Objective To observe the efficacy of atorvastatin and irbesartan in the treatment of early diabetic nephropathy and the influence on serum cystatin C and adiponectin,thus to improve clinical outcomes.Methods 80 patients with early diabetic nephropathy met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into observation group (40 cases)and control group(40 cases).All patients were given conventional diabetes comprehensive intervention, the control group then was given irbesartan 150mg/d,qd,the observation group was given atorvastatin on the basis of control group,20mg/d,qd,both two groups were treated for 12 weeks.The FBG,HbA1c,renal function indication (Scr,BUN,UAER),lipid parameters indication(TC,TG),cystatin C,adiponectin were detected.DBP,SBP were detected by 24h ambulatory blood pressure.Results The DBP,SBP,Scr,BUN,UAER,TC,TG,cystatin C,adiponec-tin of the observation group after treatment were lower than before treatment(P <0.05 or P <0.01).The BUN,TC, TG of the control group had no significant changes before and after treatment (P >0.05).The DBP,SBP,Scr,BUN, UAER,TC,TG,cystatin C,adiponectin of the observation group after treatment were lower than the control group (P <0.05 or P <0.01).Conclusion Atorvastatin combined with irbesartan can effectively control blood pressure, has overall improvement in glucose and lipid metabolism,effectively reduce adiponectin,inhibit glomerular dysfunc-tion,improve kidney function,it is a good method for prevention and treatment of early diabetic nephropathy.

ObjectiveTo explore the efficacy and safety of percutaneous antegrade stenting in the treatment of ureteral obstruction after renal transplantation.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 11patients with renal graft ureteral obstruction (2 cases of acute obstruction and 9 cases of chronic obstruction) from March 2009 to March 2011.The etiology of the obstruction was renal graft-ureter-bladder anastomotic stricture in 5 cases,stone obstruction in 2 cases,and undetermined in 4 cases.Renal graft and collecting system were examined by ultrasonography preoperatively to select suitable puncture position,and then ureteropyelography was performed under X-ray guidance.When the obstruction location was clear,the urology guidewire was implanted to the bladder by needle,and then guidewire was released by cystoscopy.Ureteral stent was implanted along the guidewire,and upper ureteral stents was observed under X-ray. After removal of guidewire,the stent location was confirmed once again.The renal pelvis fistula drainage lasted for 1-2 weeks,and ureteral stent to 6 months to one year.Ultrasound and renal function were tested after 1week,1month,3 months and 6 months,and then every six months.ResultsOperation was done successfully in 10 patients,and failed in one case due to a long segment of ureteral stenosis.The operating time of ureteral stent implantation was 54±27 min.Serum creatinine of patients was reduced from preoperative 326±147 to postoperative 89±49 μmol/L.During a follow-up period of 6 to 27 months,no complications occurred.ConclusionPercutaneous antegrade stenting in the treatment of ureteral obstruction after renal transplantation is safe and effective.

Objective To explore the correlation between post-transplant glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in 1 year and long-term graft survival in renal transplant patients.Methods The clinical data of 334 patients who received their cadaveric kidney transplantations between November 1994 and October 2004 were analyzed retrospectively.According to the GFR at one year after transplant operation, normal GFR group was defined as GFR more than or equal to 1.083 ml/s, while patients whose GFR less than 1.083 ml/s were fallen into abnormal GFR group.Cockeroft-Gault (C-G) formula was used to compare the difference in the renal function between the two groups.Kaplan-Meier assay was used to compare the difference in the allograft survival between the two groups in the functional renal allograft or the non-functional renal allograft.The correlativity of GFR level at the first year and the GFR level at the 5th year was analyzed.Results The GFR level at the first year after transplantation was proportional to the graft survival time of the kidney.Five and ten years after transplantation, the renal transplantation long-term survival rate in the normal renal function groups was significantly higher than in the abnormal renal function groups (P＜0.05).As compared with the GFR level at the first year after transplantation, the changes in amplitude of GFR level at the 5th year after transplantation was (0.080 ±0.248) ml/s, and the descent had a positive correlation with GFR level at the 5th year after transplantatioa Conclusion GFR level at the first year after transplantation predicts long-term renal functioa The higher of GFR level at the first year, the higher of GFR level at the 5th year.

OBJECTIVETo assess the effect of bladder neck preservation (BNP) on postoperative continence during laparoscopic radical prostatectomy.

METHODSOne hundred and forty-five patients with localized prostate cancer (Tlb-T2c) underwent laparoscopic radical prostatectomy in our center from July 2006 to May 2010, including 59 cases treated with bladder neck preservation (BNP group) and 86 cases with bladder neck resection (non-BNP group). All cases were diagnosed as prostate cancer by transrectal ultrasonography-guided prostate biopsy preoperatively, in which localized tumors were confirmed by CT or MRI and distant metastases were ruled out by ECT bone scan. All patients had no history of incontinence and no radiation therapy preoperatively. All the 145 operations were performed by the same surgeon. The bladder neck preservation was defined as a procedure of direct suturing of the bladder neck on the urethra without repair and reconstruction of the bladder neck. Both procedures of neurovascular bundle preservation and external striated urethral sphincter preservation were carried out on all cases. Urinary continence was evaluated using the International Continence Society questionnaire at 1, 3 and 6 months postoperatively. Positive surgical margins rates were compared between the two groups. Postoperative continence was defined as the absence of need for pads or the use of one pad daily.

RESULTSAt 1, 3 and 6 months, the urinary continence rates were 42.4%, 74.6% and 86.4% in BNP group, respectively, while 25.6%, 58.1% and 80.2% in non-BNP group, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in continence at 1 and 3 months between two groups (P <0.05), while no significant differences were observed at 6 months postoperatively (P=0.331). There were no significant differences in overall rate of positive surgical margins between two groups (10.1% Compared with 10.4% P=0.954) and both groups had one case with positive surgical margins at bladder neck.

CONCLUSIONBladder neck preservation during laparoscopic radical prostatectomy is helpful for postoperative continence without increase of positive surgical margins rate.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostatectomy ; methods ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Urinary Bladder ; surgery ; Urinary Incontinence ; prevention & control