OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of nasal and oral disinfection with iodophor on lower respiratory tract infection after nasotracheal intubations.METHODS Totally 360 patients receiving trachea intubation under anesthesia were divided into three groups as follows: oral intubation group,nasal intubation group and nasal disinfection group pretreated with iodophor.Postoperative lower respiratory tract infection was investigated respectively.RESULTS The incidence of lower respiratory tract infection was higher in nasal intubation group(4.17%) and significantly higher than in oral intubation group(1.67%)(P

OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of levofloxacin used by intratracheal administration on lower respiratory tract infection after general anesthesia.METHODS Totally 300 patients receiving general anesthesia were divided into test group(n=150)and control group(n=150).Levofloxacin was used intratracheally twice during general anesthesia in test group.Postoperative lower respiratory tract infection was investigated.RESULTS The incidence of lower respiratory tract infection in control group(4.67%,n=7) was higher than in test group(0.67%,n=1) significantly(P

Objective To investigate the direct effects of midazolam on vascular tension and the possible mechanism Methods Male Wistar rats weighing 200 250g were decapitated and the thoraco abdominal sect of aorta was removed and placed in modified Kreb's solution balanced with 95% O 2 and 5% CO 2 After removal of surrounding connective tissue and fat, the aorta was cut into rings 3 4mm in length The endothelium of some of the aorta rings were denuded Aorta rings were suspended in a 37℃ bath of Kreb's solution which was continuously balanced with 95% O 2 and 5% CO 2 One end of the ring was fixed and the other end was connected to a tension monitor through a tension transducer The intactness of endothelium was tested and confirmed by addition of phenylephrine(PE) first and then acetylcholine Aorta rings of each animal were divided into four groups: endothelium intact control group(Ⅰ); endothelium intact experiment group(Ⅱ);endothelium denuded control group(Ⅲ);and endothelium denuded experiment group(Ⅳ) The experiment was carried out in two parts: Part Ⅰ: the effect of midazolam (3?10 -6 ,10?10 -6 ,30?10 -6 ,100?10 -6 mol/L) on endothelium intact and denuded aorta rings which were precontracted with PE(10 -6 mol/L); part Ⅱ: before different concentrations of midazolam was added, the endothelium intact rings were pretreated with methylene blue(10 -5 mol/L) and the endothelium denuded rings were pretreated with verapamil(5?10 -6 mol/L) or teraethylammonium(TEA,5?10 -3 mol/L).Results The four concentrations of midazolam examined produced relaxation in both endothelium intact and denuded rings Relaxation of endothelium denuded rings was less than that of endothelium intact rings (P0 05) When pretreated with TEA, midazolam produced greater relaxation in endothelium denuded rings(P

0.05).Propofol produced greater relaxation in endothelium denuded rings pretreated with TEA( P 0.05).Propofol produced concentration dependent relaxation in rat aortic vascular smooth muscle. The effects may be due to the actions on voltage dependent calcium ion channels.

Objective To investigate effects of Ginkgo biloba extract(EGb) on expression of CREB and pCREB in cortex of aging rats.Methods Male Wistar rats were divided into three groups:young control group,old control group and EGb group.Rats in EGb group were treated with intragastric administration of EGb,while rats in the other two groups were treated with distilled water.The spatial learning and memory were evaluated by Morris water maze,and the expression of CREB,pCREB were detected by western blot.Results( 1 ) Compared with young control group (9.6 ± 2.88,41.55 ± 6.30),the swimming time and times through platform in the target quardrant of rats in old control group(6.8 ± 2.49,34.92 ± 4.56) were reduced (P ＜ 0.05 ).The times passing through the platform and the time exploring the target quadrant were more and longer in EGb group(9.4 ± 2.63,41.0 ± 6.68 ) than those in old control group(P ＜ 0.05 ).(2)Compared with rats in young control group( 1.07 ±0.33,0.26 ± 0.04),relative contents of CREB and p-CREB proteins in cortex (0.70 ± 0.21,0.13 ± 0.05 ) weredecreased in old control group(P＜0.05 ).CREB and p-CREB Levels were higher in EGb group ( 1.02 ±0.18,0.18 ±0.02)than those in old control group(P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion EGb can ameliorate spatial learning and memory of rats by increasing the expression of CREB and p-CREB in cortex.

Objective To test red cells of bone marrow and hematopoietic cells of rats with liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome in different time period;To discuss the change rules in the blood system. Methods Rat models with liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome were made by composite method of anger by restraint stress, clipping tails, over fatigue, and abnormal diet. The hemogram, red cells of bone marrow, marrow nucleated red blood cells, stem cell factor, and erythropoietin of male rats in normal group and model group were detected at 2nd, 6th and 9th weeks. Results Compared with normal group, hematokrit and metarubricyte in model group of 2 weeks was higher in the model group (P<0.05);erythropoietin in model group of 6 weeks decreased (P<0.01);red cell counts, red protein level, hemoglobin, hematokrit, and erythropoietin in model group of 9 weeks were lower (P<0.05);red cell counts, hemoglobin, hematokrit, prorubricyte, metarubricyte, and erythropoietin in model group of 6 and 9 weeks were significantly lower than those in model group of 2 weeks (P<0.05, P<0.01). The number of marrow nucleated red blood cells in model group of 2 weeks decreased (P<0.05). Stem cell factor showed no significant difference. Conclusion The rats with liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome can increase the number of red blood cells in a short time when they suffer from stress stimulation, so that they can fight the damage factors. But long-term stress stimulation will lead the rats to anemia, which may be associated with the reduction of erythropoietin.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of Tanshinone capsules on glucose and lipid metabolism and serum sex hormone level in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS:90 female SD rats were randomly divided into normal group (distilled water),model group (distilled water),positive control group (metformin 200 mg/kg) and Tanshinone capsules low-dose,medium-dose and high-dose groups(30,60,90 mg/kg),with 15 rats in each group. Those groups were induced PCOS mod-el except for normal group;after modeling,those groups were given relevant medicine intragastrically for consecutive 28 d,once a day. The ovulation rate was compared before intervention and 28 d after intervention. Body weight,fat wet weight,fasting insulin (FINS),fasting blood-glucose (FPG),AUC of glucose,HOMA-IR,ISI,serum levels of FSH,LH and T were detected. RE-SULTS:Compared with normal group,anovulation,body weight,fat wet weight,FINS,FPG,AUC of glucose,HOMA-IR, FSH,LH and T were all increased significantly in model group,while ISI decreased significantly(P<0.05). Compared with mod-el group,ovulation rate and ISI of positive control group and Tanshinone capsules groups were increased significantly after interven-tion, while body weight (except for Tanshinone capsules low-dose group), fat wet weight (except for Tanshinone capsules low-dose group),FINS,FPG,AUC of glucose,HOMA-IR,FSH,LH and T were all decreased significantly(P<0.05),especial-ly in Tanshinone capsules high-dose group and positive control group. CONCLUSIONS:Tanshinone capsules can regulate glucose and lipid metabolism and serum sex hormone secretion disorder in PCOS rats.

Objective:Based on gene expression omnibus(GEO),differential expressed genes,gene set enrichment analysis(GSEA)and immune cell infiltration analysis were performed on microarray data of chronic spontaneous urticaria(CSU)expression profile,to gain more insight into the pathogenesis of CSU.Methods:The GSE72541 raw data were obtained from the GEO.Differential expressed genes were screened using R software.String database were used to construct the the protein-protein interaction(PPI)net-work.Gene ontology(GO)and Kyoto encyclopedia of gene and genomes(KEGG)enrichment analysis were performed using GSEA software.The ssGSEA method was used to analyze the infiltration of immune cells in the expression profile.Results:Genes closely related to platelet activation and its function were up-regulated in CSU serum,while genes related to Th1 cell chemotaxis were down-regulated in CSU serum.Biological processes and signal pathways related to coagulation cascade reaction,regulation of vascular per-meability,immune and inflammatory reactions,and mood-modulating were up-regulated in CSU group.Immunized cell infiltration analysis showed that activated B cells,immature B cells,follicular helper T cells,and Th2 cells were down-regulated in the CSU serum.Conclusion:Platelet activation,coagulation cascade reaction and the imbalance of Th1/Th2 immunity play important roles in the pathogenesis of CSU.

Objective: To investigate the genetic characteristics of human adenovirus (AdV) among infants with diarrhea in Chaoyang district, Beijing from 2011 to 2017. Methods: Adenovirus positive stool samples were collected from 2011 to 2017 in Chaoyang District of Beijing. The hexon region genes of human adenovirus were sequenced. Multi-sequence alignments were performed and phylogenetic tree was constructed by Mega software. Results: A total of 64 samples were sequenced and analyzed. The ratio of male to female was 11∶5. The mean age was 1.56 years. Among them, AdV41 accounted for 70.31%, followed by AdV31 (26.25%), AdV40 (4.69%), AdV1 (3.13%), AdV5 (3.13%), AdV6 (3.13%), AdV7 (3.13%), AdV2 (1.56%), AdV3 (1.56%), AdV4 (1.56%) and AdV61 (1.56%). Conclusions Human adenovirus may play an important role in viral diarrhea in Chaoyang district from 2011 to 2017. The current adenovirus epidemic is complex and AdV41 was the dominant strain in this region.

Objective:To analyze the distribution and genetic characteristics of sporadic adult diarrhea virus in Chaoyang District, Beijing.Methods:Fecal samples from 177 adult patients with sporadic diarrhea were collected from 4 enteric outpatient clinics in Chaoyang District, Beijing from May to December 2019. Nucleic acid detection of Norovirus, Sappovirus, Rotavirus, Enteric Adenovirus and Astrovirus in the samples was performed by real-time quantitative PCR. The positive samples were amplified by RT-PCR/PCR and sequenced. The phylogenetic analysis was performed by neighbor-Joining (NJ) methods of Mega 6.0 software.Results:There were 60 of 177 (33.90%) adult sporadic diarrhea samples positive for enteric viral pathogens. Among them, 47 cases were infected with single virus, including 29 cases of Norovirus, 9 cases of Sappovirus, 8 cases of Astrovirus and 1 case of Enteric Adenovirus, in addition with 13 cases of multiple infections. None of rotavirus was detected. Partial sequences were successfully obtained for analysis, including 16 cases of GI Norovirus (7 subtypes and GI.3[P13] predominant), 10 cases of GII Norovirus (5 subtypes and GII.6[P7] predominant), 12 cases of Sappovirus (4 subtypes and GI.2 predominant), and 7 cases of Astrovirus (2 subtypes and AST-1 predominant).Conclusion:Norovirus, Astrovirus and Sappovirus are main pathogens among sporadic adult diarrhea in Beijing in 2019, and and different pathogenic gene subtypes show diverse characteristics.