Objective: This study aims to investigate the clinical effect of bronchoscopic interventional cryotherapy in the treatment of bronchial tuberculosis (BTB). Methods:158 patients admitted into our hospital from October 2012 to October 2015 were randomly divided into observation group (n=80) and control group (n=78). The control group was treated with standardized systemic chemotherapy, and the observation was treated by bronchoscopic interventional cryotherapy based on the control group in order to compare the negative rate of sputum bacteria, clinical efficacy and adverse reactions. Results: After treatment, the turn rate of the observation group was 98.75%, significantly higher than that of the control group (89.74%) (x2=5.964, P<0.05). Clinical effective rate was 97.50% in the observation group, significantly higher than the control group (84.62%) (x2=8.119, P<0.05). The adverse reactions of the observationt group were 5.00% and they were 12.82%in the control group. There was no statistical significance between the two groups (x2=2.236, P>0.05). Conclusion:It has obvious clinical curative effect of bronchoscopic interventional cryotherapy in the treatment of BTB. With simple operation, it has a higher negative rate of sputum bacteria and lower incidence of adverse reactions. It also can effectively improve the pulmonary function and protect lung tissue, which is worth popularizing in clinical application.