Objective To investigate the effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields(PEMF)on the bone mineral density(BMD)and serum level of transforming growth factor-beta 1(TGF-?1)in the disuse osteoporosis(DOP)rats.Methods Eighty 4-month-old female SD rats were randomly divided into 4 matched groups according to their weight:control group(INT group),DOP group,calcitonin group(CT group)and PEMF group.Rats in INT group were raised with the average amount of food consumed by the DOP rats.Right hindlimbs of rats in DOP,CT and PEMF groups were immobilized by tibia-tail fixation to establish DOP model as Zarzhevsky described.Rats in CT group were injected with calcitonin(2 IU/kg,i.p,once a day),and rats in group PEMF were irradiated with PEMF(8 Gs,15 Hz,a pulse time of 8 ms)immediately after operation.The rats(5 animals per time of each group)were killed at 1,2,4 and 8 weeks after operation and their right hindlimbs were resected.The BMD and serum TGF-?1 concentration were measured with a dual energy X-ray bone densitometer and ELISA respectively.Results Significant difference was observed in the femur proximal BMD between rats with right hindlimb immobilization(DOP group)and INT group 2 weeks later(P

Objective:To uncover the molecules and signal transduction underlying apoptosis in lymphocytes in old rats.Methods:The rats were grouped into three of old rats control,young rats control,EF-treated group,and studied the gene expression in genome-wide scale with genechip.Results:Compared to young rats control,pro-apoptotic genes were up-regulated and anti-apoptotic genes were down-regulated in old rats.And pro-proliferation genes were down-regulated,the anti-proliferation genes were regulated reversely.Furthermore,a number of genes involved in signal transduction in immune activation and immune response showed lower expression level.But in EF-treated group,pro-apoptotic genes such as Caspase1、Caspase2、Caspase3、Caspase6、CalpainⅡ、Cathepsin S、Dnase ?、PKCdelta,and anti-proliferation genes including Rb were predominantly down-regulated.Anti-apoptotic genes such as Cathepsin B、Mtal、NF-kappa B、Notch,and pro-proliferation genes including c-Fos、c-Myc、c-Jun、PCNA、A-raf;CyclinG-associated kinase were regulated reversely.Especially many genes mediating apoptosis signal including CD2、CD3、CD5、TCR、IL-2、IL-2R(CD25)、CD28、CTLA4 were up-regulated.Conclusion:By a novel mean including up-regulation of anti-apoptotic and down-regulation of pro-apoptotic gene expression,up-regulation of pro-proliration and down-regulation of anti-proliferation gene expression,the normal lymphocyte function in old rats was reconstructed.Additionally EF can coordinate TCR/CD3、CD28、CTLA4、TGF?、IL-2R-mediated signal to reach its anti-apoptotic effects on lyphocytes in old rats. [

AIM: To investigate relevant factors of stem cell transplantation for treating diabetic foot. METHODS: Disposal, outcome, adjuvant method and safety during stem cell transplantation for treatment of diabetic foot were analyzed. RESULTS: ①After autologous stem cells were depurated at a low temperature for 24-48 hours, number of malignant stem cells decreased. Compared to simple stem cell transplantation, tissue regeneration and neovascularization increased after adding fibrin base during transplantation. ②Ankle-brachial index and transcutaneous oxygen pressure were obviously elevated, rest pain and intermittent lameness were improved, new collateral circulation appeared, and arterial blood flow increased in patients undergoing bone marrow stem cell transplantation in the treatment of ischemic disease of lower extremity. ③Chinese medicine for supplement- ing qi and activating blood circulation for stem cell transplantation fully played regulatory effects of biological responses. Adjuvant methods such as ultrasound ablation in combination of stem cell transplantation could significantly increase lower collateral circula- tion of broken popliteal artery. ④No significant adverse reaction or severe outcome was detected in autologous stem cell transplan- tation in a short term. CONCLUSION: ①Autologous stem cells after purified by low temperature can effectively purify malignant stem cells in bone marrow stem cell transplantation. Transplanted outcome can be elevated by adding fibrin. ②Adjuvant methods can enhance outcome of stem cell transplantation. ③Stem cell transplantation for treating diabetic foot has obtained satisfactory outcomes, but some problems still exist.

Ligustri Lucidi Fructus and its active constituents,ursolic acid and salidroside,have insulin-like effect to produce positive action on skeletal muscle:,It can improve the utilization of carbohydrate and lipid in muscle,increase synthesis of muscular glycogen and protein,muscular weigh,size of fast-and slow-muscle fibers,and accelerate transformation fast-muscle fiber toward slow-muscle fiber.Ursolic acid stimulates muscle satellite cells proliferation,myogenic differentiation of myoblasts,enhances neomyogenesis in skeletal muscle,and promotes skeletal muscle rejuvenation.In addition,Ligustri Lucidi Fructus and its active constituents down-regulating repression of atrogin-1 and muscle ring-finger protein-1 (MuRF-1),and anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation,it may protect and treat for muscle atrophy and fatigue-induced muscle injury.

Objective To investigate the changes of plasma cytokines and myocardial enzymes in different doses of fentanyl in patients undergoing valve replacement under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and evaluate its anti-inflammatory and myocardial protective effects.Methods Thirty ASAⅡ-Ⅲ patients undergoing elective valve replacement under CPB were studied. We excluded patients having infection, abnormal immunological function of receiving steroid or immune- modulatory drugs. The patients were premedicated with intramuscular phenobarbital 0.1 g and scopolamine 0.3 mg. Anesthesia was induced with midazolam modulate 0.1 mg ?kg-1 , fentanyl 10 ?g?kg-1 and vecuronium 0.1 mg?kg-1 and maintained with continuous infusion of fentanyl and intermittent i.v. boluses of midazolam and vecuronium. The total dose of fentanyl amounted to 30, 60 and 100 ?g?kg-1 (group 1, 2 and 3, n = 10) and was infused before CPB was started. MAP, CVP, HR, ECG, SpO2, PETCO2 and naso-pharyngeal and rectal temperature were continuously monitored during operation. Blood samples were taken before anesthesia (T1 ,baseline) , before CPB (T2 ) , 30 min and 2 h after release of aortic cross-clamping (T3 , T4 ) and 24 h after operation (T5 ) for determination of plasma levels of TNF-?, IL-6, IL-10 and creatine kinase (CK) and CK-MB activity.Results The three groups were comparable with respect to age, body weight, aortic cross-clamping time, CPB time and duration of operation. The plasma levels of TNF-?, IL-6, IL-10, CK and CK-MB activities were significantly increased after CPB compared to baseline (T1) (P

The aim of this study was to investigate if there are abnormal fibroblasts derived from the skin surrounding keloids in order to have a better understanding for keloid progression. All the samples were used for cell culture. Flow cytometry was used to compare the apoptotic rate of fibroblasts derived from keloid and its surrounding skin, when it was cultured in serum-deprived medium for 24 hours or was induced by Fas antibody. After cultured in serum-deprived medium for 24 hours, the apoptotic rate of fibroblasts derived from the surrounding skin of keloid increased to an amount between that of normal skin and keloids. The apoptotic rate of normal skin fibroblasts increased more than that of keloids. Moreover, when induced by Fas antibody, the apoptotic rate of fibroblasts derived from the surrounding skin increased not so high as that of normal skin(P0. 05). Therefore, at least there are some fibroblasts in the surrounding skin of keloids, in which apoptosis can not be induced as in normal skin.

Objective To study the interactive effects of fluorine,calcium and iodine on thyroid SOD,CAT and MDA of rats.Methods Based on 2?2?2 factorial design,80 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 8 groups and diet with different ingredients: ① moderate concentrations of fluorine(F),calcium(Ca) and iodine(I)(NF,NCa,NI);② moderate concentrations of F,I and high concentration of Ca(NF,NI,HCa);③ moderate concentrations of Ca and I and high concentration of F(NCa,NI,HF);④ moderate concentration of I and high concentrations of F and Ca(NI,HF,HCa);⑤ moderate concentrations of F and Ca and low concentration of I(NF,NCa,LI);⑥ moderate concentration of F,high concentration of Ca and low concentration of I(NF,HCa,LI);⑦ moderate concentration of Ca,high concentration of F and low concentration of I(NCa,HF,LI);and ⑧ high concentrations of F and Ca and low concentration of I(HF,HCa,LI).The moderate concentration of F was 90?g/d,and the high concentration of F was 30 times that of moderate concentration.The moderate concentration of Ca was 13mg/d,the high concentration of Ca was 20 times that of moderate concentration.The moderate concentration of I was 3.5?g/d,i.e.15 times that of low concentration.After six months,the activities of SOD and CAT,and the content of MDA in the thyroid were determined by xanthine oxidase method,visible spectrophotometry and colorimetry.Results According to the results of factorial ANOVA,the significant interaction of F with I on SOD was found(F=3.97,P=0.05).The activity of SOD in ⑤ group was significantly higher than that in ① group(t=2.36,P=0.03).The activity of SOD in ⑥ group was higher than that in ② group(t=-3.04,P=0.01).The activity of SOD in ⑧ group was lower than that in ⑦ group(t=2.36,P=0.03).The activity of SOD in ④ group was higher than that in ② group(t=-2.91,P=0.01).A significant interaction of fluorine,calcium with iodine to CAT was found(P

Objective To identify the core interventions preliminarily performed by pediatric nurses for hospitalized children. Methods Based on Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC), the data of survey related to the factors of representation and frequency derived from the definition of Core Nursing Interventions were collected from 59 pediatric senior nurses above the 3rd clinical ladder, working in one of Shanghai university affiliated and tertiary children hospitals. The data was analyzed by L type of Metric Diagram. The intervention with product of two factors above 12 was selected as the core intervention. Results A total of 109 interventions were selected as core interventions on pediatric nursing from 497 interventions of NIC. The top 3 domains in quantity of interventions were physiological complex domain (36 items), physiological basic domain (26 items) and health system domain (19 items). The domain with the highest score (16.79 ± 3.42) was safety domain, followed by physiological complex domain (16.19 ± 2.98), while domain with the lowest score (13.62±2.05) was family domain. Conclusions The initial and systematic pediatric nursing core interventions were identified based on NIC and definition of core intervention. Part of core interventions reflects the characteristics of pediatric nursing practice, but more is requested to reflect the pediatric-specific care related to family-center and age-appropriated concepts. Some of inefficient interventions remind nursing administers further reflect thinking, especially on human resource management.

Objective To investigate the regrlative role of the cervical sympathetic ganglia on the cochlear blood flow and auditory function in guinea pig.Methods The horseradish peroxidase(HRP) was given to spiral modiolar artery locally for retrograde tracing in guinea pig. Immunohistochemical double-labeled technique was used in this study. The cochlear blood flow and auditory brainstem response(ABR) was measured a week after anilateral superior cervical sympathectony. The animal model of superior cervical sympathectomy following noise exposure in guinea pigs was estableshed to observe the auditory threshold shift.Results Retrogradely labeled neurons with HRP were found in the ipsilateral superior cervical ganglion(SCG). Most of HRP-labeled neurons in SCG were tyrosion hydroxylase(TH) positive. The blood flow of the capillaries of the stria vascularis on the experimental side a week ago were more aplenty than that of the opposite side, but the ABR threshold did not changed before and after ablation of the superior cervical ganglion.A protective role against noise injury was observed after surgical ablation of superior cervical ganglion.Conclusion The superior cervical sympathectomy can influence the cochlear blood flow and auditory function in guinea pig.

Objective To evaluate the uncertainty of determination of copper in water by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) according to Evaluation and Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement.Methods Precision of the instrument,uncertainty of the certified values of standard reference materials used in the measurement and uncertainty arising from the preparation of various chemical solutions involved in the measurements were considered as the main sources of the combined uncertainty.Components of uncertainty and the combined uncertainty were deduced and calculated.We can obtain the evaluation of uncertainty of copper in water by FAAS.Results The concentration of copper in water was 0.55 mg/L calculated according to mathematical model established in the present study,combined standard uncertainty was 0.011 mg/L,expanded uncertainty was 0.02 mg/L,and the expression of the uncertainty was (0.55?0.02)mg/L.Conclusion This method can be used for evaluation of uncertainty of determination of copper in water by FAAS.