Objective:To explore the values of electroencephalogram (EEG) combined with glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the early diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of viral encephalitis (VE).Methods:A total of 63 patients with VE admitted to the Hangzhou Seventh People′s Hospital from January 2016 to December 2019 were selected as the observation group. In addition, 80 healthy people suspected of central nervous system disease in the same period were selected as the control group. The data of gender, age, body mass and body mass index (BMI) were recorded, the Niolet V32 digital EEG instrument of American Nigolli Company was used for EEG inspection, and the level of serum GFAP was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The general data, abnormal EEG results and the level of serum GFAP of the control group and the observation group were compared. The diagnostic values of EEG and its combination with serum GFAP in VE were analyzed by four grid table; and the diagnostic value of serum GFAP for VE was evaluated by drawing receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results:There was no significant difference in sex, age, body mass and BMI between the two groups ( P>0.05). The results of EEG diagnosis for VE showed that 11 of 63 cases were missed and 10 of 80 cases in the control group were misdiagnosed, and the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of EEG diagnosis for VE were 82.54%, 87.50% and 85.31%, respectively. Compared with that of the control group, the level of serum GFAP of the observation group was higher: (460.19 ± 126.53) ng/L vs. (217.36 ± 53.17) ng/L, t =15.525, P<0.05. ROC curve showed that area under curve (AUC) of serum GFAP for VE diagnosis was 0.907 and cutoff value was 238.37 ng/L. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of EEG combined with serum GFAP in diagnosing VE were 93.65%, 83.75% and 88.11%, respectively, and the sensitivity and accuracy of EEG combined with serum GFAP were higher than those of EEG and GFAP alone. The results of 12-month follow-up showed that 20 of 63 VE patients had sequel (poor prognosis group), 43 patients had good prognosis (good prognosis group), and the incidence of adverse prognosis was 31.75%(20/63). There were significant differences in EEG and GFAP between the good prognosis group and poor prognosis group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The sensitivity and accuracy of EEG combined with serum GFAP in the diagnosis of VE are good, which may be used for the early diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of VE.

Objective To assess the regulating effects of interleukin-1? (IL-1?) on gene expression of Bax mRNA in human hyaline chondrocyte.Methods Hyaline chondrocytes of human were harvested enzymatically and cultured in DMEM supplemented with 20% bovine serum.In the experiment,various concentrations of IL-1? were added to the medium.The effects of IL-1? on the Bax mRNA were assessed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in the passaged monolayer cell cultures of hyaline chondrocyte.Results IL-1? increased the Bax mRNA level in passaged cultures of hyaline chondrocyte.The difference was significant (P

Objective To explore the factors influencing the intra-laboratory turnaround time ( ILTAT) and establish a COX regression model.Methods Data of 5 weeks with a total of 904 cases from the samples of blood routine examinations from January 2014 to June 2014 in The Third Hospital of Xingtai were randomly collected.The records of the samples included test dates , times of arrival , times of test , sample statuses, time consumption, time duration, operators, project portfolios, delay, PLT counts, results of 30-minute treatment and test weeks.Based on SPSS 17.0, the above indicators were analyzed by COX single factor analysis and then COX mutiple-factor regression analysis.Results Within the prescribed time , 421 cases were sent taking up 46.6%of the total samples.The ratios of sent cases in 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 minutes are 10.4%, 24.7%, 46.6%, 58.7% and 82.1% respectively.The results of COX single factor analysis showed that times of arrival , sample statuses, times of examination, operators, project portfolios and delay had statistical significance for ILTAT ( P<0.05 ).The results of COX multiple-factor analysis indicated that right times of arrival had a positive impact in reducing the turnaround time of samples (Wald=40.446,P=0.000);non-office hours, project portfolios, physical check samples, and handovers were unfavorable factors to shorten ILTAT ( Wald =7.904,38.029,42.874,18.617, P =0.005,0.000, 0.000,0.000);Operator 5 was a favorable factor(Wald=11.039, P=0.001) and Operator 3 and Operator 10 were unfavorable factors ( Wald =6.432, 24.242, P =0.011, 0.000 ); no obvious discrepancy was observed for other operators (P>0.05).Conclusions Times of arrival, times of test, operators, project portfolios and delay were the independent risk factors leading to the delay in ILTAT.Other laboratories could determine the variable number of proportional hazards models based on their sample transport , test procedures and principal influence factors , and carry out quantitative evaluation on the factors in sample processing for improvement.Thus, significant decrease on ILTAT would be achieved.

Objective To evaluate the antibacterial activity of Galla chinensis etc.14 kinds of TCM against 112 strains of Staphylococcus aureus in vitro. Method Deterimination of antibacterial activity of Galla chinensis etc.against 112 strains of Staphylococcus aureus was performed by using new agar dilution method. Results The antibacterial efficiency of Galla chinensis, Forsythia suspensa and Acacia catechu (L.) Willd against 112 strains Staphylococcus aureus was good, and the MIC90 was 0.102, 0.244, 1.19 mg/mL respectively. Conclusion Galla chinensis etc. 14 kinds of TCM had strong antibacterial activity agsinst 112 srains of Staphylococcus aureus.

Objective To observe antibacterial efficiency of Prunus mume Sieb et Zucc against clinical isolates. Method Antibacterial activity of Prunus mume Sieb et Zucc against 308 strains of clinical isolates were determined by agar dilution method. Results MIC50 of Prunus mume Sieb et Zucc against staphylococcus aureus (112 strains), S.epidermidis (112 strains), and Enterococci (28 strains) were 0.72, 1.44, 0.72 mg/mL, and MIC90 were 1.44, 1.44, 0.72 mg/mL respectively. The MIC90 of Prunus mume Sieb et Zucc to Klebsiella pneumoniae and E. coli were 2.88, 1.44 mg/mL respectively. Conclusion Prunus mume Sieb et Zucc has good antibacterial activity against Gram positive cocci and some Gram negative bacilli.

AimTo establish a model of the injury of the vascular endothelial cell(VEC) in rats and observe the function of Chinese herbs of Li Qi Huo Xue(LQHX) will prevent and treat the VEC injury. Methods30 SD rats weredivided into the control, the model and LQHX groups. The model of the VEC injury was established. It tried to demonstrate the effect of LQHX for the coagula tion and fibrinolysis function of the VEC by the C EC count,t-PA, PAI activity, 6-keto-PGF1αcontent and PAgTmax. Results In LQHX group as compared with those of the medol group, The CEC count was redued obviously(P＜0.01). t-PA activity was increased(P＜0.01), so did the percentage of active t-PA(P＜0.01), but PAI activity decreased (P＜0.05), 6-keto-PGF1α content increased (P＜0.01)α the PAgTmax decreasd (P ＜0.01) Conclution LQHX can enhance the anticoagulation and fibrinolysis activities. It is a more effective measure for the VEC protection.

BACKGROUND:Ful-thickness articular cartilage injury is notoriously difficult to be treated in the fields of orthopedics and sports medicine. Al ogeneic bone and cartilage transplantation can offer a transparent cartilage with biological activity and biomechanical properties to repair ful-thickness articular cartilage defects. Al ogeneic osteochondral grafts from osteochondral tissue bank are adequate, and have a good prospect in the treatment of articular cartilage defects.
OBJECTIVE:To summarize the drawn materials, preservation, quality control and clinical monitoring of al ogeneic osteochondral grafts supported by the osteochondral tissue bank.
METHODS:The first author searched PubMed and CNKI for the relevant articles published before 2013 using the key words of“tissue bank, knee, articular cartilage, preservation, transplantation”in English and Chinese, respectively. After retrieval, we summarized the drawn materials, preservation, quality control and clinical monitoring of al ogeneic osteochondral grafts supported by the osteochondral tissue bank.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Nineteen of 194 retrieved articles were enrol ed according to inclusive and exclusive criteria. The results show that al ogeneic bone and cartilage transplantation is an ef ective method for the treatment of articular cartilage defects, and the establishment of the osteochondral tissue bank can provide safe and active tissues for the treatment of articular cartilage defects. Now, the osteochondral tissue bank is stil in the initial stage.

Objective To explore the profiles of physical activity domains among professionals with different occupational activity patterns.Methods A cluster random sampling method was used to recruit employed adults aged 30-60 years in Beijing as well as Zhejiang province.The information on the physical activity domains was collected with a revised Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ).Results Of 3 326 professionals,about 30.79％,50.75％ and 18.46％ adults had Class Ⅰ (mostly sedentary reading or writing during work time) ,Class Ⅱ (mostly working with arms or legs with little effort) ,and Class Ⅲ (working with effort)occupational activity patterns,respectively.The median volume of leisure time activity and bicycling were all 0 Met-min/week,and no significant difference of domestic activity volume was detected among all the three classes of professionals.Of all the non-occupational activity volume among three classes of adults,domestic activity accounted for the most proportion (58.87％) performed by adults of Class Ⅱ,traffic activity accounted for the most proportion (34.2％) by those of Class Ⅲ,and leisure time activity accounted for the most proportion (12.7％) by those of Class Ⅰ.Most time was spent in sedentary behaviors by those of Class Ⅰ after hours.Conclusions Besides the generally low level of moderate activity,the diversity of the domains of physical activity among this population was evident.It is necessary to develop appropriate technology to improve physical activity for professionals with different occupational activity patterns.

BACKGROUND:The etiological factor for rheumatoid arthritis remains unclear, but the effects of nuclear factor-κB on the onset of rheumatoid arthritis have been gradual y paid great attention by rheumatologists.
OBJECTIVE:By using the RNA interference (RNAi) technique to block the signal pathway of nuclear factor-κB
mRNA of human rheumatoid arthritis synovial cells, this study explored its application prospect in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
METHODS:The synovial cells were isolated, digested, and cultured for further use. In accordance with the
design principle of smal interfering RNA (siRNA), target sequences of siRNA of nuclear factor-κB were identified, and siRNA expression vector of nuclear factor-κB was synthesized and constructed. The four pGenesil-1/nuclear factor-κB siRNA expression vectors were transfected into the first passage of synovial cells that wel grew. Blank and negative control groups were set. cells at 12, 24, 48, 72 hours, 5 and 7 days after transfection were col ected, and RNA was extracted. Intracellular nuclear factor-κB mRNA expression levels were measured, and siRNA plasmid vector that could effectively inhibit nuclear factor-κB mRNA expression was screened out.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Nuclear factor-κB highly expressed in synovial cells after human rheumatoid arthritis. 3#pGenesil-1/nuclear factor-κB apparently suppressed nuclear factor-κB mRNA expression in synovial cells with human rheumatoid arthritis. RNAi technique blocked nuclear factor-κB mRNA expression. Therefore, the block of nuclear factor-κB signal pathway might be a good target for rheumatoid arthritis gene therapy.

Clostridium difficile is a gram-positive,anaerobic spore-forming bacillus commonly found in the environment and human gut.Excessive use of antibiotics,immunosuppressive agents and chemotherapy drugs may lead to overgrowth of the toxic strain of Clostridium difficile with high resistance,which are supposed to be the major contributing factors leading to Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea(CDAD).The globally increasing incidence of CDAD,especially the outbreak of nosocomial infection caused by the hypervirulent strain in North America,arouse worldwide attention.For providing new ideas to the early diagnosis and treatment of CDAD,this review summarize the latest development on pathogenesis and rapid laboratory diagnosis of Clostridium difficile.