Objective To discuss the clinical effect of surgical treatment for hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage(HICH),and investigate the relative factors of improving the curative effect and prognosis.Methods Eighgty cases of hypertensive intracranial hemorrhage were retrospectively analyzed for finding the relationship among the surgical opportunity and post-surgical rehabilitation.Results There was significant difference between preoperation and posto peration in GCS scores(F=78.16、20.23,P＜0.01).The cases were followed up for 3 months and therapeutic effect was satisfying.Conclusion Early operation and decrease of intracerebral pressure was the key factor in the operation.The operation and timely recovering treatment are important for the living quality later.Based on the patients'condition,different surgical timing should be Chosen.

Objective:To evaluate construct validity of China residents health literacy questionnaire and explore the application of confirmative factor analysis(CFA)in health literacy measurements.Methods:CFA was performed on dimension of basic healthy skills in the questionnaire.Latent variable scores and comprehensive score based on factor variance weight were calculated.Comparison among the latent variable scores,comprehensive scores and proportion of knowing was conducted via GLM or Logistic model.Results:Two factors named general capacity and emergency capacity were well fitted(?2=12.12,P=0.356,IFI=0.998,TLI=0.996,RMSEA=0.007).According to comprehensive score the sample qualification rate of basic health literacy was 38.5%(785/2 040),much similar to 38.2%(780/2 040)which is calculated by original item scores.Latent variable score or comprehensive score has more statistical power than that of proportion of knowing in multivariate analysis.Conclusion:CFA is a useful tool and valuable for applying in the field of health literacy measurement and analysis.

Objective To observe the recombinant human acidic fibroblast growth factor (rh-aFGF) treatment of open fractures of the tibia and fibula efficacy and safety.Methods Seventy-two cases of open fractures of tibia and fibula patients were selected,all patients were given the C-arm X-ray machine to guide needle,debridement,the entire complex fractures,external fixa tion device postoperative were given anti-infection treatment.Treatment group were given rh-aFGF 1-5 soluble solvent cleaning wounds and skin grafts,suture given daily dressing (3-4 spray/cm2,6-8 times/d).The control group was not given medication,continuous treatment after 7-14 d assess wound healing,wound complications and infection.Results Treated the wounds healing time,healing time,the incidence of delayed fracture healing,skin graft survival area,walking function recovery time,edema score,pain score,the incidence of severe infection and late healing in treatment group were significantly better than those in control group:(27.2 ± 13.1) d vs.(34.7 ± 12.3) d,(55.4 ± 17.4) d vs.(62.2 ± 18.7) d,(99.2 ± 1.2) ％ vs.(92.6 ± 3.6) ％,(2.2 ± 0.4) scores vs.(3.8 ± 0.4) scores,(2.1 ± 0.4) vs.(3.7 ± 0.2) socres,5.6％ (2/36) vs.30.6％ (11/36),2.8％ (1/36) vs.19.4％ (7/36),there were statistical differences (P ＜ 0.05).rh-aFGF treatment of major adverse reactions were mild itching.Conclusion The recombinant human acidic fibroblast growth factor can accelerate wound healing and reduce post-operative complications,reducing infection.

Objective:To investigate the effects of Metarhiziun taii polysaccharide on the immunity activity of the diabetic mellitus model mouse.Methods:To build stables type Ⅰ diabetic model mouse by intraperitoneal injecting small dose streptozotocin ( STZ) continuously.Then observeing weight changes,detecting empty stomach serum glucose,immune organ index( include spleen and thymus),peritoneal macrophage phagocyte ability,spleen lymphocyte multiplication and immunoglobulin IgG′s and complement C3,C4 content in blood serum of the diabetic rats.Results:The weight of model mouse had been improved by Metarhiziun taii polysaccharide, serum glucose had been improved degrade of the ability of model mouse.T,B lymphocyte proliferation had been increased obviously by middle and high dose polysaccharid,spleen index,IgG′s and C3,C4 content in blood serum of the diabetic rats could be improved by high dose distinctively.Thymus index and the capacity of peritoneal macrophage phagocyte would enhanced by middle and high dose polysaccharide inject.Conclusion:The immune function and serum glucose of typeⅠdiabetic mode rats could be improved by intra-gastriced Metarhiziun taii polysaccharide.

Objective To study the serum level of resistin and IL‐6 in the sepsis‐induced acute lung injury (ALI) in rats and to probe the relation of IL‐6 and resistin to ALI and its possible mechanism .Methods The forty‐five Wistar rats were randomly as‐signed to three groups ,a control group ,a sham group and a model group .ALI was induced by intravenous injective of LPS (10 mg/kg) and those animals were killed after 6 hours ,12 hours ,24 hours .The lung wet/dry weight ratio ,serum IL‐6 was detected by chemiluminescence and resistin levels were detected by ELISA .Results Compared with the control group and the sham group ,the lung wet/dry weight ratio ,lung pathologic tissue score ,the serum level of resistin and IL‐6 were increased(P<0 .05) .Positive cor‐relation was observed between resistin and IL‐6 in different time .Conclusion Resistin possibly participate the process of sepsis in‐duces ALI .

Objective To set up and verify a new scoring system of clock drawing test(CDT).Methods CDT and other neuropsychological tests were applied to 180 normal individuals.170 subjects with mild cognitive impairment(MCI),and 31 patients with mild Alzheimer's disease(AD).The first step of the 30-score system of CDT was to anchor the 4 points of"12-3-6-9".totaling a score of 4 which was the "30-score system A(Anchoring)part";and the other 13 items reflecting the drawing results and totaling a score of 26 made up the so called"30-score system C(Clockfaee)part".the two together had a total score of 30.Thirty-eight subjects underwent Xe-enhanced computed tomography(Xe-CT)scanning for quantitively measuring regional cerebral blood flow(rCBF)of 26 regions of brain.Results Correlations coefficients of the scores of 14 items with the total score in 30-score system of CDT were in the range of 0.48to 0.71(P＜0.01).30-score system C part was closely correlated with indicators of visuospatial and executive function,while 30-score system A part with memory indicators.The sensitivity and specificity of the 30-score system A part score≤2 for detecting MCl were 70.6%and 73.9%.respectively.The sensitivity the specificity of 30-score system C part score≤17 for mild AD were 75.3%and 75.9%.respectively.In the regression equation of 30-score system A and C part.the combined independent variables were the CBF of left frontal cortex and right white matter,respectively.Conclusion The 30-score system A and C part have difierent meanings:30-score system C part could be used to identify AD while 30-score system A part is helpful for identiring MCI.

Objective To explore the diagnostic accuracy of urine liquid-based cytology(LBC)for diagnosis of urothelial carcinoma(UC).Methods A total of 603 cases in our department from January 2005 to July 2007 were subject to urine liquid-based cytology test(LBC)and followed by histological examination.Using the histological appearance as the gold standard,the accuracy of LBC test was evaluated.Results A total of 436 cases with histological diagnoses were selected.There were 274 cases of UC and 61 cases of other malignant tumors of urinary system.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of urine LBC test for malignant tumors were 61.5%,86.5% and 67.1%,respectively.The positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 94.1% and 39.2%,respectively.The sensitivity of urine LBC test for UC and non-urothelial malignant tumors were 68.6% and 29.5%,respectively.The sensitivity for UC Was significantly higher than that for non-urothelial malignant tumors.The diagnostic sensitivity of urine LBC test for UC G1,G1-2;G2,G2-3 and G3 was 53.3%,74.5% and 90.6%,respectively.The diagnostic sensitivity of urine LBC was increased with the increacment of histological grade of UC.Conclusions The sensitivity of urine LBC test for high grade UC is high and has a good clinical value.However,for the diagnosis of low grade UC,the sensitivity of LBC test is low and adjuvant test is needed to improve it.

Objective To explore the application of CT value in calculating the proton incident energy in proton treatment planning system. Methods Bethe-Block formula and the formula for calculating the proton range were analyzed to study the correlation of the range of proton beam ( 70-250 MeV ) between a variety of radiation equivalent material and water. Procedure of Monte Carlo SRIM2008 was used to verify the possibility of a constant proportional coefficient of range ( Ci ). The proportional coefficient ( Ci ) of range in radiation-equivalent material and the CT value were fitted by using Origin 8.0 software to study the functional relation of CT value and Ci. The actual range of proton was equivalent to a range of water and incident proton energy could be calculated. Results There was a constant range of Ci of proton beam (70-250 MeV) between a variety of radiation equivalent material and water. There was a functional relation between CT value and Ci ( r = 0.999). The actual range of proton in radiation equivalent material can be equivalent to a range of the water. Conclusions CT values and a range of proportional coefficient ( Ci ),and the actual required range of the tumor could be used to accurately calculate the water equivalent range,and the incident proton energy to the position of Bragg peak. A new exploration for using CT technology in proton treatment planning system could be obtained.

As an important immune organ,spleen also plays a crucial role in stabilizing hematologic system.Previous reports support that splenectomy must be performed after the ligation of spleen vessels.At recent time,with the deep knowledge of the anatomy and function of spleen,the surgeons have tried to preserve this organ after the ligation of the vessels.From March 2012 to April 2016,five patients in our hospital have undergone the distal pancreatectomy with spleen preservation after the ligation of splenic vessels,and all the patients' outcomes were satisfactory in the follow-up.This essay aims to discuss the safety and feasibility of preserving spleen after the ligation of the vessels by reporting our own experience and reviewing related literatures on this topic.

Diffusion MRI (dMRI) is an important imaging modality that is used extensively to diagnose and monitor diseases. dMRI measures random motion of water molecules and helps elucidate microstructural properties of tissues. Optimal diffusion encoding paradigms have been developed to reduce acquisition time, minimize artifacts, and acquire high fidelity data needed for advanced modeling of tissue properties. To further probe microstructural properties, joint diffusion-relaxometry and diffusion weighted MR fingerprinting have garnered interest. A thorough knowledge of different diffusion encoding methods is essential to accurately encode diffusion in MR experiments. Here, we review fundamental physics of diffusion encoding methods, their associated challenges, and how to address them. Advanced diffusion acquisition methods are also discussed.