It was argued whether bisphenol A(BPA) can induce reproductive toxicity to male,so in the present paper the recently published articles on the reproductive toxicity induced by BPA to male were reviewed.It was indicated that BPA has no obvious embryotoxicity,but BPA can directly induce the reproductive toxicity to male reproductive system,and the testis and prostate were the main target organs of BPA.Even low level BPA exposure could produce toxic effects.

This paper introduces the shining medical ethics of modern medical specialists who commit themselves on medical career with no fear of squalidity,contamination,and with no complaining with vivid examples,providing concrete role models for medical staff.

This article presents a series of well-known therapists in the Qing Dynasty's of their medical ethics.They are the great examples to study and emulate for future generations.

This article presents a series of well-known therapists in the Qing Dynasty's of their medical ethics.They are the great examples to study and emulate for future generations.

This paper introduces the medical ethics of meticulosity of modern medical masters with a series of vivid real examples and cases,in order to provide medical staff with role models for learning and improving.

Objective To study the possible molecular mechanism of the damage of HepG2 cell line induced by low concentration of ethanol and ultraviolet irradiation. Methods Hepatoma cell line (HepG2) was exposed to low concentration of ethanol and ultraviolet irradiation, then the changes in cell cycle, the expression of p53 and p21, the correlation between expression of p53 and p21 and cell cycle were analyzed. Results The expression of p53 and p21 was greatly increased, and the cell cycle was found to be blocked at G_0-G_1/G_2-M after ultraviolet irradiation. The cell cycle block of G_2-M and the increased expression of p21 were observed when exposed to low concentration of ethanol, while the expression of p53 showed no significant changes. Cell apoptosis was increased when the cells were exposed to the both injury factors. Conclusion Low concentration of ethanol and ultraviolet irradiation can affect cell cycle and the process of cell apoptosis through activation of different molecular mechanism.

Objective To investigate the effects of Yanshu injection for the chemotherapy, toxicity- reducing and immunization in mice implanted tumor. Methods Bulid up the mice models with S180 solid tumor transfered by ascites tumor, and observe the effect on tumor weight, blood WBC and bone marrow nucleated cells when combined use Yanshu injection and cyclophospamide (Cy). Determine OD value of plague forming cell by spectrophotometry, measure T-lymphocyte transformation by 3H-TDR incorporation, and survey natural killer cell (NKC) activity by colorimetric method, all these can help to study the role of Yanshu injection on the immune effect in the mice models. Results Yanshu injection can strengthen antitumor activity of Cy, antagonize the inhibition of Cy to WBC and bone marrow nucleated cell, improve OD value of plague forming cell, promote T-lymphocyte transformation, also can enhance NKC activity and killing rate. Conclusion Yanshu injection can increase the chemotherapeutic effects, reduce toxin, and enhance immune function of mice implanted tumor.

Elements, including experimental personnel, facili-ties, equipment, apparatus, technology and skills, are essential to carrying out pre-clinical reproductive toxicity research. As to a study , authenticity , normativity , scientificity and innovativeness guarantee the success. These four elements are independent of each other,but mutually supported. Authenticity and scientificity are the footstone and soul, respectively, for drug non-clinical re-productive toxicity research. Normativity guarantees authenticity and scientificity, and innovativeness relies on authenticity. Nor-mativity and scientificity ensure the reliability and dynamics of experimental results which perhaps is an effective way accessing innovation.

AIM To investigate the effects of trifluoperazine on naloxone precipitated withdrawal symptoms in morphine dependent rats and mice, and its pharmacological mechanisms. METHODS\ Naloxone precipitated tests in morphine dependent rats and mice were used. RESULTS\ Trifluoperazine(2～20 mg?kg -1 ) dose dependently inhibited naloxone precipitated withdrawal jumping, wet dog shakes, paw tremor and weight loss in morphine dependent mice. With ip trifluoperazine (5～20 mg?kg -1 ), most of positive withdrawal symptoms, including jumping, wet dog shakes, defeacation, weight loss, teeth chattering, salivation, diarrhea, ptosis and irritating, induced by naloxone in morphine dependent rats were significantly reduced. Apomorphine (2～8 mg?kg -1 ), a mixed DA 1/DA 2 receptor agonist, did not affect inhibition of trifluoperazine on naloxone precipitated withdrawal symptoms in morphine dependent mice. However, nifedipine(5～20 mg?kg -1 ), a L type voltage sensitive calcium channel blocker, enhanced a pharmacological action of trifluoperazine against naloxone precipitated symptoms in morphine dependent mice. CONCLUSION\ Trifluoperazine attenuates naloxone precipitated withdrawal symptoms in morphine dependent rats and mice by inhibiting the activity of post receptor calmodulin, but it does not antagonizes DA 2 receptor, in central nervous system.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sorafenib in combination with interferon-alpha(IFN-α)as the first-line treatment in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma.Methods Since Dec 2007 to Jun 2008,137 legal patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC)were enrolled in the trail from 22 hospitals in China.All the patients continuously received the treatment of sorafenib plus IFN-α untill disease progressed or patients were unable to tolerate.The primary end points were objective response,disease control rate and adverse effects rate.Results This interim analysis was based on the data collected from the study initiation date to 2009/3/20.The overall response rate(ORR),including complete response (CR) and partial response(PR),was 32.8%(45/137).The median follow-up time was 11.9 months,only 25 patients progressed at the cut off time.The most common adverse events were hand-foot skin reaction(48.2%),alopecia(23.4%),rash (20.4%),diarrhea(19.7 0A),fever(16.8%),lassitude(10.2%),etc.The incidence of 3 or 4 grade hand-foot skin reaction was 8.8%.Conclusions Sorafenib in combination with IFN-α as the firstline treatment in patient with advanced RCC could be effective and safe.