Objective To find out the exposure level and distributional characteristics of risk factors for stroke in health checkup population. Methods Target population was selected from two health management centers including Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University and Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University in Shandong province. Data were investigated with a questionnaire which included general information, physical examination, laboratory examination and electrocardiography. Exposure rate of risk factors and its distributional characteristics were described. Results A total of 95 909 individuals were enrolled into data analysis, including 59 686 males (age:44.48± 14.43), 36 223 females (age: 44.80 ± 13.90). The major risk factors were lack of exercises (68.02%), overweight (60.54%)and dyslipidemia (58.27%). There were significant differences in age groups and sex. Conclusion Exposure rate of risk factor for stroke was high and there were substantial differences between sex and age in health checkup population. Screening and health management for stroke risks might be a necessary strategy for the preventive intervention.

Objective To describe the psychological experience of the patients with end-stage cardiopathy in China. Methods Phenomenology method was used in the study. Fifteen end stage cardiopathy patients received a non-structured interview. Results Four themes were extracted including heavy psychological burden about the disease and the selection of treatment options; complex psychological responses to families and relatives; wishing of social support;lose heart to personal future and prospects. Conclusions The patients on the end stage cardiopathy have complicated and intensive psychological responses. Medical staff should focus on the emotional of these patients, and provide effective strategies to promote patients'physical and psychological rehabilitation.

Objective To discuss the clinical application of homemade airway exchange catheter on the extubation of patients with difficult tracheal intubation in intensive care unit(ICU). Methods Sixty-two patients with difficult tracheal intubation who failed their initial extubation trial were randomly divided into conventional group (31 cases)and observation group(31 cases). The patients in the conventional group received routine extubation process,while the patients in the observation group were extubated under the guidance over a homemade airway exchange catheter. The changes in heart rate(HR),blood pressure,respiratory rate(RR)and pulse blood oxygen saturation(SpO2)were compared at 12 hours after extubation,so as the re-intubation rate,intubation success rate at first attempt and re-intubation time in two groups,and the tolerance and complications after extubation were observed. Results After extubation,the HR,blood pressure and RR were increased significantly(all P<0.05), and the SpO2 was much lower in conventional group(P<0.05),while those parameters were changed little and basically in the normal ranges in the observation group. At 12 hours after extubation,the re-intubation rate was much lower(6.45%vs. 25.81%,P<0.05)in the observation group,with shorter re-intubation time(seconds:27±14 vs. 49±28,P<0.01),higher intubation success rate at first attempt(90.32%vs. 54.84%,P<0.01)and better tolerance (77.4% vs. 61.3%,P<0.05)compared with those in the conventional group. There was no severe complication in the observation group,and there were 1 cases of glottic edema with cricothyroid membrane puncture,2 cases of broncheal mucous membrane bleeding and 2 cases of bucking in the conventional group. Conclusion Compared with conventional extubation process,the extubation over homemade airway exchange catheter can increase the rate of extubation,reduce re-intubation rate and the re-intubation time,with favorable tolerance and no occurrence of serious complications,and is one of the safe and effective extubation strategies in patients with difficult tracheal intubation in ICU.

Purpose: Nurses’ musculoskeletal diseases (MSDs) are worldwide prevalent and are considered to be a costly occupational injury. This study aims to investigate the relationship between exposure to occupation-related psychosocial factors, physical workload, and upper body musculoskeletal diseases among hospital nurses. Methods: An electronic search was implemented using nine databases with June 2019 as the latest search date. English and Chinese studies were chosen, and data were independently and separately extracted by two investigators. Pooled odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated for each subset, using the fixed or random-effects model, following heterogeneity between studies for research synthesis. The source of heterogeneity was explored through subgroup, sensitivity, and meta-analyses. Results: Eighteen studies were included in the meta-analysis. Most participants were women (51.4%–100.0%), aged between 20 and 60. A correlation was found between high job demand and the prevalence of low back pain (OR = 1.41; 95% CI = 1.23-1.62). Total job strain was related to the risk of low back pain (OR = 1.71; 95% CI = 1.15-2.55), neck pain (OR = 1.67; 95% CI = 1.26-2.20), shoulder pain (OR = 1.62; 95% CI = 1.06-2.48) and back pain (OR = 1.45; 95% CI = 1.10-1.91). Furthermore, the physical workload was significantly associated with the prevalence of low back pain (OR = 1.76; 95% CI = 1.32-2.35), neck pain (OR = 1.17; 95% CI = 1.08-1.27), shoulder pain (OR = 1.59; 95% CI = 1.37-1.85) and back pain (OR = 1.66; 95% CI = 1.45-1.90). Conclusion There were significant associations between occupational strain, more physical workload and upper body MSDs, but the evidence advocating a growth risk in MSDs due to low levels of social support is quite weak.

Purpose: Nurses’ musculoskeletal diseases (MSDs) are worldwide prevalent and are considered to be a costly occupational injury. This study aims to investigate the relationship between exposure to occupation-related psychosocial factors, physical workload, and upper body musculoskeletal diseases among hospital nurses. Methods: An electronic search was implemented using nine databases with June 2019 as the latest search date. English and Chinese studies were chosen, and data were independently and separately extracted by two investigators. Pooled odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated for each subset, using the fixed or random-effects model, following heterogeneity between studies for research synthesis. The source of heterogeneity was explored through subgroup, sensitivity, and meta-analyses. Results: Eighteen studies were included in the meta-analysis. Most participants were women (51.4%–100.0%), aged between 20 and 60. A correlation was found between high job demand and the prevalence of low back pain (OR = 1.41; 95% CI = 1.23-1.62). Total job strain was related to the risk of low back pain (OR = 1.71; 95% CI = 1.15-2.55), neck pain (OR = 1.67; 95% CI = 1.26-2.20), shoulder pain (OR = 1.62; 95% CI = 1.06-2.48) and back pain (OR = 1.45; 95% CI = 1.10-1.91). Furthermore, the physical workload was significantly associated with the prevalence of low back pain (OR = 1.76; 95% CI = 1.32-2.35), neck pain (OR = 1.17; 95% CI = 1.08-1.27), shoulder pain (OR = 1.59; 95% CI = 1.37-1.85) and back pain (OR = 1.66; 95% CI = 1.45-1.90). Conclusion There were significant associations between occupational strain, more physical workload and upper body MSDs, but the evidence advocating a growth risk in MSDs due to low levels of social support is quite weak.

Objective To analyze the patients′ psychological resilience level of postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction and to explore the influencing factors, in order to provide the scientific basis for patients′psychological intervention. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 208 patients of postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction by using the Connor-Davidson Resilience scale(CD-RISC), Positive and Negative Affective scales(PANAS) and Medical Coping Modes questionnaire(MCMQ, which includes "confrontation","acceptance-resignation"and"avoidance"). Results The score of psychological resilience of 208 patients was (53.64 ± 12.29)points, differences in age, family monthly income, living locations, delivery methods and delivery times reached a statistically significant level(F=15.287,5.731,t=-2.571,-15.911,-2.922,all P<0.05). Patients′psychological resilience level had significant positive correlation with positive emotions(P<0.01)and"confrontation",and it had negative correlation with"acceptance-resignation"(P<0.01).Age,living locations, delivery methods, positive emotions and "acceptance- resignation" are the forecast factors of psychological resilience, which can explain 69.6% of total variation. Conclusions Patients of postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction have low levels of psychological resilience, which associated with positive emotions and medical coping modes. Therefore, nursing staffs should pay attentions to the patients′ psychological status, develop individualized psychological guidelines,implement psychological intervention and health education,in order to improve the level of patients′resilience and improve their living quality.

Subjective well-being,a comprehensive psychological index for evaluating the quality of life,is closely related to the physical and mental health of the elderly.At present,the mainly Methods for measuring subjective well-being in the elderly is scale. Subjective well-being assessment scales include generic scales and specific scales.Domestic elderly subjective well-being scales commonly imported from abroad.Specific scales for elderly are less in mainland China.This article will review the current research status for subjective well-being assessment scales in the elderly, in order to strengthen the localization research of specific scales and further provides reference for the clinical research of this topic.

This article reviewed the present situation of the research on the relationship between the number of nursing staff, education level, skill combination and patient safety at home and abroad, as well as the indirect mechanism of nursing manpower factors on patient safety through intermediary factors such as working environment, attendance, nursing lack and so on. In view of the problems existing in domestic research, some suggestions were put forward, such as carrying out longitudinal and intervention research on patient safety, optimizing the allocation of nursing human resources and patient safety indicators, exploring the mechanism of multiple nursing factors and patient safety and conducting empirical analysis. To provide reference for hospital managers to improve nursing quality and ensure patient safety.

This article summarized the overview of diagnosis related groups (DRGs), the necessity of comprehensively popularizing and applying DRGs in specialized hospitals and general hospitals, the different methods and effects of nursing human resource allocation based on DRGs in specialized hospitals and general hospitals at home and abroad, and analyzed the different challenges and opportunities faced by DRGs in the implementation of human resource allocation in two types of hospitals. According to the types and characteristics of hospitals, this paper put forward some corresponding suggestions and prospects for the future, such as intelligent human resource prediction system and the construction of information sharing platform, so as to provide reference for the comprehensive promotion of DRGs in different types of hospitals in China.

With the acceleration of the aging process of the population, the demand for joint replacement continues to increase. Under the background of enhanced recovery after surgery, outpatient joint replacement has become a safe, economic and effective model to shorten the average length of stay and reduce the cost of hospitalization. It has been widely used in foreign countries, but there are still some limitations in the development and promotion in China. Therefore, this study intends to review the perioperative management plan and implementation effect of joint replacement in foreign countries, in order to provide reference for the implementation and improvement of the concept of fast track surgery for bone and joint in China.