Objective To investigate the clinical application effect of independently designed subcutaneous tunnel in endo‐scopic thyroid operation .Methods A total of 480 cases of endoscopic thyroid operation were completed in our department from February 2005 to December 2014 ,in which 315 cases adopted the independently designed subcutaneous tunnel for separating the subcutaneous tissues in anterior thoracic region and the other 165 cases used the puncture stick for separating and constructing the subcutaneous tunnel .Results Using independently designed subcutaneous tunnel for constructing the subcutaneous tunnel in the anterior thoracic region had statistical difference in the operative time and intraoperative bleeding amount compared with the punc‐ture stick(P<0 .05) ,and the difference of postoperative complications between the two groups was statistically signifficant (P<0 .05) .Conclusion Adopting the independently designed subcutaneous tunnel for constructing subcutaneous tunnel has the advan‐tages of short time consuming ,less bleeding and fewer complications .The level and size of the constructed subcutaneous tunnel are easy to grasp ,so which is more convenient for endoscopic thyroid operation .

Objective To compare the prognosis of cognitive dysfunction in patients with cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction by observing the effect of comprehensive rehabilitation intervention based on attention and working memory on the patients with cognitive dysfunction after cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction.Methods A total of 44 patients with cognitive dysfunction after stroke admitted to the Rehabilitation Department of the First Hospital of Jilin University from September 2018 to January 2021 were selected，including 19 patients with cerebral infarction and 25 patients with cerebral hemorrhage，aged from 18 to 80 years，with the course of disease ranging from 2 weeks to 12 months. Both groups received cognitive training based on attention and working memory and conventional rehabilitation therapy，cognitive training 20 minutes a day,6 days/ week，for 4 weeks. Routine rehabilitation includes physical factor therapy，exercise therapy，occupational therapy，aerobic exercise，acupuncture，etc. Montreal Cognitive Assessment（MoCA） was used to assess Cognitive function in all patients before and after treatment.Results After treatment，MoCA scores of 2 groups were significantly higher than those before treatment，the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）；The improvement of MoCA scores in cerebral hemorrhage group was higher than that in cerebral infarction group，and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）.Conclusion Comprehensive rehabilitation intervention based on attention and working memory can effectively improve the level of cognitive function in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction，and the prognosis of cognitive function after intracerebral hemorrhage may be better.