the linear response range of 5-45 μmol/L. The detection limit of H2O2 was 0. 1 μmol/L (S/N=3) and the recovery rates of added H2O2 in milk were in the range of 94 . 0%-106 . 0%. Probe P1 was potential to become a useful tool for rapid detection of hydrogen peroxide.

0.05).Conclusion Multi-disciplinary techniques combined with 125Ⅰ seeds implantation is effective in the management of the malignant obstructive jaundice.No significant difference for relief and liver function were found between CT-guided and during operation interstitial 125Ⅰ seeds implantations,but it seems more quickly relief or recovery was achieved in the latter.